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Impact of xylanases on gut microbiota of growing pigs fed corn-or wheat-based diets

Animal Nutrition 2018年第4期4卷 339-350页

作者： Zhengxiao Zhang Hein m.Tun Ru Li Beatriz J.m.Gonzalez hannah C.Keenes Charles m.Nyachoti Elijah Kiarie Ehsan Khafipour Department of Animal Science University of Manitoba Department of medical microbiology and Infectious Diseases University of Manitoba Department of Animal Bioscience University of Guelph

This study investigated the effects of xylanase supplementations with cereal-based diets on nutrient digestibility and gut microbiota of growing pigs. A total of 96 individually penned pigs(initial BW = 22.7 ± 0.65 kg) were allotted to 12 treatments and subjected to a completely randomized block design experiment. Pigs in each treatment were fed an isocaloric wheat-based or corn-based diet with or without 1 of 5 types of xylanase supplements(XA, XB, XC, XD, XE). On d 42, all piglets were euthanized to obtain ileal and cecal digesta for microbial analysis, which involved high-throughput sequencing of the V1 - V3 regions of 16 S rRNA gene. Corn-and wheat-based diets differed(P ments affected the alpha-and beta-diversities of microbiota in the cecum but not in the ileum. The wheat-based diet increased(P mpared with the corn-based diet. Wheat-based diet also promoted the relative abundance of genus(g.) Succinivibrio while corn-based diet promoted the proportion of family(f.) Veillonellaceae in the community. Among xylanases, only XC within the wheat-based diet altered(P microbiota compared with control. For each cereal-based diet and compared with the controls, xylanase treatments affected(P m(f. Peptostreptococcaceae, order [o.]Streptophyta, f. Clostridiaceae, g. Clostridium and g. Streptococcus) and 8 in the cecum(g. Lactobacillus,g. Streptococcus, class [c.] Clostridia, f. Clostridiaceae, g. megasphaera, g. Prevotella, g. Roseburia and ***). Network analysis showed that across diets under control treatments, Bacteroidetes was the most influential phylum promoting cooperative relationships among members of the ileum and cecum microbiota. Xylanase treatment, however, reduced the influence of Bacteroidetes and promoted a large number of hub taxa majority

关键词： Piglets microbiota Xylanase Arabinoxylans Digestibility

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Showering in Flint, mI: Is there a DBP problem?

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第8期29卷 271-284页

作者： Joshua m.Allen Amy A.Cuthbertson hannah K.Liberatore Susana Y.Kimura Anurag mantha marc A.Edwards Susan D.Richardson Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of South Carolina the Department of Chemistry University of Calgary Civil and Environmental Engineering Virginia Tech

Lead contamination in the City of Flint, mI has been well documented over the past two years, with lead levels above the EPA Action Level until summer 2016. This resulted from an ill-fated decision to switch from Detroit water（Lake Huron） with corrosion control, to Flint River water without corrosion control. Although lead levels are now closer to normal,reports of skin rashes have sparked questions surrounding tap water in some Flint *** study investigated the presence of contaminants, including disinfection by-products（DBPs）, in the hot tap water used for showering in the homes of residents in Flint. Extensive quantitative analysis of 61 regulated and priority unregulated DBPs was conducted in Flint hot and cold tap water, along with the analysis of 50 volatile organic compounds and a nontarget comprehensive, broadscreen analysis, to identify a possible source for the reported skin rashes. For comparison, chlorinated hot and cold waters from three other cities were also sampled, including Detroit, which also uses Lake Huron as its source *** showed that hot water samples generally contained elevated levels of regulated and priority unregulated DBPs compared to cold water samples, but trihalomethanes were still within regulatory limits. Overall, hot shower water from Flint was similar to waters sampled from the three other cities and did not have unusually high levels of DBPs or other organic chemicals that could be responsible for the skin rashes observed by residents. It is possible that an inorganic chemical or microbial contaminant may be responsible.

关键词： Disinfection by-products Disinfection byproducts DBPs Flint Hot water Showering Bathing Drinking water

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Timing and mode of intervention for patients with left sided valvular heart disease:an individualized approach

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Precision Clinical medicine 2018年第3期1卷 118-128页

作者： hannah mcConkey Zhengang Zhao S.Redwood m.Chen B.D.Prendergast King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence The Rayne InstituteSt.Thomas’Hospital CampusLondonUnited Kingdomand the Department of CardiologyGuy’s and St.Thomas’NHS Foundation TrustLondonUnited Kingdom Department of Cardiology West China HospitalSichuan University

Left sided valvular heart disease poses major impact on life and *** therapy merely palliates chronic severe valve disease and once symptoms or haemodynamic sequelae appear,life expectancy is markedly *** this article,we review the mechanisms of valve pathology,latest evidence in the quest for pharmacological options,means by which to predict deterioration,and standard and novel treatment options.

关键词： markedly sided patients

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Soil microbes weaken the positive effect of an aquaticterrestrial subsidy on plant performance

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2021年第1期14卷 108-116页

作者： Alejandra B.Garcia hannah Locke Kerri m.Crawford Department of Biology and Biochemistry University of HoustonHoustonTX 77204USA

Aims Linkages formed through aquatic-terrestrial subsidies can play an important role in structuring communities and mediating ecosystem ***-terrestrial subsidies may be especially important in nutrient-poor ecosystems,such as the freshwater sand dunes surrounding Lake *** midges emerge from Lake michigan in the spring,swarm to mate and *** carcasses form mounds at the base of plants,where they may in crease plant productivity through their nutrient ***,the effect of aquatic-terrestrial subsidies on plant productivity could depend on other biotic *** particular,soil microbes might play a key role in facilitating the conversion of nutrients to plant-available forms or competing for the nutrients with *** In a greenhouse experiment,we tested how carcasses from lake emerge nt midges(Chironomidae)and soil microbes indepe ndently and interactively influe need the performance of a common dune grass,Calamovilfa *** determine whether midges influenced abiotic soil properties,we measured how midge additions influe need soil nutrients and soil *** Findings midges greatly increased plant biomass,while soil microbes in flue need the magnitude of this *** the absence of soil microbes plant biomass was seven times greater with midges than without ***,in the presence of soil microbes,plant biomass was only three times *** effect of midges might be driven by their nutrient inputs into the soil,as midges contained 100 times more N,10 times more P and 150 times more K than dune soils *** results suggest that soil microbes may be competing with plants for these *** sum,we found that midges can be an important aquatic-terrestrial subsidy that produces strong,positive effects on plant productivity along the shorelines of Lake michigan,but that the impact of aquatic-terrestrial subsidies must be considered within the context of the complex interactions that take

关键词： aquatic-terrestrial subsidies Calamovilfa longifolia lake emergent midges sand dunes soil microbes

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Three-dimensional nanostructured Co_(2)VO_(4)-decorated carbon nanotubes for sodium-ion battery anode materials

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Rare metals 2023年第12期42卷 4060-4069页

作者： Yi Zhang Zhen Zhang Sheng Yu hannah m.Johnson De-Cheng Zhao Su-Chong Tan Zheng-Dao Pan Zhou-Lu Wang Yu-Tong Wu Xiang Liu School of Energy Sciences and Engineering Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211816China Department of Chemistry Washington State UniversityPullman 99164USA

Since Co_(2)VO_(4) possesses a solid spinel structure and a high degree of stability,it has gained interest as a possible anode material for sodium-ion ***,the application of this electrode material is still hampered by its poor electrical conductivity and severe volume *** Co_(2)VO_(4) nanoparticles(CVO)were grown on carbon nanotubes(CNTs)by a simple solvothermal method to form string-like conductive networks(CVO/CNTs).The flexible and highly conductive three-dimensional(3D)carbon nano tubes and small-sized CVO NPs can enhance the rapid transport of electrons,thereby enhancing the conductivity of the ***-like conductive network structures have a larger specific surface area,enhancing electron/ion transmission by fully contacting the *** findings demonstrate the superior Na^(+)storing capability of the CVO/CNTs *** battery has a great rate performance(148.2 mAh·g^(-1)at 5 A·g^(-1))and outstanding long-term cycling performance(147.3 mAh·g^(-1)after 1000 cycles at 1A·g^(-1)).In high-rate,long-cycle sodium-ion batteries,CVO/CNTs composites offer a wide range of possible applications.

关键词： Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs) Co_(2)VO_(4) Carbon nanotubes(CNTs) Anode Long-cycle

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Grain size effect on wear resistance of WC-Co cemented carbides under different tribological conditions

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Journal of materials Science & Technology 2019年第11期35卷 2435-2446页

作者： Haibin Wang mark Gee Qingfan Qiu hannah Zhang Xuemei Liu Hongbo Nie Xiaoyan Song Zuoren Nie College of materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional MaterialsEducation Ministry of ChinaBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China National Physical Laboratory Hampton RoadTeddingtonTW110LWUK Xiamen Tungsten Co. Ltd.Xiamen 361009China

The grain-size dependence of wear resistance of WC-Co cemented carbides(with mean WC grain sizes of 2.2μm,1.6μm,0.8μm and 0.4μm,respectively)was investigated under different tribological *** results showed that the grain size had opposite effects on wear resistance of the cemented carbides in dry sliding wear and microabrasion *** the former condition,with decrease of WC grain size hence the increase of hardness,plastic deformation,fracture,fragmentation and oxidation were all mitigated,leading to a drastic decrease in the wear *** the latter condition,pull-out of WC grains after Co removal dominated the wear,so that the hardness of cemented carbide was not a core *** a result,the wear resistance of the cemented carbide generally showed a decreasing trend with decrease of the grain size,except for a slight increase in the ultrafine-grained cemented ***-pass scratching of the cemented carbides under various loads indicated the same failure mechanism as that in the sliding wear ***,the reasons for severe surface oxidation of the coarse-grained cemented carbides were disclosed.

关键词： Cemented carbide Grain size Fracture Surface oxidation Grain pull-out Wear resistance

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Fixed bimonthly aflibercept in nave and switched neovascular age-related macular degeneration patients:one year outcomes

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2016年第8期9卷 1156-1162页

作者： Alasdair N Warwick hannah H Leaver Andrew J Lotery Srini V Goverdhan Clinical Neurosciences Research Group Clinical and Experimental Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Southampton Southampton Eye Unit University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust

AIm: To determine real life clinical outcomes in poorly responsive and treatment-nave neovascular age-related macular degeneration(nv AmD) patients using bimonthly fixed dosing aflibercept ***: This was a retrospective study of 165 eyes with nv AmD started on aflibercept at Southampton Eye Unit between June 2013 and June 2014. Patients were either switched from pro re nata(PRN) ranibizumab/bevacizumab due to poor response(107 eyes), or treatment- nave( 58 eyes). Patients initially received 3-monthly intravitreal aflibercept injections followed by 2-monthly fixed doses. Clinic visits were scheduled at month 0, 4, 10 and 12. mean change in best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA) and central retinal thickness(CRT)from baseline were assessed using the Wilcoxon signedrank test. The proportion of patients maintaining BCVA(mo was also ***: mean BCVA change at month 12 was +3.29 and +4.67 letters in the switched and nave aflibercept groups respectively(P maintained in 95.3% of switched and 96.6% of nave patients. CRT at month 12 showed a decrease of -6.16 μm in the switched group and -35.36 μm in the nave group(P mab/bevacizumab had on average received 7.4 ranibizumab/bevacizumab injections over 12.6 mo, attending 10 clinic visits. The fixed dosing aflibercept regimen required an average of 7.1 injections(nave group), 7.5 injections(switched group) and 4 clinic visits per ***: Fixed bimonthly aflibercept is effective in both treatment-nave and poorly responsive nv AmD patients. Adopting a fixed dosing regimen can reduce patient burden without compromising on outcomes.

关键词： age-related macular degeneration ranibizumab aflibercept anti-vascular endothelial growth factor

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Exploring the band structure of Wurtzite InAs nanowires using photocurrent spectroscopy

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Nano Research 2020年第6期13卷 1586-1591页

作者： Seyyedesadaf Pournia Samuel Linser Giriraj Jnawali Howard E.Jackson Leigh m.Smith Amira Ameruddin Philippe Caroff Jennifer Wong-Leung Hark Hoe Tan Chennupati Jagadish hannah J.Joyce Department of Physics University of CincinnatiCincinnatiOH45221-0011USA Department of Electronic materials Engineering Research School of PhysicsThe Australian National UniversityCanberraACT2601Australia Department of Engineering University of Cambridge9 JJ Thomson AvenueCambridgeCB30FAUK

Nano Research volume We use polarized photocurrent spectroscopy in a nanowire device to investigate the band structure of hexagonal Wurtzite *** of optical transitions between four valence bands and two conduction bands are observed which are consistent with the symmetries expected from group *** ground state transition energy identified from photocurrent spectra is seen to be consistent with photoluminescence emitted from a cluster of nanowires from the same growth *** the energies of the observed bands we determine the spin orbit and crystal field energies in Wurtzite *** information is vital to the development of crystal phase engineering of this important III-V semiconductor.

关键词： nanowires Wurtzite InAs photocurrent measurement optical selection rules energy band structure

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Development of a modular, biocompatible thiolated gelatin microparticle platform for drug delivery and tissue engineering applications

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2021年第3期8卷 45-56页

作者： hannah A.Pearce Yu Seon Kim Emma Watson Kiana Bahrami mollie m.Smoak Emily Y.Jiang michael Elder Tate Shannon Antonios G.mikos Department of Bioengineering Rice University6500 Main StreetHoustonTX 77030USA

The field of biomaterials has advanced significantly in the past *** the growing need for high-throughput manufacturing and screening,the need for modular materials that enable streamlined fabrication and analysis of tissue engineering and drug delivery schema has *** are a powerful platform that have demonstrated promise in enabling these technologies without the need to modify a bulk *** building block paradigm of using microparticles within larger scaffolds to control cell ratios,growth factors and drug release holds *** microparticles(GmPs)are a well-established platform for cell,drug and growth factor *** of the challenges in using GmPs though is the limited ability to modify the gelatin *** the present work,we hypothesized that by thiolating gelatin before microparticle formation,a versatile platform would be created that preserves the cytocompatibility of gelatin,while enabling post-fabrication *** thiols were not found to significantly impact the physicochemical properties of the ***,the thiolated GmPs were demonstrated to be a biocompatible and robust platform for mesenchymal stem cell ***,the thiolated particles were able to be covalently modified with a maleimide-bearing fluorescent dye and a peptide,demonstrating their promise as a modular platform for tissue engineering and drug delivery applications.

关键词： gelatin microparticles thiolated gelatin microparticles click chemistry cell delivery drug delivery tissue engineering biomaterials

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Counting Steps in Research: A Comparison of Accelerometry and Pedometry

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Open Journal of Preventive medicine 2011年第1期1卷 1-7页

作者： melody Oliver hannah m Badland Janine Shepherd Grant m Schofield 不详

The objective of this study was to assess the validity of the step count functions in Actical accelerometers and activPAL inclinometers, compared with pedome-ter-derived step count data. Firstly, directly observed step counts over 3 treadmill speeds were compared with steps collected from 3 pedometers, accelerometers, and inclinometers in 10 adults. Secondly, step count data were derived from 22 participants who wore a pedome-ter, accelerometer, and inclinometer over 48 hours. Agreement between measurement tools was determined. All monitors appropriately measured steps in the labo-ratory conditions. In free living conditions, the mean percentage differences with pedometer-determined step counts were -7.3% and 7.0% for the Actical and ac-tivPAL monitors, respectively. With the exception of slow walking for the Actical units (ICC mill speeds, and across units during the free living condition. The 95% prediction interval ranges were wide, ranging from -68.8% to 54.2% for the Acticals, and from -39.1% to 53.2% for the activPALs. Step counts gathered from Actical and activPAL units should not be used interchangeably with pedometer-derived step count data.

关键词： Physical activity measurement Pedometer Inclinometer Accelerometer Validation Reliability

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