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Parameterization of below-cloud scavenging for polydisperse fine mode aerosols as a function of rain intensity

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第10期132卷 43-55页

作者： Chang Hoon jung Hyung-Min Lee Dasom park Young Jun Yoon Yongjoo Choi Junshik Um Seoung Soo Lee Ji Yi Lee Yong Pyo Kim Department of Health Management Kyungin Women’s UniversityIncheon 21041Korea Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Ewha Woman’s UniversitySeoulKorea Department of Environmental Engineering Konkuk UniversitySeoulKorea Korea Polar Research Institute IncheonKorea Department of Environment Hankuk University of Foreign StudiesYonginKorea Department of Atmospheric Sciences Pusan National UniversityBusanKorea Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center University of MarylandCollege ParkMDUSA Research Center for Climate Sciences Pusan National UniversityBusanKorea Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Ewha Womans UniversitySeoulKorea

The below-cloud aerosol scavenging process by precipitation is one of the most important mechanisms to remove aerosols from the atmosphere.Due to its complexity and dependence on both aerosol and raindrop sizes,wet scavenging process has been poorly treated,especially during the removal of fine particles.This makes the numerical simulation of below-cloud scavenging in large-scale aerosolmodels unrealistic.To consider the slip effects of submicron particles,a simplified expression for the diffusion scavenging was developed by approximating the Cunningham slip correction factor.The derived analytic solution was parameterized as a simple power function of rain intensity under the assumption of the lognormal size distribution of particles.The resultant approximated expression was compared to the observed data and the results of previous studies including a 3D atmospheric chemical transport model simulation.Compared with the default GEOS-Chem coefficient of 0.00106R0.61 and the observation-based coefficient of 0.0144R0.9268,the coefficient of a and b in∧m=aRb spread in the range of 0.0002-0.1959 for a and 0.3261-0.525 for b over a size distribution of GSD of 1.3–2.5 and a geometric mean diameter of 0.01-2.5μm.Overall,this study showed that the scavenging coefficient varies widely by orders of magnitude according to the size distribution of particles and rain intensity.This study also demonstrated that the obtained simplified expression could consider the theoretical approach of aerosol polydispersity.Our proposed analytic approach showed that results can be effectively applied for reduced computational burden in atmospheric modeling.

关键词： Below-cloud scavenging Polydisperse aerosol Parameterization Cunningham correction factor Scavenging coefficient

Rice pollen-specific OsRALF17 and OsRALF19 are essential for pollen tube growth

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植物学报:英文版 2023年第9期65卷 2218-2236页

作者： Eui‐jung Kim Ji‐Hyun Kim Woo‐Jong Hong Eun Young Kim Myung‐Hee Kim Su Kyoung Lee Cheol Woo Min Sun Tae Kim Soon Ki park Ki‐Hong jung Yu‐Jin Kim Graduate School of Green Bio‐Science&Crop Biotech Institute Kyung Hee UniversityYongin 17104Republic of Korea Department of Life Science and Environmental Biochemistry Life and Industry Convergence Research InstitutePusan National UniversityMiryang 50463Republic of Korea Department of Smart Farm Science Kyung Hee UniversityYongin 17104Republic of Korea School of Applied Biosciences Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Republic of Korea Genomics Division Department of Agricultural Bio‐ResourcesNational Institute of Agricultural SciencesRural Development AdministrationJeonju 54874Republic of Korea Department of Plant Bioscience Pusan National UniversityMiryang 50463Republic of Korea Research Center for Plant Plasticity Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea

Pollen tube growth is essential for successful double fertilization, which is critical for grain yield in crop plants. Rapid alkalinization factors(RALFs) function as ligands for signal transduction during fertilization. However, functional studies on RALF in monocot plants are lacking.Herein, we functionally characterized two pollen-specific RALFs in rice(Oryza sativa) using multiple clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9-induced loss-of-function mutants,peptide treatment, expression analyses, and tag reporter lines. Among the 41 RALF members in rice, OsRALF17 was specifically expressed at the highest level in pollen and pollen tubes.Exogenously applied OsRALF17 or OsRALF19peptide inhibited pollen tube germination and elongation at high concentrations but enhanced tube elongation at low concentrations, indicating growth regulation. Double mutants of OsRALF17 and OsRALF19(ralf17/19) exhibited almost full male sterility with defects in pollen hydration, germination, and tube elongation,which was partially recovered by exogenous treatment with OsRALF17 peptide. This study revealed that two partially functionally redundant OsRALF17 and OsRALF19 bind to Oryza sativa male-gene transfer defective 2(OsMTD2) and transmit reactive oxygen species signals for pollen tube germination and integrity maintenance in rice. Transcriptomic analysis confirmed their common downstream genes, in osmtd2 and ralf17/19. This study provides new insights into the role of RALF, expanding our knowledge of the biological role of RALF in regulating rice fertilization.

关键词： CRISPR-Cas9 CrRLK1L monocot Oryza sativa pollen tube growth rapid alkalinization factor(RALF)

On ev and ve-Degree Based Topological Indices of Silicon Carbides

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2022年第2期130卷 871-885页

作者： jung Rye Lee Aftab Hussain Asfand Fahad Ali Raza Muhammad Imran Qureshi Abid Mahboob Choonkil park Department of Data Science Daejin UniversityKyunggi11159Korea Department of Mathematics King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics COMSATS University IslamabadVehari61110Pakistan Department of Mathematics Division of Science&TechnologyUniversity of EducationLahorePakistan Research Institute for Natural Sciences Hanyang UniversitySeoul04763Korea

In quantitative structure-property relationship(QSPR)and quantitative structure-activity relationship(QSAR)studies,computation of topological indices is a vital tool to predict biochemical and physio-chemical properties of chemical structures.Numerous topological indices have been inaugurated to describe different topological features.The ev and ve-degree are recently introduced novelties,having stronger prediction ability.In this article,we derive formulae of the ev-degree and ve-degree based topological indices for chemical structure of Si_(2)C_(3)−I[a,b].

关键词： Topological indices silicon carbide ev-degree ve-degree

Utilizing hybrid faradaic mechanism via catalytic and surface interactions for high-performance flexible energy storage system

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能源化学:英文版 2023年第8期83卷 541-548,I0013页

作者： Dong-Gyu Lee Hyeonggeun Choi Yeonsu park Min-Cheol Kim Jong Bae park Suok Lee Younghyun Cho Wook Ahn A-Rang Jang jung Inn Sohn John Hong Young-Woo Lee Department of Energy Engineering Soonchunhyang UniversityAsan 31538Republic of Korea Division of Physics and Semiconductor Science Dongguk University-SeoulSeoul 04620Republic of Korea Jeonju Centre Korea Basic Science InstituteJeonju 54907Republic of Korea Division of Electrical Electronic and Control EngineeringKongju National UniversityCheonan 31080Republic of Korea School of Materials Science and Engineering Kookmin UniversitySeoul 02707Republic of Korea

Improving the capacitance and energy density is a significant challenge while developing practical and flexible energy storage system(ESS).Redox mediators(RMs),as redox-active electrolyte additives,can provide additional energy storing capability via electrochemical faradaic contribution on electrodes for high-performance flexible ESSs.Particularly,determining effective material combinations between electrodes and RMs is essential for maximizing surface faradaic redox reactions for energy-storage performance.In this study,an electrode-RM system comprising heterostructured hybrid(carbon fiber(CF)/MnO_(2)) faradaic electrodes and iodine RMs(I-RMs) in a redox-active electrolyte is investigated.The CF/MnO_(2)with the 1-RMs(CF/MnO_(2)-I) induces dominant catalytic faradaic interaction with the I-RMs,significantly enhancing the surface faradaic kinetics and increasing the overall energy-storage performance.The CF/MnO_(2)-I ESSs show a 12.6-fold(or higher) increased volumetric energy density of 793.81 mWh L^(-1)at a current of 10 μA relative to ESSs using CF/MnO_(2)without I-RMs(CF/MnO_(2)).Moreover,the CF/MnO_(2)-I retains 93.1% of its initial capacitance after 10,000 cycles,validating the excellent cyclability.Finally,the flexibility of the ESSs is tested at different bending angles(180° to 0°),demonstrating its feasibility for flexible and high-wear environments.Therefore,CF/MnO_(2)electrodes present a practical material combination for high-performance flexible energy-storage devices owing to the catalytic faradaic interaction with I-RMs.

关键词： Energy storage system Redox mediators Faradaic electrodes Catalytic interactions Mechanical stability

Risk factors for computed tomography interpretation discrepancy in emergently transferred patients

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2022年第1期13卷 54-58页

作者： Hyun Sim Lee Jinwoo Myung Min Ji Choi Hye jung Shin Incheol park Sung Phil Chung Ji Hoon Kim Department of Emergency Nursing Yonsei University Health systemSeoul 03722the Republic of Korea Department of Emergency Medicine College of MedicineYonsei UniversitySeoul 03722the Republic of Korea Department of Biostatistics Collaboration Unit College of MedicineYonsei UniversitySeoul 03722the Republic of Korea Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health College of MedicineYonsei UniversitySeoul 03722the Republic of Korea

Radiologic imaging is a diagnostic tool that greatly affects patient outcomes,[1]and with the recent development of imaging technology,advanced imaging tests such as computed tomography(CT)have gained widespread accessibility in hospitals.In particular,CT is essential in the evaluation of patients in low-level emergency departments(EDs)because of its ability to answer clinical questions accurately and quickly.[2]

关键词： patients transferred clinical

Gold nanoparticle-assisted delivery of brain-derived neurotrophic factor to cerebral organoids

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Nano Research 2022年第4期15卷 3099-3105页

作者： Sung Bum park Hye-Jin Cho Sang Rin Moon Kyoung Jin Choi Won Hoon jung Ki Young Kim Byumseok Koh Therapeutics and Biotechnology Division Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology141 Gajeong-roYuseong-guDaejeon 34114Republic of Korea Chemical Platform Technology Division Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology141 Gajeong-roYuseong-guDaejeon 34114Republic of Korea

Gold nanoparticle(AuNP)-assisted delivery of proteins/drugs to cells or in vivo systems has long been studied.However,their interaction with in vivo mimicking organoids is still largely unknown.Here,we conjugated brain-derived neurotropic factor(BDNF)to the AuNP surface and monitored how AuNP-BDNF interacts with cerebral organoids.Data suggest that AuNP-BDNF can successfully enter cerebral organoids and can be found up to 15.21μm inside cerebral organoids.AuNP-BDNF does not induce significant cytotoxicity to cerebral organoids at concentrations up to 2 nM and increases the expression of 75 genes compared to control cerebral organoids.These data suggest the successful delivery of BDNF through AuNP-BDNF conjugation in cerebral organoids,and the conjugation can affect its differentiation.

关键词： gold nanoparticles cerebral organoids delivery penetration differentiation viability

Novel Analysis of Two Kinds Hybrid Models in Ferro Martial Inserting Variable Lorentz Force Past a Heated Disk:An Implementation of Finite Element Method

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2023年第5期135卷 1393-1411页

作者： Enran Hou Umar Nazir Samaira Naz Muhammad Sohail Muhammad Nadeem jung Rye Lee Choonkil park Ahmed MGalal College of Mathematics Huaibei Normal UniversityHuaibei235000China Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics Institute of Space TechnologyP.O.Box 2750Islamabad44000Pakistan Department of Mathematics Government College University FaisalabadFaisalabad38000Pakistan Department of Mathematics Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering&Information TechnologyRahim Yar Khan64200Pakistan School of Mathematics and Statistics Qujing Normal UniersityQujing655011China Department of Data Science Daejin UniversityKyunggi11159Korea Research Institute for Natural Sciences Hanyang UniversitySeoul04763Korea Mechanical Engineering Department College of EngineeringPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityWadi Addawaser11991Saudi Arabia Production Engineering and Mechanical Design Department Faculty of EngineeringMansoura UniversityMansouraP.O 35516Egypt

In this article,the rheology of Ferro-fluid over an axisymmetric heated disc with a variable magnetic field by considering the dispersion of hybrid nanoparticles is considered.The flow is assumed to be produced by the stretching of a rotating heated disc.The contribution of variable thermophysical properties is taken to explore themomentum,mass and thermal transportation.The concept of boundary layermechanismis engaged to reduce the complex problem into a simpler one in the form of coupled partial differential equations system.The complex coupled PDEs are converted into highly nonlinear coupled ordinary differential equations system(ODEs)and the resulting nonlinear flow problem is handled numerically.The solution is obtained via finite element procedure(FEP)and convergence is established by conducting the grid-independent survey.The solution of converted dimensionless problem containing fluid velocity,temperature and concentration field is plotted against numerous involved emerging parameters and their impact is noted.From the obtained solution,it is monitored that higher values of magnetic parameter retard the fluid flow and escalating values of Eckert number results in to enhance temperature profile.Ferro-fluid flow and heat energy for the case of the Yamada Ota hybrid model are higher than for the case of the Hamilton Crosser hybrid model.Developing a model is applicable to the printing process,electronic devices,temperature measurements,engineering process and food-making process.The amount of mass species is reduced vs.incline impacts of chemical reaction and Schmidt parameter.

关键词： Ferro-fluid non-constant magnetic field heated disc thermal properties of nanoparticles hybrid correlations among nanoparticles

Antiphospholipid syndrome with renal and splenic infarction after blunt trauma:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第26期10卷 9404-9410页

作者： Na-A Lee Eui-Sung Jeong Hyun-Seok Jang Yun-Chul park Ji-Hyoun Kang jung-Chul Kim Young-Goun Jo Division of Trauma Department of SurgeryChonnam National University Medical School and HospitalGwangju 61469South Korea Division of Rheumatology Department of Internal MedicineChonnam National University Medical School and HospitalGwangju 61469South Korea

BACKGROUND In trauma patients,bleeding is an immediate major concern.At the same time,there are few cases of acute vascular occlusion after blunt trauma,and it is unclear what assessment and diagnosis should be considered for these cases.Herein,we describe a patient diagnosed with antiphospholipid syndrome after a hypercoagulable workup for acute renal and splenic vascular occlusion due to blunt trauma.CASE SUMMARY A 20-year-old man was admitted to the emergency department with abdominal pain after hitting a tree while riding a sled 10 h ago.He had no medical history.Radiological investigations revealed occlusion of the left renal artery with global infarction of the left kidney and occlusion of branches of the splenic artery with infarction of the central portion of the spleen.Attempted revascularization of the left renal artery occlusion through percutaneous transluminal angioplasty failed due to difficulty in passing the wire through the total occlusion.Considering the presence of acute multivascular occlusions in a young man with low cardiovascular risk,additional laboratory tests were performed to evaluate hypercoagulability.The results suggested a high possibility of antiphospholipid syndrome.Treatment with a subcutaneous injection of enoxaparin was started and changed to oral warfarin after two weeks.The diagnosis was confirmed,and he continued to visit the rheumatology outpatient clinic while taking warfarin.CONCLUSION A hypercoagulable workup can be considered in trauma patients with acute multivascular occlusion,especially in young patients with low cardiovascular risk.

关键词： Wounds and injuries Wounds Nonpenetrating Antiphospholipid syndrome Renal artery obstruction Splenic infarction Case reports

Accelerated biodegradation of iron-based implants via tantalum-implanted surface nanostructures

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Bioactive Materials 2022年第3期7卷 239-250页

作者： Min-Kyu Lee Hyun Lee Cheonil park In-Gu Kang Jinyoung Kim Hyoun-Ee Kim Hyun-Do jung Tae-Sik Jang Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul08826Republic of Korea Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL60208USA Department of Biomedical-Chemical Engineering Catholic University of KoreaBucheon14662Republic of Korea Department of Biotechnology The Catholic University of KoreaBucheon14662Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Chosun UniversityGwangju61452Republic of Korea

In recent years,pure iron(Fe)has attracted significant attention as a promising biodegradable orthopedic implant material due to its excellent mechanical and biological properties.However,in physiological conditions,Fe has an extremely slow degradation rate with localized and irregular degradation,which is problematic for practical applications.In this study,we developed a novel combination of a nanostructured surface topography and galvanic reaction to achieve uniform and accelerated degradation of an Fe implant.The target-ion induced plasma sputtering(TIPS)technique was applied on the Fe implant to introduce biologically compatible and electrochemically noble tantalum(Ta)onto its surface and develop surface nano-galvanic couples.Electrochemical tests revealed that the uniformly distributed nano-galvanic corrosion cells of the TIPS-treated sample(nano Ta-Fe)led to relatively uniform and accelerated surface degradation compared to that of bare Fe.Furthermore,the mechanical properties of nano Ta-Fe remained almost constant during a long-term in vitro immersion test(~40 weeks).Biocompatibility was also assessed on surfaces of bare Fe and nano Ta-Fe using in vitro osteoblast responses through direct and indirect contact assays and an in vivo rabbit femur medullary cavity implantation model.The results revealed that nano Ta-Fe not only enhanced cell adhesion and spreading on its surface,but also exhibited no signs of cellular or tissue toxicity.These results demonstrate the immense potential of Ta-implanted surface nanostructures as an effective solution for the practical application of Fe-based orthopedic implants,ensuring long-term biosafety and clinical efficacy.

关键词： Iron Tantalum Ion implantation Biodegradation Orthopedic implants