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Rapid testing methods for food contaminants and toxicants

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第11期14卷 2243-2264页

作者： Jiachi Chiou Arthur ho hon leung Hang Wai Lee wing-tak Wong Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology Food Safety and Technology Research CenterThe Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Food Biological Safety Control Food Safety and Technology Research CentreThe Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute

Food safety is one of the major concerns in every country regardless of the economic and social development. The frequent occurrence of food scandals in the world has led the Chinese government to implement several strategies to fortify the food supply system to a high food safety standard. This relies heavily on laboratory testing services but conventional methods for detection of food contaminants and toxicants are limited by sophisticated sample preparation procedures, long analysis time, large instruments and professional personnel to meet the increasing demands. In this review, we have incorporated most of the current and potential rapid detection methods for many notorious food contaminants and toxicants including microbial agents, toxic ions, pesticides, veterinary drugs and preservatives, as well as detection of genetically modified food genes and adulterated edible oil. Development of rapid, accurate, easy-to-use and affordable testing methods could urge food handlers and the public to actively screen for food contaminants and toxicants instead of passively relying on monitoring by the government examination facility. This review also provides several recommendations including how to encourage the public to engage in the food safety management system and provide optimal education and financial assistance that may improve the current Chinese food safety control system.

关键词： rapid testing food contaminants and toxins microbial agents pesticides veterinary drugs preservatives formaldehyde nitrite nitrate test strips

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自来水中的药物:中国人类健康风险评估及监测建议框架

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环境与职业医学 2013年第10期30卷 773-773页

作者： ho wing leung Ling Jin Si Wei Mirabelle Mei Po Tsui Bingsheng Zhou Liping Jiao Pak Chuen Cheung Yiu Kan Chun Margaret Burkhardt Murphy Paul Kwan Sing Lam

[背景]在世界范围内,已知药品会污染自来水,但是在中国尚无相关的人类健康风险评估。[目的]监测中国自来水中的32种药品,并评估暴露的终身人类健康风险,以便为未来的优先级管理和风险管理提供信息。[方法]作者分析来自13个城市的样本(n=... 详细信息

[背景]在世界范围内,已知药品会污染自来水,但是在中国尚无相关的人类健康风险评估。[目的]监测中国自来水中的32种药品,并评估暴露的终身人类健康风险,以便为未来的优先级管理和风险管理提供信息。[方法]作者分析来自13个城市的样本(n=113),并将检测到的浓度与现有或新得出的安全水平进行比较,以评估除产前期以外不同生命阶段的风险商数(RQs)。[结果]在89%的样本中检测到17种药品,大多数(92%)检出浓度<50ng/L。在≥20%的样本中检测到咖啡因(中等～最大浓度,24.4～564ng/L)、甲硝唑(1.8～19.3ng/L)、水杨酸(16.6～41.2ng/L)、氯贝酸(1.2～3.3ng/L)、卡马咪嗪(1.3～6.7ng/L)、二甲硝咪唑(6.9～14.7ng/L)。由于自来水中检测到药品水平及阳性频率均高,长江中下游地区城市和广州被视为受药品污染的重点区域。在检测到的17种药品中,13种为极低风险水平,但4种药品(二甲硝咪唑、甲砜霉素、磺胺二甲基嘧啶和克拉霉素)至少在一个生命阶段的RQ≥0.01,尤其是婴幼儿和儿童阶段,应被视为管理的高度优先级。本文提出了一个基于指标的监测框架,为中国的药品来源识别、水处理效果及水安全管理提供信息。[结论]中国的自来水是人体药品暴露另外的一个路径,特别是二甲硝咪唑,尽管基于当前的毒性数据,它对人体健康是低风险的。药品检测和监测建议框架可用于在中国和其他地方的水源保护和风险管理。

关键词：中国指标生命阶段药品风险管理自来水

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An instrumental variable approach to unveiling the determinants of flatted factory rent in hong Kong

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Economic and Political Studies 2020年第1期8卷 115-138页

作者： Alex wing ho Yiu Terence Tai leung Chong Department of Economics The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Lau Chor Tak Institute of Global Economics and Finance The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina

The early period of industrialisation in the hong Kong SAR occurred during the 1950s–*** were engaged in labour-intensive manufacturing processes with the assistance of machines in factory *** the 1980s,manufacturers in hong Kong have faced keen competition from neighbouring economies,amidst the rising costs of land and ***,since the adoption of an opening-up policy by the Chinese mainland since 1978,more and more local manufacturers in hong Kong have relocated their production processes to the mainland so as to take advantage of the lower factor *** a result,the contribution of the manufacturing sector to GDP declined from around 20%in 1986 to 2.7%in 2006 and further decreased to merely 1.1%in ***,there has been a general upward trend of real flatted factory1 rent in hong Kong in the past *** study,via a threshold regression,demonstrates that not only demand from the retail property rental market has been a factor in the increase of factory rent,but demands from the office rental market and local households have also contributed to the recent rise in real factory rent since 2006 Q1.

关键词： Factory rent retail property rent office rent tourism instrumental variable

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Solvent-Assisted Supramolecular Assembly of Cyclotetrasiloxane– Functionalized Alkynylplatinum(II) Terpyridine Complexes

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CCS Chemistry 2019年第5期1卷 464-475页

作者： ho-leung Au-Yeung Sammual Yu-Lut leung Vivian wing-Wah Yam and Department of Chemistry The University of Hong KongPokfulam RoadHong KongChina

Our present study demonstrated and explored the solvent effects on the association mechanism of the supramolecular nanomaterials in a series of cyclo-tetrasiloxane-appended alkynylplatinum(II)terpyri-dine *** the delicate balance of molecular interactions,some of these complexes were found to exhibit molecular association prop-erties,with possible morphological transformation in response to solvent polarities.

关键词： supramolecular cyclotetrasiloxane plati-num solvent effects hydrophobic interaction nanomaterial metal-metal interactions noncova-lent interaction supramolecular polymerization mechanism

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A Sub-Grid Structure Enhanced Discontinuous Galerkin Method for Multiscale Diffusion and Convection-Diffusion Problems

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Communications in Computational Physics 2013年第7期14卷 370-392页

作者： Eric T.Chung wing Tat leung Department of Mathematics The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong

In this paper,we present an efficient computational methodology for diffusion and convection-diffusion problems in highly heterogeneous media as well as convection-dominated diffusion *** is well known that the numerical computation for these problems requires a significant amount of computermemory and ***,the solutions to these problems typically contain a coarse component,which is usually the quantity of interest and can be represented with a small number of degrees of *** are many methods that aim at the computation of the coarse component without resolving the full details of the *** proposed method falls into the framework of interior penalty discontinuous Galerkin method,which is proved to be an effective and accurate class of methods for numerical solutions of partial differential equations.A distinctive feature of our method is that the solution space contains two components,namely a coarse space that gives a polynomial approximation to the coarse component in the traditional way and a multiscale space which contains sub-grid structures of the solution and is essential to the computation of the coarse *** addition,stability of the method is *** numerical results indicate that the method can accurately capture the coarse behavior of the solution for problems in highly heterogeneous media as well as boundary and internal layers for convection-dominated problems.

关键词： Multiscale problem sub-grid capturing multiscale basis function boundary layer internal layer

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Identification of novel small-molecule inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 by chemical genetics

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第9期14卷 4028-4044页

作者： Chris Chun-Yiu Chan Qian Guo Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan Kaiming Tang Jian-Piao Cai Kenn Ka-Heng Chik Yixin Huang Mei Dai Bo Qin Chon Phin Ong Allen wing-ho Chu Wan-Mui Chan Jonathan Daniel Ip Lei Wen Jessica Oi-Ling Tsang Tong-Yun Wang Yubin Xie Zhenzhi Qin Jianli Cao Zi-Wei Ye Hin Chu Kelvin Kai-Wang To Xing-Yi Ge Tao Ni Dong-Yan Jin Sheng Cui Kwok-Yung Yuen Shuofeng Yuan State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases Carol Yu Centre for InfectionDepartment of MicrobiologySchool of Clinical MedicineLi Ka Shing Faculty of Medicinethe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong SAR 999077China Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology the University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen 518000China Centre for Virology Vaccinology and TherapeuticsHong Kong Science and Technology ParkHong Kong SAR 999077China Academician Workstation of Hainan Province Hainan Medical University-the University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious DiseasesHaikou 571100China School of Biomedical Sciences Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicinethe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong SAR 999077China NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens Institute of Pathogen Biology Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China College of Biology Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical VirologyHunan UniversityChangsha 410082China

There are only eight approved small molecule antiviral drugs for treating *** them,four are nucleotide analogues(remdesivir,JT001,molnupiravir,and azvudine),while the other four are protease inhibitors(nirmatrelvir,ensitrelvir,leritrelvir,and simnotrelvir-ritonavir).Antiviral resistance,unfavourable drug‒drug interaction,and toxicity have been reported in previous *** there is a dearth of new treatment options for *** this work,a three-tier cell-based screening was employed to identify novel compounds with anti-SARS-CoV-2 *** compound,designated 172,demonstrated broad-spectrum antiviral activity against multiple human pathogenic coronaviruses and different SARS-CoV-2 variants of *** studies validated by reverse genetics showed that compound 172 inhibits the 3-chymotrypsin-like protease(3CLpro)by binding to an allosteric site and reduces 3CLpro dimerization.A drug synergistic checkerboard assay demonstrated that compound 172 can achieve drug synergy with nirmatrelvir in *** vivo studies confirmed the antiviral activity of compound 172 in both Golden Syrian Hamsters and K18 humanized ACE2 ***,this study identified an alternative druggable site on the SARS-CoV-23CLpro,proposed a potential combination therapy with nirmatrelvir to reduce the risk of antiviral resistance and shed light on the development of allosteric protease inhibitors for treating a range of coronavirus diseases.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 High throughput screening Broad-spectrum antiviral treatment 3CLpro inhibitor Allosteric-site inhibitor Animal models Chemical genetics Reverse genetics

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R-Memcached: A Reliable In-Memory Cache for Big Key-Value Stores

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2015年第6期20卷 560-573页

作者： Chengjian Liu Kai Ouyang Xiaowen Chu Hai Liu Yiu-wing leung Department of Computer Science Hong Kong Baptist University Institute of Research and Continuing Education Hong Kong Baptist University

Large-scale key-value stores are widely used in many Web-based systems to store huge amount of data as(key, value) pairs. In order to reduce the latency of accessing such(key, value) pairs, an in-memory cache system is usually deployed between the front-end Web system and the back-end database system. In practice, a cache system may consist of a number of server nodes, and fault tolerance is a critical feature to maintain the latency Service-Level Agreements(SLAs). In this paper, we present the design, implementation, analysis, and evaluation of R-Memcached, a reliable in-memory key-value cache system that is built on top of the popular Memcached software. R-Memcached exploits coding techniques to achieve reliability, and can tolerate up to two node *** experimental results show that R-Memcached can maintain very good latency and throughput performance even during the period of node failures.

关键词： in-memory cache fault tolerance key-value store

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污水监测追踪新冠病毒的时空动态变化（英文）

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Engineering 2024年第9期 70-77页

作者：郑夏婉 Kathy leung 徐晓庆邓妤张玉琳陈熙 Chung In Yau Kenny W.K.Hui Eddie Pak ho-Kwong Chui 杨绒 Hein Min Tun Gabriel Matthew leung Joseph Tsz Kei Wu Malik Peiris Leo Lit Man Poon 张彤 Environmental Microbiome Engineering and Biotechnology Lab Center for Environmental Engineering Research Department of Civil Engineering The University of Hong Kong Who Collaborating Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Control School of Public Health Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health Litd.(D24H) The University of hong Kong-Shenzhen hospital School of Public Health Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Drainage Services Department The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Environmental Protection Department The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong HKU-Pasteur Research Pole The University of Hong Kong

Wastewater surveillance（WWS） can leverage its wide coverage, population-based sampling, and high monitoring frequency to capture citywide pandemic trends independent of clinical surveillance. Here we conducted a nine months daily WWS for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2（SARS-CoV-2） from 12 wastewater treatment plants（WWTPs）, covering approximately 80% of the population,to monitor infection dynamics in hong Kong, China. We found that the SARS-CoV-2 virus concentration in wastewater was correlated with the daily number of reported cases and reached two pandemic peaks three days earlier during the study period. In addition, two different methods were established to estimate the prevalence/incidence rates from wastewater measurements. The estimated results from wastewater were consistent with findings from two independent citywide clinical surveillance programmes(rapid antigen test（RAT） surveillance and serology surveillance), but higher than the cases number reported by the Centre for Health Protection（CHP） of hong Kong, China. Moreover, the effective reproductive number（R_t） was estimated from wastewater measurements to reflect both citywide and regional transmission dynamics. Our findings demonstrate that large-scale intensive WWS from WWTPs provides cost-effective and timely public health information, especially when the clinical surveillance is inadequate and costly. This approach also provides insights into pandemic dynamics at higher spatiotemporal resolutions, facilitating the formulation of effective control policies and targeted resource allocation.

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一种基于深度学习的新型针灸针自动计数的云服务系统:提高针灸安全性的策略

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Digital Chinese Medicine 2024年第1期7卷 40-46页

作者：黄梓皓韦君逸陈海勇吴凤亮香港大学李嘉诚医学院中医药学院中国香港999077 Department of Mathematics and Statistics Georgetown UniversityWashington D.C.20057USA 香港理工大学康复科学系中国香港999077

目的病人针灸治疗时,漏针可能造成严重后果。为增强针灸安全性,本研究将开发一个基于深度学习的自动云端数针系统。方法本研究利用拍有针灸针的手机图片为曾预先训练的定向目标检测模型(Oriented R-CNN)进行转移学习,以开发一种能够自... 详细信息

目的病人针灸治疗时,漏针可能造成严重后果。为增强针灸安全性,本研究将开发一个基于深度学习的自动云端数针系统。方法本研究利用拍有针灸针的手机图片为曾预先训练的定向目标检测模型(Oriented R-CNN)进行转移学习,以开发一种能够自动计算图片中针灸针数量的目标检测算法。我们首先拍摄了一个包含590张图片的训练集以及一个包含1025张图片的验证集。随后在带有NVIDIA Tesla T4图形处理器(GPU)的Google Colab环境中部署了MMRotate工具箱为模型进行训练。我们将训练的模型与Telegram bot手机小程序界面集成,并评估模型的准确率、精确率和召回率。本小程序中云端数针系统的速度则以端到端处理时间计算。结果在每张图片20根针的验证集情景中,我们的定向检测模型在准确率、精确率和召回率上分别达到96.49%、99.98%和99.84%,平均端到端处理时间为1.535秒。结论这项云服务系统在速度、准确性和可靠性上的提升展示了深度学习物体检测技术改进针灸实践的潜力。

关键词：人工智能电脑视觉目标检测针灸病人安全

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Numerical study on the ozone formation inside street canyons using a chemistry box model

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2008年第7期20卷 832-837页

作者： Chun-ho Liu Dennis Y.C.leung Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong KongHong Kong.

Tropospheric ozone is a secondary air pollutant produced in the presence of nitrogen oxides (NO_x),volatile organic compounds (VOCs),and solar *** an urban environment,ground-level vehicular exhaust is the major anthropogenic source of ozone *** the cases of street canyons,pollutant dilution is weakened by the surrounding buildings that creates localized high concentration of NO_x and VOCs,and thus leads to high potential of ozone *** considering the major physical and chemical p...

关键词： volatile organic compounds VOCs-to-NO_x ratio air quality vehicular emission chemistry box model

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