检索结果-南通市图书馆

Irritable bowel syndrome:A clinical review

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第34期20卷 12144-12160页

作者： Rosa ls Soares Internal Medicine Department Faculty of MedicineFederal Fluminense UniversityRio de Janeiro 24030-210Brazil

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) remains a clinical challenge in the 21st century. It’s the most commonly diagnosed gastrointestinal condition and also the most common reason for referral to gastroenterology clinics. Its can affect up to one in five people at some point in their lives, and has a significantly impact of life quality and health care utilization. The prevalence varies according to country and criteria used to define IBS. Various mechanisms and theories have been proposed about its etiology, but the biopsychosocial model is the most currently accepted for IBS. The complex of symptoms would be the result of the interaction between psychological, behavioral, psychosocial and environmental factors. The diagnosis of IBS is not confirmed by a specific test or structural abnormality. It is made using criteria based on clinical symptoms such as Rome criteria, unless the symptoms are thought to be atypical. Today the Rome Criteria III is the current gold-standard for the diagnoses of IBS. Secure positive evidence of IBS by means of specific disease marker is currently not possible and cannot be currently recommended for routine diagnosis. There is still no clinical evidence to recommend the use of biomarkers in blood to diagnose IBS. However, a number of different changes in IBS patients were demonstrated in recent years, some of which can be used in the future as a diagnostic support. IBS has no definitive treatment but could be controlled by non-pharmacologic management eliminating of some exacerbating factors such certain drugs, stressor conditions and changes in dietary *** traditional pharmacologic management of IBS has been symptom based and several drugs have been used. However, the cornerstone of its therapy is a solid patient physician relationship. This review will provide a summary of pathophysiology, diagnostic criteria and current and emerging therapies for IBS.

关键词： Irritable bowel syndrome Clinical review Pathogenesis Diagnostic Treatment Biopsychosocial model

Low Temperature Deposition of Titanium Nitride

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Materials Science & Technology 1998年第4期14卷 289-293页

作者： Wen, ls Huang, RF Chinese Acad Sci Inst Met Res Shenyang 110015 Peoples R China

Low temperature deposition (LTD) is an actual frontier in materials sicence and engineering, especially for thin film technology. In this paper the fundamentals and processing of low temperature deposition of TiN coating are reviewed. The prerequisites of a low temperature deposition process are enough good densification, hardness and adhesion of the deposited coating. The fundamentals of low temperature deposition are structure zone model and nonequilibrium plasma vapor growth in a combined DC and pulsed electromagnetic fields, namely a combination of a DC bias voltage superimposed by a DC pulsed bias voltage with variable frequency and peak voltage height. Low temperature deposition processing can be realized simply with only stationary electric fields. However, sensitivity of the product quality to the process parameters is the main barrier of this processing in the way to mass production. Low temperature deposition processing using the effects of a combined DC and pulsed electromagnetic fields has attained some promising results for the future commercialization. But they need still further systematic and deep study. The application of low temperature deposition processing is not limited in range of low melting substrate materials. It is also important for internal stress control, defect minimization, microstructure densification and performance improvement for coatings on broad spectrum of substrate materials as well as for different types of applications.

关键词： PUlsE BIAS VOLTAGE RESIDUAL-STRESS ION-BOMBARDMENT HARD COATINGS PVD COATINGS FILM GROWTH TIN ARC RESISTANCE SUBSTRATE

A Safe and Brief Way for Preparing Anhydrous LnCl_3 (Ln=Sc, Y, La to Lu)

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Rare Metals 2000年第2期19卷 157-161,152页

作者： Li, Y Wang, ls Wang, YH Department of Chemistry Northeastern University Shenyang 110006 China

Anhydrous lanthanide chlorides LnCl 3 (Ln=Sc, Y, La to Lu except for Pm), which are difficult to prepare in other ways, were prepared by chemical vapor transport (CVT) process. Rare earth oxide reacted with Al 2Cl 6 at 300℃ to produce LnCl 3, which was then separated from other solids by means of CVT at a temperature gradient from 400 to 180℃. Residual Al 2Cl 6 (g) was removed by carrier of dry N 2 gas at 200℃. The yielding rates were >90%, and the purity of products was >99.5%.

关键词： Anhydrous lanthanide chlorides AlCl 3 Chemical vapor transport

A Calculation Method for Incidence and Reflection of Irregular Waves Along Seawalls

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

China Ocean Engineering 1997年第3期12卷 305-314页

作者： Zhu, ls Sui, SF Chinese Acad Sci S China Sea Inst Oceanol Guangzhou 510301 Peoples R China

Some researches have been made in this aspect. In the method by Walton Jr.(1992), incident waves are supposed to be the overlapping result of M component waves with different frequencies which may take different directions, the direction of incident waves should be available in advance, but in fact the direction of incident waves is not available. In our study, incident waves are supposed to be composed of M overlapping component waves with different frequencies, and different frequencies have different directions. Based on the irregular wave reflection theory, the calculation formulas of wave direction, complex amplitude of incident waves, and complex amplitude of reflected waves in surface which are composed of component waves are derived by means of discrete Fourier transform. Then, the frequency spectra of incident waves and reflected waves and the reflection coefficient of waves with corresponding frequencies are obtained. Verification of the method and the calculation results from in-situ measured data indicate that the method is reliable and highly accurate.

关键词： irregular wave seawall incidence and reflection calculation method

Cellular and molecular mechanisms in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis:An update

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第23期20卷 7260-7276页

作者： Gülsüm ?zlem Elpek Department of Pathology Akdeniz University Medical School07070 AntalyaTurkey

There have been considerable recent advances towards a better understanding of the complex cellular and molecular network underlying liver *** data indicate that the termination of fibrogenic processes and the restoration of deficient fibrolytic pathways may allow the reversal of advanced fibrosis and even ***,efforts have been made to better clarify the cellular and molecular mechanisms that are involved in liver *** of hepatic stellate cells(HSCs)remains a central event in fibrosis,complemented by other sources of matrix-producing cells,including portal fibroblasts,fibrocytes and bone marrow-derived *** cells converge in a complex interaction with neighboring cells to provoke scarring in response to persistent *** the interaction of different cell types,revealing the effects of cytokines on these cells and characterizing the regulatory mechanisms that control gene expression in activated HSCs will enable the discovery of new therapeutic ***,the characterization of different pathways associated with different etiologies aid in the development of disease-specific *** article outlines recent advances regarding the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in liver fibrosis that may be translated into future *** pathogenesis of liver fibrosis associated with alcoholic liver disease,non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and viral hepatitis are also discussed to emphasize the various mechanisms involved in liver fibrosis.

关键词： Liver Liver fibrosis Cirrhosis Fibrogenesis Hepatic stellate cells Myofibroblast Extracellular matrix