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A Layer-IntegratedModel of Solute Transport in HeterogeneousMedia

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Advances in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics 2014年第6期6卷 699-717页

作者： Hung-En Chen hui-Ping Lee Shih-Wei chiang Tung-Lin tsai Jinn-Chuang Yang Department of Civil Engineering National Chiao Tung University1001 Ta Hsueh RoadHsinchu 30010Taiwan Agricultural Engineering Research Center 196-1 Chung Yuan RoadChungli 32061Taiwan Department of Civil and Water Resources Engineering National chiayi University 300 Syuefu RoadChiayi 60004Taiwan Department of Civil Engineering and Disaster Prevention and Water Environment Research Center National Chiao Tung University1001 Ta Hsueh RoadHsinchu 30010Taiwan

This study presents a numerical solution to the three-dimensional solute transport in heterogeneous media by using a layer-integrated *** vertical spatial variation of soil and hydraulic properties within each layer,a threedimensional solute transport can be simplified as a quasi-three-dimensional solute transport which couples a horizontal two-dimensional simulation and a vertical onedimensional *** finite analytic numericalmethod was used to discretize the derived two-dimensional governing equation.A quadratic function was used to approximate the vertical one-dimensional concentration distribution in the layer to ensure the continuity of concentration and flux at the interface between the adjacent *** integration over each layer,a set of system of equations can be generated for a single column of vertical cells and solved numerically to give the vertical solute concentration *** solute concentration field was then obtained by solving all columns of vertical cells to achieve convergence with the iterative solution *** proposed model was verified through examples from the published literatures including four verifications in terms of analytical and experimental *** of simulation results indicates that the proposed model satisfies the solute concentration profiles obtained from experiments in time and space.

关键词： Layer-integrated model groundwater solute transport finite analytic method heterogeneous media

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha blockage therapy impairs hepatitis B viral clearance and enhances T-cell exhaustion in a mouse model

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2015年第3期12卷 317-325页

作者： Hsu Chyuan Hwei-Fang tsai Horng-Tay Tzeng chi-Chang Sung chien-Sheng Wu Pei-Jer Chen Ping-Ning Hsu Department of Internal Medicine Cathay General Hospital Taipei Taiwan China Department of Internal Medicine Taipei Medical University 5iquang HOHospital Taipei Taiwan China Institute of Clinical Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan China Graduate Institute ofImmunology College of Medicine National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan China Department of Internal Medicine Far Eastern Memorial Hospital NewTaipei City Taiwan China Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine College of Medicine National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan China Departmentof Internal Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital Taipei Taiwan China These authors contributed equally to this work.

Hepatitis B virus （HBV） reactivation and recurrence are common in patients undergoing immunosuppression therapy. Tumor necrosis factor （TNF） blockage therapy is effective for the treatment of many autoimmune inflammatory diseases. However, the role of TNF-a blockage therapy in the innate and adaptive immune responses against HBV is still not clear. A detailed analysis of HBV infection under TNF-a blockage therapy is essential for the prophylaxis and therapy for HBV reactivation and recurrence. In this study, HBV clearance and T-cell responses were analyzed in a HBV-transfected mouse model under anti-TNF blockage therapy. Our results demonstrated that under TNF-a blockage therapy, HBV viral clearance was impaired with persistent elevated HBV viral load in a dose- and temporal-dependent manner. The impairment of HBV clearance under anti-TNF-a blockage therapy occurred at early time points after HBV infection. In addition, TNF-a blockade maintained a higher serum HBV viral load and increased the number of intrahepatic programmed cell death （PD）- 1highCD127low exhausted T cells. Furthermore, TNF-a blockade abolished Toll-like receptor 9 （TLR9） ligand-induced facilitation of HBV viral clearance. Taken together, TNF-a blockade impairs HBV clearance and enhances viral load, and these effects depend on early administration after HBV infection. Our results here demonstrate that early TNF-a blockade reduces viral clearance and persistently maintains elevated HBV viral load in a mouse model, suggesting that HBV may reactivate during theraoy with TNF-a-blocking agents.

关键词： HBV viral load hepatitis B virus tumor necrosis factor

FANCA D1359Y mutation in a patient with gastric polyposis and cancer susceptibility: A case report and review of literature

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第38期24卷 4412-4418页

作者： Jeffrey Peng Huang Johnson Lin chi-Yuan Tzen Wen-Yu Huang chia-chi tsai chih-Jen Chen Yen-Jung Lu Kuei-Fang Chou Ying-Wen Su Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology Department of Internal Medicine Mackay Memorial Hospital Department of Pathology Mackay Memorial Hospital Laboratory of Good Clinical Research Center Mackay Memorial Hospital Tamsui Branch Department of General Surgery Mackay Memorial Hospital Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal Medicine Mackay Memorial Hospital ACT Genomics Co. Ltd.

Gastric polyposis is a rare disease. Not all polyps progress to cancer. Monoallelic mutation in Fanconi anemia(FA) genes, unlike biallelic gene mutations that causes typical FA phenotype, can increase risks of cancers in a sporadic manner. Aberrations in the FA pathway were reported in all molecular subtypes of gastric cancer. We studied a patient with synchronous gastric cancer from gastric polyposis by conducting a 13-year long-term follow up. Via pathway-driven massive parallel genomic sequencing, a germline mutation at FANCA D1359Y was identified. We identified several recurrent mutations in DNA methylation(TET1, V873I), the β-catenin pathway(CTNNB1, S45F) and RHO signaling pathway(PLEKHG5, R203C) by comparing the genetic events between benign and malignant gastric polyps. Furthermore, we revealed gastric polyposis susceptible genes and genetic events promoting malignant transformation using pathway-driven targeted gene sequencing.

关键词： Gastric polyposis Gastric cancer Adenocarcinoma Fanconi’s anemia Malignant transformation

Statin use and the risk of colorectal cancer: A population-based case-control study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第47期17卷 5197-5202页

作者： Meng-Hsuan Cheng hui-Fen chiu Shu-Chen Ho Shang-Shyue tsai Trong-Neng Wu Chun-Yuh Yang Division of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine Department of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Graduate Institute of Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Department of Internal Medicine PingTung HospitalDepartment of Health Executive Yuan Institute of Pharmacology College of Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Institute of Occupational Safety and Health College of Health Sciences Kaohsiung Medical University Department of Healthcare Administration I-Shou University Department of Public Health China Medical University Division of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine National Health Research Institute Faculty of Public Health College of Health Sciences Kaohsiung Medical University

AIM: To investigate whether the use of statins is associated with colorectal cancer risk. METHODS: We conducted a population-based case-control study in Taiwan. Data were retrospectively collected from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. Cases consisted of all patients who were aged 50 years and older and had a first-time diagnosis of colorectal cancer between the period 2005 and 2008. The controls were matched to cases by age, sex, and index date. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using multiple logistic regression. RESULTS: We examined 1156 colorectal cancer cases and 4624 controls. The unadjusted ORs for any statin prescription was 1.10 (95% CI = 0.94-1.30) and the adjusted OR was 1.09 (95% CI = 0.91-1.30). When statin use was categorized by cumulative dose, the adjusted ORs were 0.99 (95% CI = 0.78-1.27) for the group with cumulative statin use below 105 defined daily doses (DDDs); 1.07 (95% CI = 0.78-1.49) for the group with cumulative statin use between 106 and 298.66 DDDs; and 1.30 (95% CI = 0.96-1.75) for the group with cumulative statin use of 298.66 DDDs or more compared with nonusers. CONCLUSION: This study does not provide support for a protective effect of statins against colorectal cancer.

关键词： Case-control study Colorectal cancer Phar-macoepidemiology Statins

Recovery and stabilization of heavy metal sludge (Cu and Ni) from etching and electroplating plants by electrolysis and sintering

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Science china Chemistry 2009年第5期52卷 644-651页

作者： tsai LungChang tsai FangChang Graduate School of Environment and Safety Engineering National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials Hubei University Faculty of Material Science and Engineering Hubei University

This work dealt with the recovery and stabilization of the sludge with heavy metals (Cu and Ni) produced from etching and electroplating plants. The heavy metals in the sludge were deprived of by acid leaching, followed by precipitation with 28% NH4OH, and finally by electrolysis. In the electrolysis, the recovery percentage and purity were investigated at different electronic currency and temperature. The metal-deprived sludge was stabilized by mixing with glass powder and clay, followed by sintering at high temperature. How the ratio of glass powder to metal-deprived sludge affected final products (sludge bricks) was explored, in terms of specific gravity, absorption capacity, unconfined compressive strength, morphology, the volume shrinkage ratio and burn-up ratio. The volume shrinkage ratio and burn-up ratio of sludge bricks increased with metal-deprived sludge contents. The heavy metal remaining in sludge bricks was assessed through TCLP (toxicity characteristic leaching procedure) and by the analysis of SEM and EDX. The results from TCLP showed that the contents of leached metals were all below the regulatory criteria. This fact approved the feasibility of our method.

关键词： heavy metal sludge treatment stability electrolysis brick material toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP)

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Reflection of Typhoon Morakot-The Challenge of Compound Disaster Simulation

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Journal of Mountain Science 2011年第4期8卷 571-581页

作者： CHEN Yu-Shiu KUO Yu-Shu LAI Wen-chi tsai Yuan-Jung LEE Shin-Ping CHEN Kun-Ting SHIEH Chjeng-Lun Department of Hydraulic and Ocean Engineering National Cheng-Kung University Taiwan 7o1o1 China Disaster Prevention Research Institute National Cheng-Kung University Tainan Taiwan China

Climate change has altered locally singletype disasters to large-scale compound disasters because of increasing intensity and frequency of extreme rainfall *** compound disasters can combine small-scale floods,debris flows,shallow landslides,deep-seated landslides,and landslide lakes into a large-scale single disaster *** simulation models and evaluation tools are available for single-type disasters,no single model is well developed for compound disasters due to the difficulty of handling the interrelationship between two successive single-type *** study proposes a structure for linking available single-type simulation models to evaluate compound disasters and provides a useful tool of decision making for warning and planning of disaster reduction.

关键词： Typhoon Morakot Compound disaster Hsiaolin Village

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Asialo GM1-positive liver-resident CD8 T cells that express CD44 and LFA-1 are essential for immune clearance of hepatitis B virus

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第7期18卷 1772-1782页

作者： chi-Chang Sung Jau-Hau Horng Shih-Hong Siao I-Tsu Chyuan Hwei-Fang tsai Pei-Jer Chen Ping-Ning Hsu Graduate Institute of Immunology College of MedicineNational Taiwan UniversityTaipeiChina Graduate Institute of Microbiology College of MedicineNational Taiwan UniversityTaipeiChina Department of Internal Medicine Cathay General HospitalTaipeiChina School of Medicine College of MedicineFu Jen Catholic UniversityNew Taipei CityChina Department of Internal Medicine Taipei Medical University Shuang Ho HospitalTaipeiChina Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine College of MedicineNational Taiwan UniversityTaipeiChina Department of Internal Medicine National Taiwan University HospitalTaipeiChina

Persistent hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection results in chronic liver diseases that may progress to chronic hepatitis,liver cirrhosis,and subsequent hepatocellular *** studies demonstrated that adaptive immunity,in particular CD8 T cells,is critical in HBV *** studies have revealed a distinct tissue-localized T cell lineage,tissue-resident memory(TRM)cells,that is crucial for protective immunity in peripheral *** this study,we showed that treatment with an anti-asialo GM1(ASGM1)antibody(Ab),which depletes NK cells,led to impairment of HBV clearance in a mouse animal ***,the ability to clear HBV was not significantly impaired in NFIL3 KO mice,which are deficient in NK cells,implying that other non-NK ASGM1-positive immune cells mediate HBV *** isolated intrahepatic ASGM1-positive cells from NFIL3 KO mice and analyzed the immune phenotype of these *** results demonstrated a distinct population of CD44+LFA-1hi CD8 T cells that were the major intrahepatic ASGM1-positive immune cells in NFIL3 KO ***,transcriptome analysis revealed that these ASGM1-positive CD8 T cells had distinct gene profiles and shared a similar core gene signature with TRM *** addition to both transcriptional and phenotypic liver residency characteristics,ASGM1-positive CD8 T cells were able to home to and be retained in the liver after adoptive *** together,our study results indicate that these ASGM1-positive liver-resident CD8 T cells are the major effector immune cells mediating anti-HBV immunity.

关键词： asialo GM-1 liver-resident CD8 T cells HBV clearance

Protective effects of Ginkgo biloba extract on the ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第24期11卷 3746-3750页

作者： Sheng-Hsuan Chen Yu-chih Liang Jane CJ Chao Li-Hsueh tsai Chun-Chao Chang chia-chi Wang Shiann Pan Department and Research Center of Gastroenterology Graduate Institute of Biomedical Technology School of Nutrition and Health Sciences Department of Physiology Department of Gastroenterology

AIM: To evaluate the preventive effect of Ginkgo biloba extract (GbE) on ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injuries in rats. METHODS: Female Wistar albino rats were used for the studies. We randomly divided the rats for each study into five subgroups: normal control, experimental control, and three experimental groups. The gastric ulcers were induced by instilling 1 mL 50% ethanol into the stomach. We gave GbE 8.75,17.5,26.25 mg/kg intravenously to the experimental groups respectively 30 min prior to the ulcerative challenge. We removed the stomachs 45 min later. The gastric ulcers, gastric mucus and the content of non-protein sulfhydryl groups (NP-SH), malondialdehyde (MDA), c-Jun kinase (JNK) activity in gastric mucosa were evaluated. The amount of gastric juice and its acidity were also measured. RESULTS: The findings of our study are as follows: (1) GbE pretreatment was found to provide a dose-dependent protection against the ethanol-induced gastric ulcers in rats; (2) the GbE pretreatment afforded a dose-dependent inhibition of ethanol-induced depletion of stomach wall mucus, NP-SH contents and increase in the lipid peroxidation (increase MDA) in gastric tissue; (3) gastric ulcer induced by ethanol produced an increase in JNK activity in gastric mucosa which also significantly inhibited by pretreatment with GbE; and (4) GbE alone had no inhibitory effect on gastric secretion in pylorus-ligated rats. CONCLUSION: The finding of this study showed that GbE significantly inhibited the ethanol-induced gastric lesions in rats. We suggest that the preventive effect of GbE may be mediated through: (1) inhibition of lipid peroxidation; (2) preservation of gastric mucus and NP-SH; and (3) blockade of cell apoptosis.

关键词： Ginkgo biloba extract Ethanol Gastric ulcer c-Jun kinase

Development of the Polymeric Grating -Waveguide for OADM Components

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光学学报 2003年第S1期23卷 225-226页

作者： Ruey Fang Shyu Hsiharng Yang Wei-Chung Chuang Feng-tsai Weng chi-Ting Ho Department of Mechanical Manufacturing Engineering Huwei Institute of Technology Yunlin Taiwan 632Institute of Precision Engineering Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan 402Department of Optoelectronics Huwei Institute of Technology Yunlin Taiwan 632Institute of Precision Engineering Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan 402Department of Mechanical Design Engineering Huwei Institute of Technology Yunlin Taiwan 632

The paper presents the design and simulation of a new polymeric grating-waveguide for the optical add-drop multiplexer (OADM) by using two pairs of grating-frustrated directional couplers. Design theory and simulation... 详细信息

关键词： OADM on Development of the Polymeric Grating for Waveguide for OADM Components Figure of

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