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Inflammation in diabetic retinopathy: possible roles in pathogenesis and potential implications for therapy

Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第5期18卷 976-982页

作者： Lei Tang guo-tong xu Jing-Fa Zhang Department of Ophthalmology of tongji Hospital Tongji Eye InstituteDepartment of Regenerative Medicineand Department of PharmacologyTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina Department of Ophthalmology Shanghai General Hospital(Shanghai First People’s Hospital)Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus DiseasesShanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and PhotomedicineShanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye DiseasesShanghaiChina

Diabetic retinopathy, characterized as a microangiopathy and neurodegenerative disease, is the leading cause of visual impairment in diabetic patients. Many clinical features observed in diabetic retinopathy, such as capillary occlusion, acellular capillaries and retinal non-perfusion, aggregate retinal ischemia and represent relatively late events in diabetic retinopathy. In fact, retinal microvascular injury is an early event in diabetic retinopathy involving multiple biochemical alterations, and is manifested by changes to the retinal neurovascular unit and its cellular components. Currently, intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy is the firstline treatment for diabetic macular edema, and benefits the patient by decreasing the edema and improving visual acuity. However, a significant proportion of patients respond poorly to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatments, indicating that factors other than vascular endothelial growth factor are involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic macular edema. Accumulating evidence confirms that low-grade inflammation plays a critical role in the pathogenesis and development of diabetic retinopathy as multiple inflammatory factors, such as interleukin-1β, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 and tumor necrosis factor-α, are increased in the vitreous and retina of diabetic retinopathy patients. These inflammatory factors, together with growth factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor, contribute to blood-retinal barrier breakdown, vascular damage and neuroinflammation, as well as pathological angiogenesis in diabetic retinopathy, complicated by diabetic macular edema and proliferative diabetic retinopathy. In addition, retinal cell types including microglia, Müller glia, astrocytes, retinal pigment epithelial cells, and others are activated, to secrete inflammatory mediators, aggravating cell apoptosis and subsequent vascular leakage. New therapies, targeting these inflammatory molecules or related signaling pathways, have the potential to inhi

关键词： anti-inflammation therapy anti-vascular endothelial growth factor diabetic retinopathy hyperreflectivity foci inflammation inflammatory cells inflammatory cytokines leukostasis microglia Müller cells

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SEMI-IMPLICIT SPECTRAL DEFERRED CORRECTION METHODS BASED ON SECOND-ORDER TIME INTEGRATION SCHEMES FOR NONLINEAR PDES

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2024年第1期42卷 111-133页

作者： Ruihan guo Yan xu School of Mathematics and Statistics Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China School of Mathematical Sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

In[20],a semi-implicit spectral deferred correction(SDC)method was proposed,which is efficient for highly nonlinear partial differential equations(PDEs).The semi-implicit SDC method in[20]is based on first-order time integration methods,which are corrected iteratively,with the order of accuracy increased by one for each additional iteration.In this paper,we will develop a class of semi-implicit SDC methods,which are based on second-order time integration methods and the order of accuracy are increased by two for each additional iteration.For spatial discretization,we employ the local discontinuous Galerkin(LDG)method to arrive at fully-discrete schemes,which are high-order accurate in both space and time.Numerical experiments are presented to demonstrate the accuracy,efficiency and robustness of the proposed semi-implicit SDC methods for solving complex nonlinear PDEs.

关键词： Spectral deferred correction method Nonlinear PDEs Local discontinuous Galerkin method Second-order scheme

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Design of an automated robotic microinjection system for batch injection of zebrafish embryos and larvae

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 89-103页

作者： Zhongyi guo Nana Ai Wei Ge Qingsong xu Department of Electromechanical Engineering Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of MacaoMacaoChina Department of Biomedical Sciences and Centre of Reproduction Development and Aging(CRDA)Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of MacaoMacaoChina

This paper presents the design of a vision-based automated robotic microinjection system for batch injection of both zebrafish embryos and larvae.A novel visual recognition algorithm based on an automatic threshold and excessive dilatation is introduced to accurately identify the center of zebrafish embryos and larval yolks.A corresponding software system is developed using the producer-consumer model as the framework structure,and a friendly user interface is designed to allow operators to choose from a range of desired functions according to their different needs.In addition,a novel microstructural agarose device is designed and fabricated to simultaneously immobilize mixed batches of embryos and larvae.Moreover,a prototype microinjection system is fabricated by integrating hardware devices with visual algorithms.An experimental study is conducted to verify the performance of the robotic microinjection system.The results show that the reported system can accurately identify zebrafish embryos and larvae and efficiently complete batch microinjection tasks of the mixtures with an injection success rate of 92.05%in 13.88 s per sample.Compared with manual and existing microinjection systems,the proposed system demonstrates the merits of versatility,excellent efficiency,high success rate,high survival rate,and sufficient stability.

关键词： zebra automated hardware

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From 0D to 3D:Hierarchical structured high-performance free-standing silicon anodes based on binder-induced topological network architecture

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第6期93卷 16-23,I0002页

作者： Yihong tong Ruicheng Cao Guanghui xu Yifeng Xia Hongyuan xu Hong Jin Hui xu Xi’an Jiaotong University Suzhou Academy Suzhou 215123JiangsuChina Nano Science and Technology Institute University of Science and Technology of ChinaSuzhou 215123JiangsuChina

Free-standing silicon anodes with high proportion of active materials have aroused great attention;however,the mechanical stability and electrochemical performance are severely suppressed.Herein,to resolve the appeal issues,a free-standing anode with a"corrugated paper"shape on micro-scale and a topological crosslinking network on the submicron and nano-scale is designed.Essentially,an integrated three-dimensional electrode structure is constructed based on robust carbon nanotubes network with firmly anchored SiNPs via forming interlocking junctions.In which,the hierarchical interlocking structure is achieved by directional induction of the binder,which ensures well integration during cycling so that significantly enhances mechanical stability as well as electronic and ionic conductivity of electrodes.Benefiting from it,this anode exhibits outsta nding performance under harsh service conditions including high Si loading,ultrahigh areal capacity(33.2 mA h cm^(-2)),and high/low temperatures(-15-60℃),which significantly extends its practical prospect.Furthermore,the optimization mechanism of this electrode is explored to verify the crack-healing and structure-integration maintaining along cycling via a unique self-stabilization process.Thus,from both the fundamental and engineering views,this strategy offers a promising path to produce high-performance free-standing electrodes for flexible device applications especially facing volume effect challenges.

关键词： Topological network Self-stabilization Flexibility Free-standing Silicon anode

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A General Simulation Method for Complex Deformation of Irregular-Shaped Origami Configurations

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2024年第1期37卷 90-98页

作者： Zhaochen Dong Yichao Zhu xu guo State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment Department of Engineering MechanicsInternational Research Center for Computational MechanicsDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116023China

Most existing treatments for origami-folding simulations have focused on regular-shaped configurations.This article aims to introduce a general strategy for simulating and analyzing the deformation process of irregular shapes by means of computational capabilities nowadays.To better simulate origami deformation with folding orders,the concept of plane follow-up is introduced to achieve automated computer simulation of complex folding patterns,thereby avoiding intersection and penetration between planes.Based on the evaluation criteria such as the lowest storage energy with tightening and the fastest pace from tightening to unfolding,the optimal crease distribution patterns for four irregular(‘N’-,‘T’-,‘O’-,and‘P’-shaped)origami configurations are then presented under five candidates.When the dimensions of the origami are fixed,it is discovered that simpler folding patterns lead to faster deformation of the origami configuration.When the folding complexity is fixed,higher strain energy results in more rapid origami expansion.

关键词： Irregular-shaped origami Complex deformation Computer-aided origami design General simulation

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Novel variants in DNAH6 cause male infertility associated with multiple morphological abnormalities of the sperm flagella(MMAF)and ICSI outcomes

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第1期26卷 91-98页

作者： Zhong-Mei Shao Yu-tong Zhu Meng Gu Sen-Chao guo Hui Yu Kuo-Kuo Li Dong-Dong Tang Yu-Ping xu Ming-Rong Lv Reproductive Medicine Center Department of Obstetrics and Gynecologythe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230022China Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Fuyang Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityFuyang 236112China NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract(Anhui Medical University) Hefei 230032China Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle(Anhui Medical University) Ministry of Education of the People'sRepublicof ChinaHefei 230032China

Variations in the dynein axonemal heavy chain gene,dynein axonemal heavy chain 6(DNAH6),lead to multiple morphological abnormalities of the flagella.Recent studies have reported that these deficiencies may result in sperm head deformation.However,whether DNAH6 is also involved in human acrosome biogenesis remains unknown.The purpose of this study was to investigate DNAH6 gene variants and their potential functions in the formation of defective sperm heads and flagella.Whole-exome sequencing was performed on a cohort of 375 patients with asthenoteratozoospermia from the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University(Hefei,China).Hematoxylin and eosin staining,scanning electron microscopy,and transmission electron microscopy were performed to analyze the sperm morphology and ultrastructure.Immunofluorescence staining and Western blot analysis were conducted to examine the effects of genetic variants.We identified three novel deleterious variants in DNAH6 among three unrelated families.The absence of inner dynein arms and radial spokes was observed in the sperm of patients with DNAH6 variants.Additionally,deficiencies in the acrosome,abnormal chromatin compaction,and vacuole-containing sperm heads were observed in these patients with DNAH6 variants.The decreased levels of the component proteins in these defective structures were further confirmed in sperm from patients with DNAH6 variants using Western blot.After intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSl)treatment,the partner of one patient with a DNAH6 variant achieved successful pregnancy.Overall,novel variants in DNAH6 genes that contribute to defects in the sperm head and flagella were identified,and the findings indicated Icsl as an effective clinical treatment for such patients.

关键词： asthenoteratospermia DNAH6 intracytoplasmic sperm injection male infertility

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Association between MTHFR c.677C>T variant and erectile dysfunction among males attending fertility clinic

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第1期26卷 41-45页

作者： Shun Bai Ming-Zhen Li Yang-Yang Wan xue-Chun Hu Yi-xun Liu Xian-Hong tong tong-Hang guo Lu Zong Ran Liu Yuan-Qi Zhao Ping Xiang Bo xu Xiao-Hua Jiang Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Reproductive and Genetic HospitalThe First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of ChinaDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230001China NHC Key Laboratory of Male Reproduction and Genetics Guangdong Provincial Reproductive Science Institute(Guangdong Provincial Fertility Hospital)Guangzhou 510600China Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of ChinaDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230001China Wannan Medical College Wuhu 241002China

Genetic risk factors have been shown to contribute to the development of sexual dysfunction.However,the role of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase(MTHFR)gene variants in the risk of erectile dysfunction(ED)remains unclear.In this study,we recruited 1254 participants who underwent ED assessed by the International Index of Erectile Function-5.The MTHFR c.677C>T variant was also measured by fluorescence polymerase chain reaction(PCR).No significant difference in the genotypic frequency of the MTHFR C677T polymorphism(CC,CT,and TT)was observed between men from the ED and non-ED groups.In addition,on binary logistic regression analysis,both crude and adjusted models showed that the risk of ED was not significantly associated with the C677T polymorphism.Interestingly,a significantly higher frequency of the 677TT polymorphism was found in severe and moderate ED(P=O.02).The positive correlation between the MTHFR 677TT polymorphism and severe ED was confirmed by logistic regression analysis,even after adjusting for potential confounders(odds ratio[OR]=2.46,95%confidence interval[CI]:1.15-5.50,P=0.02).These findings suggest a positive correlation between the MTHFR 677TT polymorphism and the risk of severe ED.Identification of MTHFR gene polymorphisms may provide complementary information for ED patients during routineclinicaldiagnosis.

关键词： erectile dysfunction gene variant genetic risk factors methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase sexual function

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Crystal facet-dependent CO_(2)cycloaddition to epoxides over ZnO catalysts

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2024年第5期18卷 49-59页

作者： Yongjian Wei Ying Li Yunfei xu Yinghui Sun tong xu Haiou Liang Jie Bai Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Industrial Catalysis Hohhot 010051China College of Chemical Engineering Inner Mongolia University of TechnologyHohhot 010051China

With regard to green chemistry and sustainable development,the fixation of CO_(2)into epoxides to form cyclic carbonates is an attractive and promising pathway for CO_(2)utilization.Metal oxides,renowned as promising eco-friendly catalysts for industrial production,are often undervalued in terms of their impact on the CO_(2)addition reaction.In this work,we successfully developed ZnO nanoplates with(002)surfaces and ZnO nanorods with(100)surfaces via morphology-oriented regulation to explore the effect of crystal faces on CO_(2)cycloaddition.The quantitative data obtained from electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy indicated that the concentration of oxygen vacancies on the ZnO nanoplate surfaces was more than twice that on the ZnO nanorod surfaces.Density functional theory calculations suggested that the(002)surfaces have lower adsorption energies for CO_(2)and epichlorohydrin than the(100)surfaces.As a result,the yield of cyclochloropropene carbonate on the ZnO nanoplates(64.7%)was much greater than that on the ZnO nanorods(42.3%).Further evaluation of the reused catalysts revealed that the decrease in the oxygen vacancy concentration was the primary factor contributing to the decrease in catalytic performance.Based on these findings,a possible catalytic mechanism for CO_(2)cycloaddition with epichlorohydrin was proposed.This work provides a new idea for the controllable preparation of high-performance ZnO catalysts for the synthesis of cyclic carbonates from CO_(2)and epoxides.

关键词： carbon dioxide cycloaddition zinc oxide crystal face oxygen vacancy

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Neutron irradiation influence on high-power thyristor device under fusion environment

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第4期35卷 65-81页

作者： Wei tong Hua Li Meng xu Zhi-Quan Song Bo Chen School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China Institute of Plasma Physics Hefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China

Because of their economy and applicability,high-power thyristor devices are widely used in the power supply systems for large fusion devices.When high-dose neutrons produced by deuterium–tritium(D–T)fusion reactions are irradiated on a thyristor device for a long time,the electrical characteristics of the device change,which may eventually cause irreversible damage.In this study,with the thyristor switch of the commutation circuit in the quench protection system(QPS)of a fusion device as the study object,the relationship between the internal physical structure and external electrical parameters of the irradiated thyristor is established.Subsequently,a series of targeted thyristor physical simulations and neutron irradiation experiments are conducted to verify the accuracy of the theoretical analysis.In addition,the effect of irradiated thyristor electrical characteristic changes on the entire QPS is studied by accurate simulation,providing valuable guidelines for the maintenance and renovation of the QPS.

关键词： Fusion device Neutron irradiation effects Thyristor Quench protection

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Prediction model on hydrolysis kinetics of phthalate monoester:A density functional theory study

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 51-58页

作者： tong xu Jingwen Chen Deming Xia Weihao Tang Jiansheng Cui Chun Liu Shuangjiang Li College of Environmental Science and Engineering Hebei University of Science and TechnologyShijiazhuang 050000China Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering(Ministry of Education) School of Environmental Science and TechnologyDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and ManagementInstitute of Eco-environmental and Soil SciencesGuangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China

As primary degradation products of phthalate esters,phthalate monoesters(MPEs)have been widely detected in various aquatic environments and drawn growing toxicological concerns.Hydrolysis kinetics that is of importance for assessing environmental persistence of chemicals remain elusive for MPEs.Herein,kinetics of base-catalyzed and neutral hydrolysis for 18 MPEs with different leaving groups was investigated by density functional theory calculation.Results indicate that MPEs with leaving groups having p Kaof<10 prefer dissociative transition states.MPEs are more persistent than their parents,and their hydrolysis half-lives were calculated to vary from 3.4 min to 79.2 years(p H=7–9).A quantitative structure-activity relationship model was developed for predicting the hydrolysis kinetics parameters.It was found that p Kaof the leaving groups and electronegativity of the MPEs are key factors determining the hydrolysis kinetics.This work may lay a theoretical foundation for better understanding the chemical process that governs MPE persistence in aquatic environments.

关键词： Phthalate monoesters Phthalate esters Hydrolysis Density functional theory Quantitative structure-activity relationship

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