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Diagnostic Performance of Five Rapid Serological Tests for SARS-CoV-2

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2022年第4期12卷 470-480页

作者： Gilbert Ndziessi Jospeh Axel Ngatse Fabien Roch Niama henriette poaty Mayengue Pembe Issamou Fresnovie Geladore Mbele Laure Stella Ghoma Linguissi Francine Ntoumi Department of Public Health Faculty of Health Sciences University Marien Ngouabi Brazzaville Republic of the Congo National Laboratory of Public Health Brazzaville Republic of the Congo National Research Institute on Health Sciences Brazzaville Republic of the Congo Fondation Congolaise pour la Recherche Médicale Brazzaville Republic of the Congo

We conducted a study to evaluate the sensitivity (Se), specificity (Sp), positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of five serologic tests. Subjects with negative or positive COVID-19 polymerase chain reaction (PRC) test results were tested with each of the serological tests. The results were compared with the reference PCR test. For the five tests evaluated, the Se ranged from 55.0% to 70.0% and the Sp ranged from 67.2% to 86.2%. PPV ranged from 53.2% to 80% and NPV from 75.0% to 86.2%. One test, the Wantai, had better specificity and sensitivity. None of the five tests had performance values of more than 90% in the entire sample. In symptomatic positive cases, the Wantai test reported excellent sensitivity. Overall, the low level of diagnostic performance of these tests does not support their use as an alternative to PCR for COVID-19 diagnostic. Test with better performance can be used for mass screening in low prevalence populations, to limit the indiscriminate use of PCR in context of resource-limited countries. Given the excellent sensitivity of Wantai in symptomatic cases, this test could be used as a referral test only in health facilities to discriminate suspected cases before PCR confirmation.

关键词： SARS-Cov-2 Seroprevalence Antibodies COVID-19 Congo

Histopathologic Profile of Miscarriages during First Trimester of Pregnancy in Teaching Hospital of Grand Yoff in Dakar (Senegal)

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Open Journal of Pathology 2020年第1期10卷 56-65页

作者： Mama Sy Diallo Chérif Mohamed Dial henriette poaty Oumar Faye Histology-Embryology and Cytogenetics Laboratory Faculty of Medicine Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Service of Pathology Teaching Universitary Hospital of Grand Yoff Dakar Senegal Histology-Embryology and Genetics Unit Faculty of Health Sciences of Brazzaville Brazzaville Congo National Research Institute on Health Sciences Brazzaville Congo

Background: Mainly for economic reasons, histopathologic analysis is not a systematic practice in medical structures in Senegal, and the utility of this exam is being questioned by many authors. The purpose of this paper is to report the results of this exam, in our medical practice and try to determine if this exam should be systematic of kept only for individualized cases. Material and Methods: It was a retrospective study from January 2010 to December 2018, carried out in the Laboratory of Pathology of the Teaching Hospital of Grand Yoff in Dakar. The data were collected from the register of pathologic examinations of the laboratory. Results: We registered 543 results of histopathologic examination of products of conception from the first trimester abortion. The women mean age was 22.4 years ± 6.2 with extremes of 17 and 46 years. The routine histopathologic assessment of products of first- trimester miscarriages highlighted in our study three pathologies: hydatidiform mole (24.7%), infection (4.6%) and ectopic pregnancy (0.09%). Only 11.7% of cases of Hydatidiform mole (HM) were suspected before the histopathologic assessment. In our sample, molar pregnancy seems to be higher in anembryonic conception with a prevalence of 45%. The prevalence of Complete Hydatidiform Mole (CHM) was higher than the one of Partial Hydatidiform Mole (PHM) (14.8% vs. 9.9% of miscarriages). Indeed, both require follow up to prevent or manage at time the occurrence of choriocarcinoma. Conclusion: The results of the histologic analysis after abortion in the first trimester of pregnancy show that this exam should be practiced systematically in routine in our context because of high prevalence of hydatidiform mole.

关键词： Histopathologic Miscarriage Hydatidiform Mole Ectopic Pregnancy

Fetal Ventriculomegaly and Outcomes: About 3 Cases

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Open Journal of Pathology 2019年第3期9卷 41-49页

作者： Mama Sy Diallo henriette poaty Simon Azonbankin Oumar Faye Flore Gangbo Histology-Embryology and Cytogenetics Laboratory Faculty of Medicine Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Histology-Embryology and Genetics Unit Faculty of Health Sciences Marien Ngouabi University Brazaville Congo Histology-Embryology and Cytogenetics Unit Faculty of Health Sciences Abomey-Calavi University Cotonou Benin

Introduction: Ventriculomegaly is one of the most common abnormalities detected by prenatal ultrasound. This entity can be associated with brain abnormalities and other malformations. In order to perform a good prenatal counseling, the diagnosis is essential. Objective: Our purpose was to report the management of 3 cases of ventriculomegaly in our practice and underline the benefits of the neuropathologic exam. Methods: We analyzed retrospectively 3 medical files concerning fetus that were diagnosed as having one or two ventricles of >10 mm and a follow up for prenatal diagnosis. Results: All cases were diagnosed between 22 and 27 weeks of gestation by an ultrasound. In a case, the ventriculomegaly evolved rapidly to a hydrocephalus. In two cases, the pregnancy was terminated with medical interruption by the parent’s request. Amniocentesis confirmed the diagnosis of congenital toxoplasmosis in case 2 there were no chromosomal abnormalities after karyotyping. Causes included holoprosencephaly, congenital toxoplasmosis and mesencephalosynapsis. Conclusion: Ultrasonography may detect ventriculomegaly nerverthless in the cases presented, pathology exam was essential to assess the diagnostic. Causes are numerous and prognosis variable. We recommand MRI that is more and more accessible in our regions in the follow up of this entity and neuropathology exam in case of termination of the pregnancy. The establishment of main causes of ventriculomegaly in our regions (infectious causes for example) could help to prevent this outcome in our practice.

关键词： Fetal Ventriculomegaly Neuropathology Prenatal Diagnosis

Immunoscreening of Alpha-Tocopherol in Breast, Prostate Cancers and in Gestational Choriocarcinoma Tissues

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CellBio 2021年第2期10卷 11-21页

作者： henriette poaty Franck Arnaud Moukobolo Kinsangou Alexis F. Bolenga Liboko Judith Nsonde Malanda Michel Geffard Faculty of Health Sciences Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Congo National Research Institute on Health Sciences (IRSSA) Brazzaville Congo Oncology Service Teaching hospital Brazzaville Congo Institut pour le Développement de la Recherche en Pathologie Humaine et Thérapeutique Talence France

Background: Many literature reviews report vitamin E supplementation as a benefit chemopreventive and adjuvant therapy in breast and prostate cancers. We investigated in the present work, alpha-tocopherol (α-T) expression (the current active form of vitamin E) from tissues of Congolese patients neither smokers nor alcohol drinkers and without intake antioxidant vitamins supplement. Methods: α-T was analysed in one normal placenta of nine weeks of gestation and in nineteen cancerous tissues, including seven breast cancers, six prostate cancers, and six gestational choriocarcinomas. The study was performed by immunohistochemistry method after diagnosis confirmation by histological analysis. Results: α-T staining in membrane cells and collagen fibers presented a moderate expression in healthy sections of tissues (positive control), but the labelling was strong in breast, prostate adenocarcinomas, and in choriocarcinomas. Conclusion: Tumors immunohistochemistry of α-tocopherol in breast, prostate cancers and in choriocarcinoma show elevated immunostaining suggesting a probable oncogenic effect of the micronutrient.

关键词： Vitamin E Alpha-Tocopherol Immunohistochemistry Breast Cancer Prostate Cancer Choriocarcinoma

Detection of Low-Risk and High-Risk Oncogenic Human Papillomavirus in Archived Tissues from ENT Tumors in Burkina Faso

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2023年第9期11卷 171-180页

作者： Ali Kandé Maïmouna Ilboudo Djénéba Ouermi Ina Marie Angèle Traore Abdoul Karim Ouattara Théodora Mahoukèdè Zohoncon Esther Mah Alima Traore Florencia W. Djigma Dorcas Obiri-Yeboah henriette poaty Yvette Marie Chantal Gyebre Olga M. Lompo Charlemagne MR Ouedraogo Jacques Simpore Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Biologie moléculaire et de génétique (LABIOGENE) UFR/SVT Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso University Post Office Department of Microbiology and Immunology School of Medical Sciences University of Cape Coast Cape Coast Ghana Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Yalgado Ouedraogo Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is classified into high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) and HPV (LR-HPV) according to their oncogenic potential. These viruses can be found in the cervix, vagina, vulva, anus and in the ENT sphere. HPV ENT infections can lead to benign or malignant tumors in which we could find both LR-HPV and HR-HPV genotypes. The objective of this study was to investigate the genotypes of HR-HPV and LR-HPV in archived tissue samples derived from both benign and malignant tumors of the ear, nose, and throat (ENT) in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. One hundred and twenty formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded archived tissues of the ENT sphere from 26 benign tumors and 94 malignant tumors were included. The tissues were first deparaffinized with xylem. The extracted DNA was used to test for high-risk and low-risk HPV by Real-Time Multiplex PCR. HPV DNA was found in 57.7% (15/26) of benign tumors and 43.61% (41/94) of malignant tumors. The prevalence of HPV infection was 46.67% (56/120) in all tumors combined. The most common HPV genotypes found were HPV 11 (34.28%), HPV 6 (30%), HPV56 (14.28%) and HPV 33 (8.57%). There were 21.43% (12/56) cases of genotypes co-infections with 10 cases of double infection and 2 cases of triple infection. Both low-risk and high-risk HPV are found in ENT tumors with relatively high HPV prevalence.

关键词： HPV Archived Tissues ENT Tumor Burkina Faso