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Effects of ultrasonic treatment on dithiothreitol(DTT) assay measurements for carbon materials

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第10期31卷 51-58页

作者： haotian jiang Yun Xie Yanli Ge Hong He Yongchun Liu State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Research Center forEco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China Aerosol and Haze Laboratory Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China Center for Excellence in Urban Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xiamen 361021China

The dithiothreitol(DTT)assay is the most commonly used method to quantify the oxidative potential of fine particles.However,the reported DTT decay rates of carbon black(CB)materials vary greatly among different researchers.This might have resulted from either the intrinsic toxicity of CB or the unsuitability of the DTT assay protocol for CB particles.In the current study,the protocol of the DTT assay for CB materials has been carefully evaluated.It was found that the dispersion degree of CB particles in water has a great influence on the DTT decay rate of CB materials.For CB particles(special black 4A(SB4A)and Printex U)and single-walled carbon nanotube tube(SWCNT),the DTT decay rate after sonication for 10 min became 4.2,4.6 and 1.7 times higher than that without sonication.The rate continued to grow as a function of ultrasound time up to 30 min of sonication.Although the concentration of soluble transition metals and surface oxygen-containing species such as carbonyls increased slightly with sonication,they had no significant effects on the measured DTT activity,while the increase in the dispersion degree of aggregates was found to play a vital role in the observed enhancement of the DTT decay rates for different CB materials.Based on our results,30 min of sonication is recommended for sample dispersion when measuring the DTT decay rate of CB materials.

关键词： Sonication Dispersion Dithiothreitol(DTT) assay Carbon nanomaterials

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高场HTS导体测试平台氦低温系统流程分析

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低温与超导 2024年第4期52卷 24-30页

作者：蒋皓天李俊杰中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院强磁场科学中心合肥230031 中国科学技术大学合肥230026

为了提高高温超导导体进行性能测试时的稳定性和全面性,针对高场HTS(High-Temperature Superconducting)导体测试平台氦低温系统调控参数的复杂性,对低温系统中的部件进行工况分析,采用梯度下降法,通过MATLAB编程的方式实现了低温系统... 详细信息

为了提高高温超导导体进行性能测试时的稳定性和全面性,针对高场HTS(High-Temperature Superconducting)导体测试平台氦低温系统调控参数的复杂性,对低温系统中的部件进行工况分析,采用梯度下降法,通过MATLAB编程的方式实现了低温系统运行流程的模拟,设计了系统在不同测试温度下的最佳运行模式及流量等关键参数的调控方案。研究结果表明:在相同测试温度下,输入系统的氦气压力为5 bar时系统所需流量最小,随着测试温度升高,输入系统的氦流量先增大再减小。对低温系统最佳运行模式下各参数的分析可为进行超导导体性能测试实验时低温系统调控提供参考。

关键词：超导测试氦低温系统流程分析梯度下降法

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Fused thienobenzene-thienothiophene electron acceptors for organic solar cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2019年第10期28卷 58-65页

作者： Ye Xu haotian jiang Tsz-Ki Lau Jingshuai Zhu Jiayu Wang Xinhui Lu Xiaowei Zhan Yuze Lin Department of Chemistry Capital Normal UniversityBeijing 100048China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of EducationCollege of EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Physics The Chinese University of Hong KongNew TerritoriesHong KongChina

Small molecule ladder-type heteroarenes IHBT-2F is designed and synthesized with strong electrondonating and molecular packing properties, where the central unit, fused thienobenzene-thienothiphene (IHBT), is attached with the strong electron-deficient 2-(5,6-difluoro-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylidene)malononitrile (2FIC) as the end group. The counterpart IDBT-2F with indancenodibenzothiophene (IDBT) mainchain is sythesized for comparison, in which thieno[3,2-b]thiophene (TT) core of IHBT is replaced by benzene core. Relative to benzene-core IDBT-2F, TT-core IHBT-2F shows a much higher highest occupied molecular orbital energy level (IHBT-2F:-5.46 eV;IDBT-2F:-5.72 eV) and significantly redshifted absorption, due to the π-donor capability of the sulfur atom, the larger π-conjugation and stronger intermolecular π-π stacking. The as-cast organic solar cells (OSCs) based on blends of PTB7-Th donor and IHBT-2F acceptor without additional treatments exhibit power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) as high as 8.74%, which is much higher than that of PTB7-Th:IDBT-2F (6.73%).

关键词： Organic solar cell Fused ring electron acceptor Thienobenzene Non-fullerene

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不同淀粉源饲粮对肉兔生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质和血清生化指标的影响

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动物营养学报 2024年第4期36卷 2594-2602页

作者：王雨佳周思源江皓天刘佳圆陈宝江河北农业大学动物科技学院保定071001

本试验旨在研究不同淀粉源饲粮对肉兔生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质和血清生化指标的影响。选择35日龄同期断奶、体况相近的伊拉肉兔160只,随机分成4组,每组中公母各占1/2,每组8个重复,每个重复5只。玉米组、小麦组、木薯组和甘薯组分别... 详细信息

本试验旨在研究不同淀粉源饲粮对肉兔生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质和血清生化指标的影响。选择35日龄同期断奶、体况相近的伊拉肉兔160只,随机分成4组,每组中公母各占1/2,每组8个重复,每个重复5只。玉米组、小麦组、木薯组和甘薯组分别选用玉米、小麦、木薯和甘薯作为唯一淀粉来源,配制等能等氮饲粮。预试期7 d,正试期28 d。结果显示:1)各组间料重比、腹泻频率、死亡率无显著差异(P>0.05);玉米组的平均日增重极显著高于甘薯组(P0.05)。3)各组间肉色、pH(45 min、24 h、48 h)、蒸煮损失、滴水损失(24、48 h)、剪切力均无显著差异(P>0.05)。4)甘薯组血清谷草转氨酶活性显著低于小麦组(P<0.05)。综上所述,在本试验条件下,与木薯和甘薯相比,以玉米或小麦作为饲粮淀粉源可提高肉兔的生长性能,但不同淀粉源对肉兔的屠宰性能、肉品质和血清生化指标无明显不良影响。

关键词：淀粉肉兔生长性能血清生化指标肉品质

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Patient-directed vs.fixed-volume PEG for colonoscopy preparation:a randomized controlled trial

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Precision Clinical Medicine 2022年第2期5卷 117-124页

作者： Jixiang Zhang Xuemei Jia Yuanmei Guo haotian jiang Jiaming Hu Siwei Wang Binglu Huang Wenhao Su Jun Liu Xiaoli Wang Weiguo Dong Department of Gastroenterology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430060China Digestive Endoscopy Center Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430060China Department of Hematology Huashan Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Department of Hematology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430060China Department of Plastic Surgery Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430060China

Background:Individualization using different volumes of polyethylene glycol is widely regarded as the optimal solution for bowel preparation,while the patient-directed regimen we propose may serve as a reliable individual solution.This study aimed to assess the efficacy,safety,and satisfaction of bowel preparation with a patient-directed regimen.Methods:Patients in the fixed-volume group ingested the same amount of PEG,while those in patient-directed group ingested different amount according to stool consistency or stool water content.Results:After filtering by exclusion criteria,428 individuals in the fixed-volume group and 103 in the patient-directed group were successfully enrolled and analyzed.Eighty-three(80.6%)individuals in the patient-directed group had a reduced polyethylene glycol volume.There was no significant difference in the bowel preparation efficacy between the two groups(90.0%vs.90.3%,χ^(2)=0.01;p=0.918).Patients in the patient-directed group complained of fewer adverse effects(53.0%vs.36.9%,χ^(2)=8.655;p=0.003),especially vomiting(13.6%vs.1.0%,χ^(2)=13.304;p<0.001).Regarding comfort during bowel preparation,the degree of comfort was not significantly different between groups.Furthermore,the willingness rate for further colonoscopy in the patient-directed group was significantly higher than that in the fixed-volume group(90.3%vs.77.1%,χ^(2)=8.912;p<0.05).Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the body mass index served as an independent factor impacting quality of bowel preparation with the patient-directed regimen(OR 1.16,95%CI 1.00–1.34;p=0.043).Conclusions:Without decreasing the bowel preparation efficacy,the patient-directed regimen increased the safety and satisfaction of bowel preparation and is expected to be a regular and individual solution for bowel preparation.Individuals with a lower body mass index are more likely to undertake this new regimen.

关键词： bowel preparation patient-directed individualization efficacy safety

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生长激素对结肠癌细胞侵袭和迁移的影响

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重庆医学 2024年第5期53卷 664-668,676页

作者：蒋皓天汪攀廖彬龚胜吴南重庆医科大学重庆400016 中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院重庆400714 中国科学院大学重庆学院重庆400714 重庆市人民医院神经外科重庆401147

目的探讨生长激素(GH)对结肠癌细胞增殖、周期及侵袭迁移的影响及其可能的作用机制。方法在体外培养生长激素型垂体腺瘤GH3细胞,通过ELISA检测GH3细胞培养上清液中GH分泌情况。取对数生长期的人结直肠腺癌LoVo细胞随机分为对照组和实... 详细信息

目的探讨生长激素(GH)对结肠癌细胞增殖、周期及侵袭迁移的影响及其可能的作用机制。方法在体外培养生长激素型垂体腺瘤GH3细胞,通过ELISA检测GH3细胞培养上清液中GH分泌情况。取对数生长期的人结直肠腺癌LoVo细胞随机分为对照组和实验组,对照组中加入磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS),实验组中加入高浓度重组人GH。两组细胞在相同条件下进行体外培养,通过CCK-8法检测细胞增殖水平,流式细胞仪检测细胞周期,Transwell法检测细胞迁移和侵袭能力,Western blot检测细胞E-钙黏蛋白(E-cadherin)、N-钙黏蛋白(N-cadherin)、波形蛋白(Vimentin)和蜗牛蛋白-1(Snail-1)的表达水平。结果 GH3细胞可分泌大量GH,其培养上清液GH浓度为(1 208±9)ng/mL。GH在一定浓度范围内呈剂量依赖性促进细胞生长,GH 200 ng/mL为其最佳干预浓度,用作后续实验浓度。与对照组比较,实验组中细胞周期从G_(1)期向S期和G_(2)转变,G_(1)期细胞比率下降,S期、G_(2)期细胞比率升高(P<0.05);与对照组比较,实验组细胞侵袭和迁移数量增加(P<0.05),细胞N-cadherin、Vimentin和Snail-1表达水平上调,E-cadherin表达水平下调(P<0.05)。结论高浓度GH可促进结肠癌细胞增殖、侵袭及迁移,诱导细胞周期从G_(1)期向S期和G_(2)转变,其机制可能与高浓度GH促进结肠癌细胞上皮间质转化(EMT)相关。

关键词：生长激素型垂体腺瘤生长激素结肠癌侵袭迁移

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Ionization Engineering of Hydrogels Enables Highly Efficient Salt‑Impeded Solar Evaporation and Night‑Time Electricity Harvesting

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第1期16卷 131-146页

作者： Nan He Haonan Wang haotian Zhang Bo jiang Dawei Tang Lin Li School of Energy and Power Engineering Key Laboratory of Ocean Energy Utilization and Energy Conservation of Ministry of EducationDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024People’s Republic of China

Interfacial solar evaporation holds immense potential for brine desalination with low carbon footprints and high energy utilization.Hydrogels,as a tunable material platform from the molecular level to the macroscopic scale,have been considered the most promising candidate for solar evaporation.However,the simultaneous achievement of high evaporation efficiency and satisfactory tolerance to salt ions in brine remains a challenging scientific bottleneck,restricting the widespread application.Herein,we report ionization engineering,which endows polymer chains of hydrogels with electronegativity for impeding salt ions and activating water molecules,fundamentally overcoming the hydrogel salt-impeded challenge and dramatically expediting water evaporating in brine.The sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate-modified carbon black is chosen as the solar absorbers.The hydrogel reaches a ground-breaking evaporation rate of 2.9 kg m−2 h−1 in 20 wt%brine with 95.6%efficiency under one sun irradiation,surpassing most of the reported literature.More notably,such a hydrogel-based evaporator enables extracting clean water from oversaturated salt solutions and maintains durability under different high-strength deformation or a 15-day continuous operation.Meantime,on the basis of the cation selectivity induced by the electronegativity,we first propose an all-day system that evaporates during the day and generates salinity-gradient electricity using waste-evaporated brine at night,anticipating pioneer a new opportunity for all-day resource-generating systems in fields of freshwater and electricity.

关键词： Solar evaporation Hydrogel evaporators Salt impeding Ionization engineering Cyclic vapor-electricity generation

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Underestimated benefits of NO_(x) control in reducing SNA and O_(3) based on missing heterogeneous HONO sources

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第3期18卷 57-67页

作者： Shuping Zhang haotian Zheng Jun Liu Yao Shi Tianzeng Chen Chaoyang Xue Fenfen Zhang Yueqi jiang Xiangping Zhang Shovan Kumar Sahu Biwu Chu Jia Xing State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China China Academy of Civil Aviation Science and Technology Beijing 100028China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research Zhengzhou 450003China Centre for Climate Research Singapore Meteorological Service SingaporeSingapore 537054Singapore

Substantial NO_(x) emission mitigation is crucial for the synergistic reduction of particulate matter and ozone(O_(3))pollution in China.The traditional air quality model does not consider heterogeneous HONO chemistry,leading to uncertainties in estimating the benefits of NO_(x) control.Previous studies have shown that the parameterization of heterogeneous HONO formation increases both the simulated value of sulfate–nitrate–ammonium(SNA)and that of O_(3),thus adding the heterogeneous reactions of HONO into air quality models inevitably leads to changes in the estimated benefits of NO_(x) abatement.Here we investigated the changes in SNA and O_(3)concentrations from NO_(x) emission reduction before and after adding heterogeneous HONO reactions in the Community Multi-Scale Air Quality(CMAQ)model.Including heterogeneous HONO reactions in the simulation improved the benefits of NO_(x) reduction in terms of SNA control in winter.With 80%NO_(x) reduction,the reduction in SNA increased from 36.9%without considering heterogeneous HONO reactions to 42.8%with heterogeneous HONO chemistry.The reduction in the maximum daily 8h average(MDA8)O_(3)in summer caused by NO_(x) reduction increased slightly from 4.7%to 5.2%after adding heterogeneous HONO reactions.The results in this study highlight the enhanced effectiveness of NO_(x) controls for the reduction of SNA and O_(3)after considering heterogeneous HONO formation in a complex chemical ambient,demonstrating the importance of NO_(x) controls in reducing PM2.5 and O_(3)pollution in China.

关键词： Heterogeneous HONO NO_(x) reduction PM_(2.5) O_(3)

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Identification of serum immunoglobulin M(IgM)of crucian carp(Carassius auratus gibelio)and immune response to cyprinid herpesvirus 2 infection

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2024年第2期9卷 172-180页

作者： Shuran Wang haotian Wu Longlong Wang Pinhua Wang Liqun Lu Yousheng jiang Ye Zhang Dan Xu National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai201306China Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Resources of the Ministry of Agriculture Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai201306China National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai201306China

Crucian carp(Carassius auratus gibelio),an extensively cultivated freshwater fish,was one of the model species for the study of fish immunology.Polyclonal antibodies were advantageous molecular tools for studying teleost immune system.Specifically,polyclonal antibodies reacting with immunoglobulins(Ig)were used successfully in studies of the teleost fishes.In the present study,we produced polyclonal antibody against CH2 domains of crucian carp IgM,and measured the in vivo dynamics of IgM mRNA caused by CyHV-2 infection.The recombinant protein IgM with relative molecular weight about 53 KD was correctly expressed in prokaryotic cells.The specificity of the polyclonal antibody was evaluated by Western blotting and results revealed that the antibody not only specifically recognized crucian carp serum but also cross-reacted with grass carp serum.Quantitative RT-PCR analysis demonstrated the expression of IgM mRNA changed significantly after CyHV-2 infection.The expression of IgM in the kidney increased and reached a maximum at 6 h post-infection(hpi),while dropped to a low level at 5 days post-infection(dpi).In conclusion,the expression of IgM was significantly upregulated in the kidney of crucian carp infected with CyHV-2,indicating that IgM played a potential role in systemic immunity against viral infection.Polyclonal antibody against crucian carp IgM had certain clinical relevance,which might provide insight into the early stage of virus infection and prevention of the disease.

关键词： Immunoglobulin M Crucian carp Polyclonal antibody Cyprinid herpesvirus 2 Immunoprotection

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Enabling an Inorganic-Rich Interface via Cationic Surfactant for High-Performance Lithium Metal Batteries

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第8期16卷 1-17页

作者： Zejun Sun Jinlin Yang Hongfei Xu Chonglai jiang Yuxiang Niu Xu Lian Yuan Liu Ruiqi Su Dayu Liu Yu Long Meng Wang Jingyu Mao haotian Yang Baihua Cui Yukun Xiao Ganwen Chen Qi Zhang Zhenxiang Xing Jisheng Pan Gang Wu Wei Chen Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore3 Science Drive 3Singapore 117543Singapore Agency for Science Technology and Research(A*STAR)Institute of High-Performance Computing1 Fusionopolis Way#16‑16 ConnexisSingapore 138632Singapore Department of Physics National University of Singapore2 Science Drive 3Singapore 117542Singapore Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University International Campus of Tianjin UniversityBinhai New CityFuzhou 350207People’s Republic of China Agency for Science Technologyand Research(A*STAR)Institute of Materials Research and EngineeringInnovis2 Fusionopolis Way#08‑03Singapore 138634Singapore

An anion-rich electric double layer(EDL)region is favorable for fabricating an inorganic-rich solid-electrolyte interphase(SEI)towards stable lithium metal anode in ester electrolyte.Herein,cetyltrimethylammonium bromide(CTAB),a cationic surfactant,is adopted to draw more anions into EDL by ionic interactions that shield the repelling force on anions during lithium plating.In situ electrochemical surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy results combined with molecular dynamics simulations validate the enrichment of NO_(3)^(−)/FSI−anions in the EDL region due to the positively charged CTA^(+).In-depth analysis of SEI structure by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry results confirmed the formation of the inorganic-rich SEI,which helps improve the kinetics of Li^(+)transfer,lower the charge transfer activation energy,and homogenize Li deposition.As a result,the Li||Li symmetric cell in the designed electrolyte displays a prolongated cycling time from 500 to 1300 h compared to that in the blank electrolyte at 0.5 mA cm^(-2) with a capacity of 1 mAh cm^(-2).Moreover,Li||LiFePO_(4) and Li||LiCoO_(2) with a high cathode mass loading of>10 mg cm^(-2) can be stably cycled over 180 cycles.

关键词： Cationic surfactant Lithium nitrate additive Solid-electrolyte interphase Electric double layer Lithium metal batteries

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