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Negative Feedback Regulation of Auxin Signaling by ATHB8/ACL5-BUD2 Transcription Module

Molecular Plant 2014年第6期7卷 1006-1025页

作者： Simona Baima Valentina Forte Marco Possenti Andres Penalosa Guido Leoni Sergio Salvi Barbara Felici ida ruberti Giorgio Morelli Food and Nutrition Research Centre Agricultural Research Council Via Ardeatina 546 00178 Rome Italy Present address: Department of Physics Sapienza University of Rome Rle A Moro 5 00185 Rome Italy Present address: Soil-Plant System Studies Research Centre Agricultural Research Council Via della Navicella 2-4 00184 Rome Italy Institute of Biology Molecular Medicine and NanoBiotechnology National Research Council Rle A. Moro 5 00185 Rome Italy

The role of auxin as main regulator of vascular differentiation is well established, and a direct correlation between the rate of xylem differentiation and the amount of auxin reaching the （pro）cambial cells has been proposed. It has been suggested that thermospermine produced by ACAULIS5 （ACL5） and BUSHY AND DWARF2 （BUD2） is one of the factors downstream to auxin contributing to the regulation of this process in Arabidopsis. Here, we provide an in-depth characterization of the mechanism through which ACL5 modulates xylem differentiation. We show that an increased level of ACL5 slows down xylem differentiation by negatively affecting the expression of homeodomain-leucine zipper （HD- ZIP） III and key auxin signaling genes. This mechanism involves the positive regulation of thermospermine biosynthesis by the HD-ZIP III protein ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA HOMEOBOX8 tightly controlling the expression of ACL5 and BUD2. In addition, we show that the HD-ZIP III protein REVOLUTA contributes to the increased leaf vascularization and long hypocotyl phenotype of acl5 likely by a direct regulation of auxin signaling genes such as LIKE AUXIN RESISTANT2 （LAX2） and LAX3. We propose that proper formation and differentiation of xylem depend on a balance between positive and negative feedback loops operating through HD-ZIP III genes.

关键词： auxin procambium thermospermine autoregulation auxin influx transporters Arabidopsis.

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Combined use of lactoferrin and vitamin D as a preventive and therapeutic supplement for SARS-CoV-2 infection: Current evidence

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第32期10卷 11665-11670页

作者： Massimiliano Cipriano Enzo ruberti Marcos Roberto Tovani-Palone Department of Laparoscopic Surgery Umberto I General HospitalMedical School Sapienza UniversityRome 161Italy Department of Human Neuroscience Sapienza University of RomeRome 00185Italy Department of Research Analytics Saveetha Dental College and HospitalsSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical SciencesChennai 600077India

Lactoferrin is a multifunctional protein that exhibits anti-inflammatory,immune regulating and anti-infective properties.One of its receptor sites is located on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.The binding of lactoferrin with heparin sulfate proteoglycans may prevent the first contact between the virus and host cells,thus preventing subsequent infection.Given that lactoferrin may act as a natural mucosal barrier,an intranasal treatment together with its oral intake can be hypothesized to prevent the spread,infection and inflammation caused by coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).Moreover,the literature reports that vitamin D plays an essential role in promoting immune response.With its antiinflammatory and immunoregulatory properties,vitamin D is critical for activating the immune system’s defenses,improving immune cell function.Different studies also demonstrate that lactoferrin is a potential activator of the vitamin D receptor.In this sense,the combined use of lactoferrin(through an association of oral intake and a nasal spray formulation)and vitamin D could represent a valuable therapy for COVID-19 treatment and prevention.However,further randomized clinical trials are needed before recommending/prescribing them.

关键词： Lactoferrin Vitamin D SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Pandemics

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FISSION1A, an Arabidopsis Tail-Anchored Protein, Is Localized to Three Subcellular Compartments

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Molecular Plant 2014年第8期7卷 1393-1396页

作者： Cristina ruberti[a],[b],, Alex Costa[c],[d], Emanuela Pedrazzini[e], Fiorella Lo Schiavo[a] Michela Zottini[a], [a]Department of Biology University of Padua Via U. Bassi 58/B I-35131 Padua Italy[b] Present address: MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory and Department of Plant Biology Michigan State University 612 WilsonRoad East Lansing MI 48824 USA[c]Department of Biosciences University of Milan Via G. Celoria 26 I-20133 Milan Italy[d]Institute of Biophysics National Research Council (CNR) Via G. Celoria 26 I-20133 Milan Italy[e]Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology National Research Council (CNR) via Bassini 15 I-20133 Milan Italy

Dear Editor, The multiple targeting proteins that have been described in yeast, mammals, and plants have generated intriguing areas of inquiry, including the evolutionary relevance of common proteins shared by different organelles, the mechanisms that determine targeting to each organelle, and, finally, the extent of this phenomenon. Several dual-targeted proteins have been identified in eukaryotic cells.

关键词： MITOCHONDRIA PLANTS CELLS

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Pesticides: An Overview of the Current Health Problems of Their Use

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2021年第8期9卷 1-20页

作者： Raffaella Leoci Marcello ruberti Department of Emergency and Organ Transplant (D.E.T.O.) Section of Veterinary and Animal Production University of Bari “Aldo Moro” Bari Italy Department of Economic Sciences University of Salento Lecce Italy

The necessity to produce increasing quantities of food to meet the demand of ever-increasing populations has led to the massive use of pesticides in agriculture. Their massive consumption derives from the need to subtract food from competition of fungi, bacteria, and insects and agricultural land from the invasion of competing weeds. Modern agriculture floats on an ocean of synthetic chemical compounds used to crop protection and food preservation during storage. Presently, worldwide about 2000 active ingredients have been listed, categorized into about 60 classes of chemicals. In the world, the overall pesticides, used in agriculture, are about 4.1 million tonnes/years. The exposure of animals and humans to pesticides could be related to neurotoxicity, endocrine disruption, liver and kidney damage, cancer, reproductive effects (sperm abnormalities, decreased fertility, fetal growth retardation, birth defects, or spontaneous abortion), and growth modifications. However, the knowledge about their potential damage to the organs of reproduction, breastfeeding, and infants is still largely insufficient. It is necessary to improve new methods to identify and regulate the long-term safety of pesticides use, to protect the environment and health, and to eliminate the adverse effect of pesticides on the environment and non-target organisms. The assessment of possible risks of old and new pesticides must be increased to include the possible effects on reproduction on animals and pregnancy loss even after a long time. In the meantime, it is necessary to minimize the use of synthetic chemical compounds by increasing the use of biological systems.

关键词： Pesticides Environment Animals Humans Health

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Concentrations and Allocation of NO<sub>2</sub>Emissions to Different Sources in a Distinctive Italian Region after the COVID-19 Lockdown

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2020年第9期11卷 690-708页

作者： Marcello ruberti Luigi Romano Department of Economic Sciences University of Salento Lecce Italy

Nitrogen dioxide concentrations, being short-lived pollutants, are good indicators of changes in emission sources and economic slowdowns. This analysis focuses on the Greater Salento region (Italy) and aims to monitor, by investigating the relative sources, the changes of NO2 tropospheric concentrations notoriously related to vehicular traffic exhausts and, in general, to fossil fuel combustion processes which are now apparently linked to many COVID-19 patients deaths. The principle objective of this paper is to map the tropospheric NO2 local distribution and to extrapolate, from the overall data of average daily concentrations of NO2 as recorded by the ARPA-Puglia ground-based monitoring stations, the single contributions and their mutual relationships of the different diffuse emission sources (motor vehicles and domestic heating systems) by identifying, the environmental background threshold of this pollutant of each geographic area, thanks to the simplified situation determined by the COVID-19 lockdown. The analyzed territory (the so-called “Greater Salento” or Salento Peninsula) is very unusual because there are two provinces with large industrial settlements, Taranto, with the steel area of ex-ILVA, and Brindisi, with petrochemical and thermoelectric power plants, which enclose a territory, the province of Lecce, free of any industrial plants of such sizes and their environmental impacts. From the results of this study, in addition to confirming the obvious and overall decrease of NO2 concentrations (-23.2% compared to previous year) during the lockdown period, interesting and distinctive local allocations of nitrogen dioxide concentrations to different sources have also emerged: heating household systems, and not road traffic, are the main sources of this dangerous pollutant in this region, with an average quota of 44.3%. The studied regional situation is so significant as to allow broader considerations regarding to other similar international areas.

关键词： Ex-ILVA Nitrogen Dioxide Greater Salento Vehicles Heating Systems Background Pollution

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Preimplantation genetic diagnosis and the biopsy technique: Important considerations

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Advances in Reproductive Sciences 2013年第2期1卷 7-14页

作者： Ermanno Greco Gemma Fabozzi Alessandra ruberti Daniela Zavaglia Maria Giulia Minasi Centre for Reproductive Medicine European Hospital Via Portuense Rome Italy

Preimplantation genetic diagnosis allows to test the genetic status of embryos prior to implantation. In order to obtain genetic material, on which carry out a genetic diagnosis, a procedure named embryo biopsy is required. In the last two decades, embryo biopsy at the cleavage stage has been the mostly performed procedure. However, recently, alternative methods allowing the retrieval of a larger number of cells (blastocyst stage biopsy), or representing a valid alternative to overcome ethical issues (polar body biopsy) have obtained increasing consensus. This article reviews different methods of embryo biopsy and points out their positive and negative aspects.

关键词： Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis Screening Polar Body Embryo Blastocyst Biopsy

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