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Activation of glutamatergic neurons in the somatosensory cortex promotes remyelination in ischemic vascular dementia

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Fundamental Research 2024年第1期4卷 188-198页

作者： Yi-Ting Zhou Da-Dao An Yi-Xin Xu Ying Zhou Qing-Qing Li hai-bin dai Xiang-Nan Zhang Yi Wang Min Lou Zhong Chen Wei-Wei Hu Department of Pharmacology and Department of Pharmacy of the Second Affiliated Hospital NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical NeurobiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesCollege of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310058China Department of Pharmacy Sir Run Run Shaw HospitalHangzhou 310012China Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province School of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou 310053China Department of Neurology the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang UniversitySchool of MedicineHangzhou 310003China

Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion can cause progressive demyelination as well as ischemic vascular dementia,however no effective treatments are available.Here,based on magnetic resonance imaging studies of patients with white matter damage,we found that this damage is associated with disorganized cortical structure.In a mouse model,optogenetic activation of glutamatergic neurons in the somatosensory cortex significantly promoted oligodendrocyte progenitor cell(OPC)proliferation,remyelination in the corpus callosum,and recovery of cognitive ability after cerebral hypoperfusion.The therapeutic effect of such stimulation was restricted to the upper layers of the cortex,but also spanned a wide time window after ischemia.Mechanistically,enhancement of glutamatergic neuron-OPC functional synaptic connections is required to achieve the protection effect of activating cortical glutamatergic neurons.Additionally,skin stroking,an easier method to translate into clinical practice,activated the somatosensory cortex,thereby promoting OPC proliferation,remyelination and cognitive recovery following cerebral hypoperfusion.In summary,we demonstrated that activating glutamatergic neurons in the somatosensory cortex promotes the proliferation of OPCs and remyelination to recover cognitive function after chronic cerebral hypoperfusion.It should be noted that this activation may provide new approaches for treating ischemic vascular dementia via the precise regulation of glutamatergic neuron-OPC circuits.

关键词： Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion Optogenetic stimulation Oligodendrocyte progenitor cellIschemic vascular dementia Glutamatergic neuron Remyelination

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Role of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in the pulmonary fi brosis induced by paraquat in rats

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2021年第3期12卷 214-220页

作者： Jian-hua Yi Zhao-cai Zhang Mei-bian Zhang Xin He Hao-ran Lin hai-wen Huang hai-bin dai Yu-wen Huang Emergency Department the Second Affi liated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310009China Scientifi c Research Department the Second Affi liated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310009China Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention Hangzhou 301051China Shangyu People’s Hospital Shaoxing 312300China Pharmacy Department the Second Affi liated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310009China

BACKGROUND:This study aims to explore the characteristics of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition(EMT)process and its underlying molecular mechanisms in the period of paraquat(PQ)-induced pulmonary fi brosis(PF).METHODS:Picrosirius red staining and collagen volume fraction were utilized to evaluate the pathological changes of PQ-induced PF in rats.Immunohistochemistry,Western blot,and real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)were used to measure the protein and gene expression of EMT markers,EMT-associated transcription factors,and regulators of EMT-related pathways,respectively.RESULTS:The collagen deposition in the alveolar septum and increased PF markers were characteristics of pathological changes in PQ-induced PF,reached a peak on day 14 after PQ poisoning,and then decreased on day 21.The protein and gene expression of the fibrosis marker,EMT markers,transcription factors,and regulators of EMT-related signaling pathways signifi cantly increased at diff erent time points after PQ poisoning compared with corresponding controls(P0.05).CONCLUSIONS:EMT process plays a role in the PQ-induced PF,in which most PF and EMT markers have a peak phenomenon,and its underlying molecular mechanisms might be determined by further studies.

关键词： Pulmonary fibrosis Paraquat Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition Rats

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Grain refinement of 5A06 aluminum alloy welds caused by tungsten inert gas welding arc characteristics under Ar-He alternating gas supply conditions:a coupled method of water-cooled copper plate test/numerical simulation

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2024年第3期31卷 767-777页

作者： Hong-bin dai Jian Miao Jia-xin Lin School of Materials Science and Engineering Harbin University of Science and TechnologyHarbin 150040HeilongjiangChina

The welding arc,as a carrier for the conversion of electrical energy to thermal energy,has a direct impact on the quality of welding by its properties and states.In the tungsten inert gas(TIG)welding process under the condition of Ar-He alternating gas supply,the arc is alternately converted between Ar arc and He arc with an alternating gas supply cycle,which has obvious arc change characteristics.The FLUENT software was used to numerically simulate the characteristics of the TIG arc under the condition of alternating gas supply,and the arc temperature field,arc pressure,electric potential and current density distribution under the condition of alternating gas supply were obtained.Combined with the real-time data of arc pressure measured by the water-cooled copper plate with holes,it is proved that the TIG arc has obvious dynamic characteristics under the condition of Ar-He alternating gas supply.This unique dynamic TIG arc acts on the 5A06 aluminum alloy weld,causing the molten pool to stir,resulting in uniform microstructure and grain refinement at the weld,and thereby improving the mechanical properties of the welded joint.

关键词： Alternating gas supply Grain refinement Numerical simulation Tungsten argon arc morphology Microstructure Mechanical property

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Comparison of the clinical effects of dual-modality endoscopy and traditional laparotomy for the treatment of intra-and extrahepatic bile duct stones

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第3期16卷 759-767页

作者： Wei Wang Hui Xia bin dai Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery Wuhan No.1 HospitalWuhan 430030Hubei ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Bile duct stones(BDSs)may cause patients to develop liver cirrhosis or even liver cancer.Currently,the success rate of surgical treatment for intrahepatic and extrahepatic BDSs is not satisfactory,and there is a risk of postoperative complic-ations.AIM To compare the clinical effects of dual-modality endoscopy(duodenoscopy and laparoscopy)with those of traditional laparotomy in the treatment of intra-and extrahepatic BDSs.METHODS Ninety-five patients with intra-and extrahepatic BDSs who sought medical services at Wuhan No.1 Hospital between August 2019 and May 2023 were selected;45 patients in the control group were treated by traditional laparotomy,and 50 patients in the research group were treated by dual-modality endoscopy.The following factors were collected for analysis:curative effects,safety(incision infection,biliary fistula,lung infection,hemobilia),surgical factors[surgery time,intraoperative blood loss(IBL)volume,gastrointestinal function recovery time,and length of hospital stay],serum inflammatory markers[tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α,interleukin(IL)-6,and IL-8],and oxidative stress[glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),superoxide dismutase(SOD),malondialdehyde(MDA),and advanced protein oxidation products(AOPPs)].RESULTS The analysis revealed markedly better efficacy(an obviously higher total effective rate)in the research group than in the control group.In addition,an evidently lower postoperative complication rate,shorter surgical duration,gastrointestinal function recovery time and hospital stay,and lower IBL volume were observed in the research group.Furthermore,the posttreatment serum inflammatory marker(TNF-α,IL-6,and IL-8)levels were significantly lower in the research group than in the control group.Compared with those in the control group,the posttreatment GSH-Px,SOD,MDA and AOPPs in the research group were equivalent to the pretreatment levels;for example,the GSH-Px and SOD levels were significantly higher,while the MDA and AOPP levels were lower.CONCLUSION Dual-modality endoscopy therap

关键词： Dual-modality endoscopy Traditional laparotomy Intra-and extrahepatic bile duct stones Clinical efficacy

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Enhanced piezoelectric performance of Cr/Ta non-equivalent co-doped Bi_(4)Ti_(3)O_(12)-based high-temperature piezoceramics

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第3期13卷 263-271页

作者： Xuanyu Chen Ziqi Ma bin Li Yejing dai School of Materials Sun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhen 518107China

In this study,(Cr_(1/3)/Ta_(2/3))non-equivalent co-doped Bi_(4)Ti_(3)O_(12)(BIT)ceramics were prepared to solve the problem that high piezoelectric performance,high Curie temperature,and high-temperature resistivity could not be achieved simultaneously in BIT-based ceramics.A series of Bi_(4)Ti_(3-x)(Cr_(1/3)Ta_(2/3))_(x)O_(12)(x=0-0.04)ceramics were synthesized by the solid-state reaction method.The phase structure,microstructure,piezoelectric performance,and conductive mechanism of the samples were systematically investigated.The B-site non-equivalent co-doping strategy combining high-valence Ta^(5+)and low-valence Cr^(3+)significantly enhances electrical properties due to a decrease in oxygen vacancy concentration.Bi_(4)Ti_(2.97)(Cr_(1/3)Ta_(2/3))_(0.03)O_(12)ceramics exhibit a high piezoelectric coefficient(d_(33)=26 pC·N^(-1))and a high Curie temperature(TC=687℃).Moreover,the significantly increased resistivity(ρ=2.8×10^(6)Ω·cm at 500℃)and good piezoelectric stability up to 600℃are also obtained for this composition.All the results demonstrate that Cr/Ta co-doped BIT-based ceramics have great potential to be applied in high-temperature piezoelectric applications.

关键词： high temperature piezoelectricity co-doped Bi_(4)Ti_(3)O_(12)(BIT)

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Species profile and reactivity of volatile organic compounds emission in solvent uses,industry activities and from vehicular tunnels

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 546-559页

作者： haimei Huang Zhangwei Wang Chunhao dai hai Wu Jia Guo Chunjie Wang Xiaoshan Zhang State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Hunan Agricultural University Changsha 430106China National Institute of Metrology Beijing 100029China

A survey was conducted of the volatile organic compounds(VOCs)released from sources of solvent use,industry activities and vehicle emissions in Guiyang,a capital city of China.Samples were collected by canisters and analyzed by GC-MS-FID.The species profiles of VOCs emitted from sources were obtained.Results showed that xylenes,ethylbenzene,acetone and dichloromethane were the characteristics species for painting,2-propanol and ethyl acetate for printing,α-pinene for solid wood furniture manufacturing,and 2-butanone for biscuit baking.These characteristics species could be as tracers for the sources respectively.In most of samples from the solvent use,the benzene/toluene(B/T)ratio was less than 0.3,indicating that the ratio could be as the indicator for tracing the solvent use related sources.The results also suggested that the toluene/xylene(T/X)ratio be as the indicator to distinguish the VOCs sources of painting(2).Aromatics contributed the most to ozone formation potential(OFP)of most painting and non-paper printing sources,and oxygen-containing VOCs(OVOCs)were major species contributing to OFP of the sources from food production and paper printing.The OFP of the VOCs emissions from vehicle in tunnels and from other manufactures were dominated by both aromatics and alkenes.Theα-pinene could explain 56.94%and 32.54%of total OFP of the VOCs sources from filing cabinet and solid wood furniture manufacturing,which was rarely been involved in previous studies of VOCs source profiles,indicating that the species of concern for VOCs sources are still insufficient at present.

关键词： Volatile organic compounds(VOCs) Species profile BTEX ratio Source reactivity

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Churning loss characteristics of a wet three-phase high-speed reluctance motor

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2024年第3期25卷 251-267页

作者： Zhenzhou ZHANG Mingzhu dai Chenchen ZHANG Yi CHEN bin MENG College of Mechanical Engineering Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310023China

With the increasing requirements of electro-hydrostatic actuators(EHAs)for power,volume,and pressure,there is a growing tendency in the industry to combine the motor and pump to form a so-called'motor pump'to improve the integration.In this paper,a novel structure for a wet three-phase high-speed reluctance motor pump is proposed,which can further improve integration by removing the dynamic seal on the pump shaft,thereby avoiding the problems of dynamic seal wear and oil leakage and improving heat dissipation under high-speed working conditions.However,after the motor is wetted,the churning loss caused by immersion of the rotor in the oil causes additional fluid resistance torque.Based on fundamental fluid mechanics,an analytical model of the churning torque of a wet motor was established.To verify the accuracy of the analytical model,a simulation model of churning loss was established based on computational fluid dynamics(CFD),and the churning torque and flow field state were analyzed.Finally,an experimental prototype was designed and manufactured,and a test bench for churning loss was built.The oil churning torque was measured at different speeds and temperatures.The results from the analytical,simulation,and experimental models agreed well.The experimental results validated the analytical model and CFD simulation.This research provides a practical method for calculating the churning loss and serves as guidance for future optimization of churning loss reduction.

关键词： Motor pump Wet motor Churning loss Analytical model Computational fluid dynamics(CFD)

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Fangji Fuling Decoction Alleviates Sepsis by Blocking MAPK14/FOXO3A Signaling Pathway

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第3期30卷 230-242页

作者： WANG Yi CHEN Ming-qi dai Lin-feng ZHANG hai-dong WANG Xing Department of Critical Care Medicine Changzhou Hospital of Traditional of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineChangzhouJiangsu Province213000China Department of Critical Care Medicine Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing210029China

Objective:To examine the therapeutic effect of Fangji Fuling Decoction(FFD) on sepsis through network pharmacological analysis combined with in vitro and in vivo experiments.Methods:A sepsis mouse model was constructed through intraperitoneal injection of 20 mg/kg lipopolysaccharide(LPS).RAW264.7 cells were stimulated by 250 ng/m L LPS to establish an in vitro cell model.Network pharmacology analysis identified the key molecular pathway associated with FFD in sepsis.Through ectopic expression and depletion experiments,the effect of FFD on multiple organ damage in septic mice,as well as on cell proliferation and apoptosis in relation to the mitogen-activated protein kinase 14/Forkhead Box O 3A(MAPK14/FOXO3A) signaling pathway,was analyzed.Results:FFD reduced organ damage and inflammation in LPS-induced septic mice and suppressed LPS-induced macrophage apoptosis and inflammation in vitro(P<0.05).Network pharmacology analysis showed that FFD could regulate the MAPK14/FOXO signaling pathway during sepsis.As confirmed by in vitro cell experiments,FFD inhibited the MAPK14 signaling pathway or FOXO3A expression to relieve LPS-induced macrophage apoptosis and inflammation(P<0.05).Furthermore,FFD inhibited the MAPK14/FOXO3A signaling pathway to inhibit LPS-induced macrophage apoptosis in the lung tissue of septic mice(P<0.05).Conclusion:FFD could ameliorate the LPS-induced inflammatory response in septic mice by inhibiting the MAPK14/FOXO3A signaling pathway.

关键词： sepsis Fangji Fuling Decoction mitogen-activated protein kinase 14/Forkhead Box O 3A signaling pathway inflammatory response apoptosis lung injury Chinese medicine

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Study on the optimal incident proton energy of ^(7)Li(p,n)^(7)Be neutron source for boron neutron capture therapy

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第3期35卷 170-180页

作者： Yi-Nan Zhu Zuo-Kang Lin hai-Yan Yu Ye dai Zhi-Min dai Xiao-Han Yu Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China University of Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 100049China

Boron neutron capture therapy(BNCT)is recognized as a precise binary targeted radiotherapy technique that effectively eliminates tumors through the^(10)B(n,α)^(7)Li nuclear reaction.Among various neutron sources,accelerator-based sources have emerged as particularly promising for BNCT applications.The^(7)Li(p,n)^(7)Be reaction is highly regarded as a potential neutron source for BNCT,owing to its low threshold energy for the reaction,significant neutron yield,appropriate average neutron energy,and additional benefits.This study utilized Monte Carlo simulations to model the physical interactions within a lithium target subjected to proton bombardment,including neutron moderation by an MgF_(2)moderator and subsequent BNCT dose analysis using a Snyder head phantom.The study focused on calculating the yields of epithermal neutrons for various incident proton energies,finding an optimal energy at 2.7 MeV.Furthermore,the Snyder head phantom was employed in dose simulations to validate the effectiveness of this specific incident energy when utilizing a^(7)Li(p,n)^(7)Be neutron source for BNCT purposes.

关键词： Boron neutron capture therapy ^(7)Li(p,n)7Be neutron source Incident proton energy Monte Carlo simulation

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Defect detection and repair algorithm for structures generated by topology optimization based on 3D hierarchical fully convolutional network

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Biomimetic Intelligence & Robotics 2024年第2期4卷 24-31页

作者： Zhiyu Wan hai Lan Sichao Lin Houde dai School of Advanced Manufacturing Fuzhou UniversityJinjiang 362251China Quanzhou Institute of Equipment Manufacturing Haixi InstitutesChinese Academy of SciencesJinjiang 362216China Fujian Key Laboratory of Special Intelligent Equipment Safety Measurement and Control Fujian Special Equipment Inspection and Research InstituteFuzhou 350008China

Customized 3D-printed structural parts are widely used in surgical robotics.To satisfy the mechanical properties and kinematic functions of these structural parts,a topology optimization technique is adopted to obtain the optimal structural layout while meeting the constraints and objectives.However,topology optimization currently faces some practical challenges that must be addressed,such as ensuring that structures do not have significant defects when converted to additive manufacturing models.To address this problem,we designed a 3D hierarchical fully convolutional network(FCN)to predict the precise position of the defective structures.Based on the prediction results,an effective repair strategy is adopted to repair the defective structure.A series of experiments is conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.Compared to the 2D fully convolutional network and the rule-based detection method,our approach can accurately capture most defect structures and achieve 89.88%precision and 95.59%recall.Furthermore,we investigate the impact of different ways to increase the receptive field of our model,as well as the trade-off between different defect-repairing strategies.The results of the experiment demonstrate that the hierarchical structure,which increases the receptive field,can substantially improve the defect detection performance.To the best of our knowledge,this paper is the first to investigate 3D defect prediction and repair for topology optimization in conjunction with deep learning algorithms,providing practical tools and new perspectives for the subsequent development of topology optimization techniques.

关键词： Topology optimization Additive manufacturing Deep learning 3D semantic segmentation Defect detection

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