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An Assessment of the Social, Cultural, and Economical Barriers to Option B+Retention and Their Solutions in Malawi: A Review

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World Journal of AIDS 2021年第1期11卷 15-24页

作者： Jamie Yoon David S. Chung Michelle kim Kunmin kim Sang heon Lee Tae Youn kim Hark Joon Lee Seog In Moon Jooheon Park Paul S. Chung Thomas Nyirenda School of Medical Boston University Boston USA Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine Blacksburg USA School of Medicine University of Virginia Charlottesville USA Youth with Talents Fairfax USA Department of Art & Science Biology Johns Hopkins University Baltimore USA Clinical Research Education and Management Service Lilongwe Malawi

Malawi has one of the highest rates of HIV prevalence in the world, and accounts for 4% of the total number of people living in sub-Saharan Africa with HIV. Approximately one million people in Malawi were living with HIV in 2016, with 24,000 HIV-related deaths. The Option B+ program, first implemented in Malawi, aimed to initiate ART for all pregnant women, regardless of their CD4 cell count or disease stage. This study serves to analyze and assess the effectiveness of Option B+ retention, in relation to the facilitation of how various social and cultural barriers were handled. A literature review of 29 publications was conducted. Careful evaluation of various studies indicates that although there is a myriad of reasons explaining low levels of retention, the women who were at the highest risk for low retention were young pregnant women who were treated on the same day of HIV-diagnosis. Solutions focused around women and their partners or communities showed promising evidence of success in increasing adherence, as these strategies likely provided women reliable social and emotional support to address major barriers to retention such as a lack of support from male partners, ineffective education from healthcare workers, or stigma towards their HIV disclosure statue.

关键词： HIV Option B+ Malawi Retention CHTC PMTCT

Leptomeningeal seeding after surgical resection or stereotactic radiosurgery for brain metastases: Analysis of risk factors

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Leptomeningeal seeding after surgical resection or stereotac...

侵袭性乳腺癌:术前MR成像评估瘤周水肿的预后价值

第五届韩-中神经肿瘤会议

作者： Jun Hyong Ahn Sang Hyun Lee heon Yoo Seung Hoon Lee Jungnam Joo Sohee kim Ho-Shin Gwak Department of Neurosurgery Seoul National University College of Medicine National Cancer Center Korea Department of diagnostic radiology National Cancer Center Korea Neuro-oncology Clinic and National Cancer Center Korea Department of Medical statistics National Cancer Center Korea

Background: Leptomeningeal seeding （LMS） is a devastating complication of malignancy. Among several pathogenesis, surgical spillage has been one of the iatrogenic factors for the development of LMS. We retrospectively analyzed various surgical factors affecting the development of LMS. Patients and Methods: We identified 294 patients with brain metastasis who had been treated using surgery between 2001 and 2009. We classified the tumor location into subcortical, pial, epipial, juxtaventricular and ventricular. The description of surgical resection was divided into piecemeal and en-bloc and the risk of using cavitron ultrasonic aspirator （CUSA） were investigated. Results: A total 44 of the 294 patients （15%） developed LMS after undergoing index procedure. The median time to LMS development was 6months （range, 1.0-42.0）. Among the 294 surgical patients, seven out of 101 en-bloc removal patients （6.9%） developed LMS, whereas 37 out of 193 piecemeal removal patients （19.2%） developed LMS, and the incidence of LMS was significantly different between these two surgical resection modes （p = 0.005）.The adjusted hazard ratio （HR） for patients whose tumors were resected by piecemeal compared to en-bloc was 3.12 （95% CI, 1.4-7.0;p = 0.006）. The incidence of LMS was significantly higher （p ＜ 0.001） in patients whose tumors were resected by CUSA, and the HR of using CUSA was 4.18 （95% CI, 1.9-9.4;p = 0.001）. The location of tumor at high-risk of CSF exposure （epipial and ventricular） conferred increased risk of LMS after the treatment compared to low-risk group with the HR 2.52 （95% CI, 1.4-4.7;p = 0.004）. On the other hand, the location of tumor at low-risk of CSF exposure （subcortical） showed significantly reduced risk of LSM compared to the other locations （HR=0.27;95% CI 0.12-0.65;p-value = 0.003）. Conclusion: The piecemeal resection mode and the use of CUSA were found to increase risk of LMS in this retrospective study. Therefore, the piecemeal resection using CUSA should be

关键词： Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis Neoplasm seeding surgery stereotactic radiosurgery

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国际医学放射学杂志 2018年第3期 351-352页

作者： H.heon H.J.kim T.H.kim H.K.Ryeom J.Lee G.C.kim 魏铃 Department of Radiology Kyungpook National University Medical Center

摘要目的评估侵袭性乳腺癌复发病人的术前MR影像瘤周水肿的预后价值。材料与方法纳入2011年1月—2012年12月期间353例接受术前MR成像和乳腺切除术或

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Atypical onset of bicalutamide-induced liver injury

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第15期22卷 4062-4065页

作者： Gee Young Yun Seok Hyun kim Seok Won kim Jong Seok Joo Ju Seok kim Eaum Seok Lee Byung Seok Lee Sun Hyoung Kang Hee Seok Moon Jae Kyu Sung heon Young Lee Kyung Hee kim Department of Internal Medicine Chungnam National University School of Medicine Chungnam National University Hospital Departments of Pathology Chungnam National University School of Medicine Chungnam National University Hospital

Anti-androgen therapy is the leading treatment for advanced prostate cancer and is commonly used for neoadjuvant or adjuvant treatment. Bicalutamide is a non-steroidal anti-androgen, used during the initiation of androgen deprivation therapy along with a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist to reduce the symptoms of tumor-related flares in patients with advanced prostate cancer. As side effects, bicalutamide can cause fatigue, gynecomastia, and decreased libido through competitive androgen receptor blockade. Additionally, although not as common, drug-induced liver injury has also been reported. Herein, we report a case of hepatotoxicity secondary to bicalutamide use. Typically, bicalutamideinduced hepatotoxicity develops after a few days; however, in this case, hepatic injury occurred 5 mo after treatment initiation. Based on this rare case of delayed liver injury, we recommend careful monitoring of liver function throughout bicalutamide treatment for prostate cancer.

关键词： Bicalutamide Drug-induced liver injury Prostate neoplasm

Gastrointestinal tuberculosis is not associated with proton pump inhibitors:A retrospective cohort study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第2期19卷 258-264页

作者： Kyoung Sup Hong Seung Joo Kang Jong Kyoung Choi Ju Han kim Heewon Seo Suehyun Lee Jae-Woo Jung Hye-Ryun Kang Sang-heon Cho Joo Sung kim Department of Internal Medicine Drug Safety Monitoring CenterSeoul National University HospitalSeoul National University College of MedicineSeoul 110799South Korea Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University HospitalSeoul National University College of MedicineSeoul 110799South Korea Division of Biomedical Informatics Systems Biomedical Informatics Research CenterSeoul National University College of MedicineSeoul 110799South Korea

AIM:To evaluate the effect of proton pump inhibitors(PPIs) on the development of gastrointestinal ***:All patients who were more than 20 years old and who had received a prescription for PPIs among those who visited Seoul National University Hospital from January 1,2005 to December 31,2009 were *** to the low sensitivity of the microbiologic test and the nonspecific pathologic findings,the diagnosis of gastrointestinal tuberculosis was confirmed through the presence of active ulcerations and the responses to anti-tuberculosis *** patients were divided into two groups according to treatment duration(group 1:≤ 3 mo;group 2:> 3 mo) and were followed up from the time they took the first prescription of PPIs until their last *** regression analysis was used to calculate the relative risks(RR) and 95%CI,adjusting for ***:Among the 61 834 patients exposed to PPIs(50 534 in group 1;11 300 in group 2),21 patients were diagnosed with PPI-associated gastrointestinal tuberculosis during 124 274 person-years of *** 21 patients,the 12 who revealed only scar changes in the colonoscopy were excluded from the statistical *** those who remained,2 were excluded because they underwent gastrointestinal endoscopy within 4 wk of the first prescription for *** exposure to PPI was associated with a higher mean age(55.0 ± 14.5 in group 1 vs 58.2 ± 13.3 in group 2,P < 0.001) and a higher Charlson co-morbidity index(0.50 ± 0.93 in group 1 vs 0.77 ± 1.14 in group 2,P < 0.001).The true incidence of active gastrointestinal tuberculosis was 0.65 per 1000 person-years in group 1 and 0.03 per 1 000 person-years in group *** the less-than-three-month PPI treatment period in group 1,the over-three-month PPI therapy period in group 2 was not associated with increased risk of acquiring gastrointestinal tuberculosis,after adjusting for age and co-morbidities,whereas the Charlson co-morbidity index was associated

关键词： Proton pump inhibitor Acid suppression Tuberculosis Gastrointestinal tuberculosis Tuberculous colitis

Significant risk and associated factors of active tuberculosis infection in Korean patients with inflammatory bowel disease using anti-TNF agents

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第11期21卷 3308-3316页

作者： Eun Soo kim Geun Am Song Kwang Bum Cho Kyung Sik Park Kyeong Ok kim Byung Ik Jang Eun Young kim Seong Woo Jeon Hyun Seok Lee Chang heon Yang Yong Kook Lee Dong Wook Lee Sung Kook kim Tae Oh kim Jonghun Lee Hyung Wook kim Sam Ryong Jee Seun Ja Park Hyun Jin kim Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineKeimyung University School of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicinePusan National University School of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineYeungnam University College of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineCatholic University of Daegu School of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineKyungpook National University School of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineDongguk University School of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineInje University College of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineDong-A University Medical Center Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineKosin University College of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineGyeongsang National University School of Medicine

AIM:To evaluate the incidence and risk factors of Korean tuberculosis(TB) infection in patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) undergoing anti-TNF ***:The data of IBD patients treated with anti-TNFs in 13 tertiary referral hospitals located in the southeastern region of Korea were collected *** failed to show response or were intolerant to conventional treatments,including steroids or *** measures for latent TB infection(LTBI)and the incidence and risk factors ofactive TB infection after treatment with anti-TNFs were ***:Overall,376 IBD patients treated with antiTNF agents were recruited(male 255,mean age of anti-TNF therapy 32.5±13.0 years);277 had Crohn’s disease,99 had ulcerative colitis,294 used infliximab,and 82 used *** anti-TNF treatment,screening tests for LTBI including an interferon gamma release assay or a tuberculin skin test were performed in 82.2%of *** patients(8%)had *** cases of active TB infection including one TB-related mortality occurred during 801 personyears(PY)follow-up(1997.4 cases per 100000 PY)after anti-TNF ***(OR=5.76,95%CI:1.57-21.20,P=0.008)and WBC count<5000 mm3(OR=4.5,95%CI:1.51-13.44,P=0.007)during follow-up were identified as independently associated risk ***:Anti-TNFs significantly increase the risk of TB infection in Korean patients with *** considerable burden of TB and marked immunosuppression might be attributed to this risk.

关键词： Tuberculosis Anti-TNF Korea Inflammatory bowel dis

Enhancement of Power Generation in Microbial Fuel Cells through Supplementation of <i>Platycodon grandiflorum</i>in Doraji Roots

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Journal of Sustainable Bioenergy Systems 2019年第4期9卷 169-178页

作者： Jung-In Park Hyunjin kim Dae Kyung Go Peter S. Park Sang heon Lee Min Jung Koh Jonathan Jo Donghoon Lee Seungshin Lee Paul S. Chung Fuzbien Technology Institute Rockville MD USA Youth with Talents Fairfax VA USA St. Johnsbuury Academy Jeju Korea Department of Biology School of Arts and Sciences Cornell University Ithaca NY USA School of Arts and Sciences Johns Hopkins Baltimore MD USA

The current study reports the evidence of enhancement in power generation from cellulosic biomass in microbial fuel cell (MFC) systems by supplementing dried Doraji (Platycodon grandiflorum) roots powder. Mediator-less two chamber H-type MFCs were prepared using rumen fluid as anode inocula to convert finely ground pine tree (Avicel) at 2% (w/v) to electricity. Dried Doraji roots were ground to pass 1 mm sieve and added to the anode of MFC at 0.1% w/v dosage for treatment. MFC power and current across an external resistor were measured daily for 10 d. At the end of incubation on d10, collected gases were measured for total gas volume and analyzed for gas composition on gas chromatography. Supplementation of Doraji roots powder to MFC anode chamber increased power generation and CO2 production. Over the 10d experimental period, power density normalized to anode surface area were between 17.0 and 37.7 with average of 32.5 mW/m2 in Doraji MFCs, and between 16.8 and 19.8 with average of 18.2 mW/m2 in control group. CO2 production increased and methane to CO2 ratio decreased in Doraji root treatment comparing to control group. These observations imply that Doraji root components would inhibit methanogenesis and alter microbial fermentation of cellulose compounds favorable to produce bioenergy efficiently in MFC.

关键词： MFC Platycodon grandiflorum

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4人4色/我们的故事

艺术家 2019年第9期 9-11,13,194页

作者：金炳宪不详

2019中韩艺术交流展策展人:金炳宪开幕时间:2019年8月4日16:00展览时间:2019.8.4-2019.9.5李晓宇庞辛森徐基文郑成俊展览地址:北京市朝阳区酒仙桥路2号798艺术区706北一街画廊官网:***李晓宇1979年7月12日生于辽宁,中国人民大学艺术学... 详细信息

2019中韩艺术交流展策展人:金炳宪开幕时间:2019年8月4日16:00展览时间:2019.8.4-2019.9.5李晓宇庞辛森徐基文郑成俊展览地址:北京市朝阳区酒仙桥路2号798艺术区706北一街画廊官网:***李晓宇1979年7月12日生于辽宁,中国人民大学艺术学院绘画系油画教研室主任,副教授,硕士研究生导师,中国美术家协会会员,美国肖像画协会会员。2002年毕业于中央美院油画系第一画室,获学士学位;2005年于中央美院油画系第一画室攻读硕士研究生,获硕士学位;2013年毕业于中央美术学院造型艺术研究所,获博士学位。

关键词：写实绘画油画系版画系绘画本体中国美术家协会学院版画厦门国际会展中心

Anxiety and depression propensities in patients with acute toxic liver injury

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第47期19卷 9069-9076页

作者： Jeong Ill Suh Jeong Kyu Sakong Kwan Lee Yong Kook Lee Jeong Bae Park Dong Joon kim Yeon Seok SeoDepartment of Internal Medicine Korea University Anam Hospital Korea University College of Medicine Seoul 136-705 South Korea Jae Dong Lee Soon Young Ko Byung Seok Lee Seok Hyun kim Byung Seok kim Young Seok kim heon Ju Lee In Hee kim Joo Hyun Sohn Tae Yeob kim Byung Min Ahn Department of Internal Medicine Dongguk University Gyeongju HospitalDongguk University College of MedicineGyeongju 780-350South Korea Department of Psychiatry Dongguk University Gyeongju HospitalDongguk University College of MedicineGyeongju 780-350South Korea Department of Preventive Medicine Dongguk University College of MedicineGyeongju 780-350South Korea Department of Internal Medicine Hallym University Medical CenterHallym University College of MedicineChuncheon 200-704South Korea Department of Internal Medicine Konkuk University Chungju HospitalKonkuk University College of MedicineChungju 380-704South Korea Department of Internal Medicine Chungnam National University HospitalChungnam University College of MedicineDaejeon 301-721South Korea Department of Internal Medicine Daegu Catholic University Medical CenterDaegu Catholic University College of MedicineDaegu 705-718South Korea Department of Internal Medicine Soonchunhyang University Bucheon HospitalSoonchunhyang University College of MedicineBucheon 420-767South Korea Department of Internal Medicine Yeungnam University Medical CenterYeungnam University College of MedicineDaegu 705-703South Korea Department of Internal Medicine Chonbuk National University HospitalChonbuk National University College of MedicineJeonju 561-712South Korea Department of Internal Medicine Hanyang University Guri HospitalHanyang University College of MedicineGuri 471-701South Korea Department of Internal Medicine Hwain Metro HospitalChunan 331-959South Korea

AIM:To investigate anxiety and depression propensities in patients with toxic liver ***:The subjects were divided into three groups:a healthy control group(Group 1,n=125),an acute non-toxic liver injury group(Group 2,n=124),and a group with acute toxic liver injury group caused by noncommercial herbal preparations(Group 3,n=126).These three groups were compared and evaluated through questionnaire surveys and using the Hospital Anxiety-Depression Scale(HADS),Beck Anxiety Inventory(BAI),Beck Depression Inventory(BDI),and the hypochondriasis ***:The HADS anxiety subscale was 4.9±2.7,5.0±3.0 and 5.6±3.4,in Groups 1,2,and 3,*** HADS depression subscale in Group 3 showed the most significant score(5.2±3.2,6.4±3.4 and 7.2±3.4in Groups 1,2,and 3,respectively)(P<0.01 vs Group 1,P<0.05 vs Group 2).The BAI and BDI in Group 3showed the most significant score(7.0±6.3 and 6.9±6.9,9.5±8.6 and 8.8±7.3,10.7±7.2 and 11.6±8.5in Groups 1,2,and 3,respectively)(BAI:P<0.01 vs Group 1,P<0.05 vs Group 2)(BDI:P<0.01 vs Group1 and 2).Group 3 showed a significantly higher hypochondriasis score(8.2±6.0,11.6±7.5 and 13.1±6.5in Groups 1,2,and 3,respectively)(P<0.01 vs Group 1,P<0.05 vs Group 2).CONCLUSION:Psychological factors that present vulnerability to the temptation to use alternative medicines,such as herbs and plant preparations,are important for understanding toxic liver injury.

关键词： Liver injury Herb Toxic Anxiety Depression