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Probiotic cocktails accelerate baicalin metabolism in the ileum to modulate intestinal health in broiler chickens

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 779-794页

作者： Mingkun Gao Chaoyong Liao Jianyang Fu Zhonghua Ning Zengpeng Lv yuming guo State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Background Baicalin and probiotic cocktails are promising feed additives with broad application *** probiotic cocktails are known to enhance intestinal health,the potential synergistic impact of combining baicalin with probiotic cocktails on the gut health of broiler chickens remains largely ***,this study aims to investigate the influence of the combined administration of baicalin and probiotic cocktails on the composition of ileal and cecal microbiota in broiler chickens to elucidate the underlying mechanisms responsible for the healthpromoting *** A total of 3201-day-old male Arbor Acres broilers were divided into 4 groups,each with 8 replicates of 10 chicks per *** a period of 42 d,the birds were fed a basal diet or the same diet supplemented with 37.5 g/t baicalin(BC),1,000 g/t probiotic cocktails(PC),or a combination of both BC(37.5 g/t)and PC(1,000 g/t).The results demonstrated that BC+PC exhibited positive synergistic effects,enhancing intestinal morphology,immune function,and barrier *** was evidenced by increased VH/CD ratio,sIgA levels,and upregulated expression of occludin and claudin-1(P<0.05).16S rRNA analysis indicated that PC potentiated the effects of BC,particularly in the ileum,where BC+PC significantly increased theα-diversity of the ileal microbiota,altered itsβ-diversity,and increased the relative abundance of Flavonifractor(P<0.05),a flavonoid-metabolizing ***,Flavonifractor positively correlated with chicken ileum crypt depth(P<0.05).While BC+PC had a limited effect on cecal microbiota structure,the PC group had a very similar microbial composition to BC+PC,suggesting that the effect of PC at the distal end of the gut overshadowed those of *** We demonstrated the synergistic enhancement of gut health regulation in broiler chickens by combining baicalin and probiotic *** cocktails enhanced the effects of baicalin and accelerated its metab

关键词： Baicalin Gut health Ileal microbiota Probiotic cocktails Synergistic effects

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Ginkgo biloba extract alleviates fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome in laying hens via reshaping gut microbiota

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 277-294页

作者： Xinyue Yang Depeng Li Meihong Zhang Yuqing Feng Xiaolu Jin Dan Liu yuming guo Yongfei Hu State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Background Ginkgo biloba extract(GBE)is evidenced to be effective in the prevention and alleviation of metabolic disorders,including obesity,diabetes and fatty liver ***,the role of GBE in alleviating fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome(FLHS)in laying hens and the underlying mechanisms remain to be ***,we investigated the effects of GBE on relieving FLHS with an emphasis on the modulatory role of GBE in chicken gut *** The results showed that GBE treatment ameliorated biochemical blood indicators in high-fat diet(HFD)-induced FLHS laying hen model by decreasing the levels of TG,TC,ALT and *** lipid accumulation and pathological score of liver were also relieved after GBE ***,GBE treatment enhanced the antioxidant activity of liver and serum by increasing GSH,SOD,T-AOC,GSH-PX and reducing MDA,and downregulated the expression of genes related to lipid synthesis(FAS,LXRα,GPAT1,PPARγand Ch REBP1)and inflammatory cytokines(TNF-α,IL-6,TLR4 and NF-κB)in the *** profiling analysis revealed that GBE treatment reshaped the HFD-perturbed gut microbiota,particularly elevated the abundance of Megasphaera in the ***,targeted metabolomic analysis of SCFAs revealed that GBE treatment significantly promoted the production of total SCFAs,acetate and propionate,which were positively correlated with the GBE-enriched gut ***,we confirmed that the GBE-altered gut microbiota was sufficient to alleviate FLHS by fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT).Conclusions We provided evidence that GBE alleviated FLHS in HFD-induced laying hens through reshaping the composition of gut *** findings shed light on mechanism underlying the anti-FLHS efficacy of GBE and lay foundations for future use of GBE as additive to prevent and control FLHS in laying hen industry.

关键词： Antioxidation Fecal microbiota transplantation FLHS Ginkgo biloba extract Inflammation Megasphaera

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Maternal supplementation with mulberry-leaf flavonoids improves the development of skeletal muscle in the offspring of chickens

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ANIMAL NUTRITION 2024年第3期18卷 72-83页

作者： Huang, Zhenwu Dai, Hongjian Li, Simeng Wang, Zhe Wei, Quanwei Ning, Zhonghua guo, yuming Shi, Fangxiong Lv, Zengpeng China Agr Univ Coll Anim Sci & Technol State Key Lab Anim Nutr & Feeding Beijing 100193 Peoples R China Nanjing Agr Univ Coll Anim Sci & Technol Nanjing 210095 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Agr Sci Inst Anim Sci State Key Lab Anim Nutr & Feeding Beijing 100193 Peoples R China Aksu Vocat Tech Coll Sch Bioengn Aksu 843000 Peoples R China

The development of skeletal muscle is a crucial factor in determining the meat yield and economic benefits of broiler production. Recent research has shown that mulberry leaves and their extracts can be used to significantly improve the growth performance of livestock and poultry. The present study aims to elucidate the mechanisms involved in the regulation of skeletal muscle development in broiler offspring by dietary mulberry-leaf flavonoids (MLF) supplementation from the perspective of maternal effect theory. A total of 270 Qiling broiler breeder hens were randomly assigned to 3 treatments with different doses of MLF (0, 30, 60 mg/kg) for 8 weeks before collecting their fertilized eggs. The chicken offspring at 13 and 19 d of embryonic stage, and from 1 to 28 d old after hatching were included in this study. The results showed that maternal supplementation increased the breast muscle weight and body weight of the offspring at the embryo and chick stages (P < 0.05). This was followed by increased cross-sectional area of pectoral muscle fibres at 14 d (P < 0.05). Further determination revealed a tendency towards increased serum levels of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) (P = 0.092) and muscle fibre count (P = 0.167) at 1 d post-hatching following maternal MLF treatment, while serum uric acid (UA) was decreased at 14 d after hatching (P < 0.05). Moreover, maternal MLF supplementation significantly up-regulated the mRNA expression of the myogenic regulatory factor Myf5 in skeletal muscle at the both embryonic and growth stages (P < 0.05). The relative abundance of the downstream protein of BMPR2, Smad1 and p-Smad1/5/9 in the TGF beta signalling pathway was significantly increased by maternal MLF treatment. Meanwhile, the increased expression of the target protein p-mTOR in the breast muscle of the offspring chicks is in accordance with the improved growth rate of the breast and the body. In conclusion, maternal MLF supplementation can promote muscle protein metab

关键词： Broiler breeder hen Mulberry-leaf flavonoids Offspring Protein metabolism Skeletal muscle GROWTH-PERFORMANCE IMMUNE FUNCTION HYPERTROPHY LEAVES MECHANISMS REGULATOR PATHWAY EMBRYO DIETS BONE

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Yeast-Controlled Double-Shelled CacO_(3)/CaF_(2)Hollow Nanospheres with Hierarchically Porous for Sustained pH-Sensitive Drug Release

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第15期42卷 1713-1720页

作者： Xinhe Liu Yi Chang Guanglei Ma Tingting Liu Penghui Song Heng Yu Xueqing Ren yuming guo Xiaoming Ma School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Normal UniversityXinxiangHenan 453007China Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and ReactionsMinistryof EducationHenan Normal UniversityXinxiangHenan 453007China

Hierarchically porous materials(HP materials)are believed one of the most hopeful matrix materials because of their distinctive multimodal pore structures and tremendous application potentials in the field of ***,green and facile synthesis of hierarchically porous nanomaterials with beneficial water dispersibility and biocompatibility is still a great ***,a novel biomimetic strategy is proposed to prepare the cell-tailored double-shelled HPCaCO_(3)/CaF_(2) hollow nanospheres under the mediation of yeast *** biomolecules derived from the secretion of yeast cells are used as conditioning and stabilizing agents to control the biosynthesis of the HPCaCO_(3)/CaF_(2) materials,which exhibit excellent water dispersibility and favorable *** double-shelled CaCO_(3)/CaF_(2) nanospheres hold hierarchically porous structure and have abundant pore channel and large specific surface area,showing high drug-loading and a prolonged drug sustainable release profile by the pore-by-pore diffusion pattern of the hierarchical ***,the HPCaCO_(3) with pH-sensitivity could controllably release drug doxorubicin hydrochloride(DOX)at the acidic tumor *** in vitro and in vivo results demonstrate that HPCaCO_(3)/CaF_(2) has the sustainable pH-sensitive drug release property,showing an enhanced therapeutic ***,this study provides a biomimetic strategy to synthesize the hierarchically porous double-shelled hollow nanomaterials for applying in sustainable drug delivery system.

关键词： Biomimetic synthesis Hierarchically porous Sustained pH-sensitive drug release Antitumor agents Drug delivery Calcium Cancer therapy/Hollow structures

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Increasing impacts of fire air pollution on public and ecosystem health

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The Innovation 2024年第3期5卷 11-12页

作者： Xu Yue Yihan Hu Chenguang Tian Rongbin Xu Wenhua Yu yuming guo Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment TechnologyNanjing 210044China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China Climate Air Quality Research UnitSchool of Public Health and Preventive MedicineMonash UniversityMelbourneVIC 3004Australia

Wildfire episodes have become more frequent and severe in recent years.1 Record-breaking fires devastated the Arctic,Amazon,and Australia in 2019–*** year,fires began in Canada in May and lasted for several months,resulting in an area burned of 16.5 million hectares by early *** size is 6–7 times the annual fire area for a normal year in *** favorable fire weather for burning and spread lasted for months(https://***/maps/fw).Furthermore,most Canadian fires occur in remote regions far from firefighting facilities,causing fire extinction to be ***,such“unprecedented”fire events occurred routinely in boreal regions between 2020 and 2023,although the locations varied from year to year(Figure 1).

关键词： Canada pollution Figure

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Mannanase improves the growth performance of broilers by alleviating inflammation of the intestinal epithelium and improving intestinal microbiota

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动物营养学报 2024年第1期16卷 376-394页

作者： Xiaodan Zhang Huiping Xu Lu Gong Jiao Wang Jianyang Fu Zengpeng Lv Liangjuan Zhou Xuejun Li Qiong Liu Pingyu Xia yuming guo State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding College of Animal Science and Technology China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 China Beijing Strowin Biotechnology Co. Ltd. Beijing 100094 China

This experiment aimed to discuss and reveal the effect and mechanism of mannanase on intestinal inflammation in broilers triggered by a soybean meal diet. In this experiment, 384 Arbor Acres broilers at 1 d old were randomly divided into 3 treatment groups. The broilers were fed a corn-soybean meal basal diet, a low-energy diet (metabolizable energy reduced by 50 kcal/kg), and a low-energy diet supplemented with 100 mg/kg mannanase for 42 d. The low-energy diet increased feed conversion ratio from 0 to 42 d, reduced ileal villus height and villus height-to-crypt depth ratio and upregulated the expression of nuclear factor kappa B ( NF-κB ) in the ileum ( P P P CLDN1 ) and zonula occludens-1 ( ZO-1 ) in the jejunum at 21 d, downregulated the expression of ilealNF-κB , and increased the content of isobutyric acid in the cecum of broilers ( P Lactobacillus reuteri in the ileum of broilers. The addition of mannanase increased the relative abundance ofLactobacillus-KC45b andLactobacillus johnsonii in broilers. Furthermore, a low-energy diet reduced the relative abundance ofButyricicoccus in the intestine of broilers and inhibited oxidative phosphorylation and phosphoinositol metabolism. Mannanase increased the relative abundance ofOdoribacter , promoted energy metabolism and N-glycan biosynthesis, and increased the activities of GH3 and GH18. It is concluded that mannanase could improve the growth performance of broilers by reducing the expression ofNF-κB in the ileum, increasing the production of SCFA in the cecum, suppressing intestinal inflammation, balancing the intestinal microbiota, reducing damage to the intestinal barrier, and improving the efficiency of nutrient utilization to alleviate the adverse effects caused by the decrease in dietary energy *** The PDF

关键词： Broiler Low-energy diet Mannanase Intestinal inflammatory response Intestinal microbiota Metagenome

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Retinol is involved in the intestinal regeneration and strengthens the intestinal barrier during refeeding in broiler chickens

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第11期23卷 3843-3859页

作者： Youli Wang Huajin Zhou Jing Chen Yuqin Wu yuming guo Bo Wang Jianmin Yuan Key Laboratory of Qinghai Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization Ministry of Education/Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province for Qinghai Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Exploitation College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Southwest Minzu University State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition College of Animal Science and Technology China Agricultural University Sichuan New Hope Liuhe Technology Innovation Co.Ltd.

Fasting is typically used before feeding metabolizable energy assessment in broilers. Previous studies have shown that fasting cause atrophy of the intestinal villus. Whether fasting affects intestinal permeability during refeeding by altering barrier function and nutrient absorption is of concern. Here, 23-d-old broilers were randomly assigned to 5 treatments, fasted for 0, 12, 24, 36, and 48 h, respectively, and then refed for 2 d, to study the impact of different duration of fasting on the intestinal regeneration and barrier function during refeeding. Results showed that the intestinal morphology in fasted birds was recovered in 2 d of refeeding at most. As fasting durations increased,enterocytes per intestinal villus were linearly and quadratically increased(both P<0.05), whereas goblet cells per intestinal villus was linearly decreased(both P<0.05). Besides, the mRNA level of lysozyme was linearly decreased as fasting durations increased during refeeding(both P<0.05), while quadratically increased mucin 2 was observed only after 1 d of refeeding(P<0.05). Linear increase effects were observed for claudin 2 and zonula occludens-1with increased fasting durations after 1 d of refeeding(all P<0.05), and linear and quadratical effects were observed for claudin 2 at 2 d of refeeding(both P<0.05). Besides, we found that intestinal permeability to creatinine, 4 and 70 kD dextran were linearly and quadratically decreased with increased fasting durations at 6 h and 1 d of refeeding(all P<0.05). Furthermore, jejunum proteomic from birds refed for 6 h showed that birds fasted for 36 h showed increased antimicrobial peptides and upregulated retinol metabolism when compared to the nonfasted birds(P<0.05).Further study showed that retinyl ester catabolism was inhibited during fasting and enhanced during *** of intestinal organoid culture showed that retinol benefits the cell proliferation and enterocyte *** conclusion, the intestinal permeability t

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An Enterococcus faecalis isolate harboring both aerobic and anaerobic uric acid metabolic pathways alleviates hyperuricemia in mice

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Depeng Li Xinyue Yang A La Teng Zhu La Meihong Zhang Zhengtian Lü Yuqing Feng Dan Liu yuming guo Yongfei Hu State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding， College of Animal Science and Technology， China Agricultural University

Probiotics have been demonstrated to be effective and safe for hyperuricemia (HUA) and gout treatment. Hence， identifying microbes with high uric acid- or purine-metabolizing ability is highly important. Due to the high load of uric acid in chicken feces， we hypothesized that the chicken gut would be an excellent source for new uric acid or purine-metabolizing microbes. In this study， we examined chicken gut contents to isolate an Enterococcus faecalis strain (designated CML390) that displayed high uric acid-degrading ability. In vitro experiments indicated that E. faecalis CML390 could effectively metabolize uric acid under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions， and the richer the nutrients， the higher the rate of uric acid degradation. By integrating genomics， transcriptomics， and metabolomics analyses， we revealed two pathways involved in aerobic and anaerobic uric acid degradation， respectively， in this isolate. E. faecalis CML390 relies on oxygen to metabolize uric acid into substances such as allantoin under aerobic conditions， while it also harbors a conserved uric acid-inducible gene cluster for anaerobic uric acid metabolism. An in vivo experiment showed that gavage with live E. faecalis CML390 in a mouse model of HUA (established using a combination of uric acid and potassium oxonate) significantly reduced serum uric acid levels and alleviated HUA. Our findings contribute to the exploration of the pathways and mechanisms of uric acid metabolism in intestinal microorganisms and provide a candidate probiotic for the treatment of HUA and gout.

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Dietary fiber and chicken microbiome interaction:Where will it lead to?

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Animal Nutrition 2020年第1期6卷 1-8页

作者： Tahir Mahmood yuming guo State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100193China

The last few decades have been marked by a rapid genetic improvement in chicken growth *** modern-day chicken is more efficient in converting feed into muscle mass than their *** enhanced efficiency emanates from better nutrient digestion,absorption,and *** gut has therefore become a research focus especially after the ban on the use of antibiotics as growth promoters(AGP)in *** pursuance of better gut health in the post-AGP era,many different strategies are being continuously sought and *** gut is inhabited by more than 900 bacterial species along with fungi and archaea,and they play an important role to maintain a conducive milieu for the host,A beneficial shift in the microbial ecosystem of the chicken can be promoted by many dietary and nondietary interventions,however,diet is ranked as one of the most important and potent regulators of gut microbiota ***,the constituents of the diet warrant special attention in the modulation of the gut *** dietary constituents,fiber possesses a significant ability to modulate the *** this review,we will highlight the importance of fiber in poultry nutrition and will also discuss the effects of fiber on gut microbiota and its resultant ramifications on the liver and brain.

关键词： Poultry Microbiota Gut health Antibiotic alternatives

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Analysis and finite element simulation for mechanical response of wheat to wind and rain loads

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2008年第1期1卷 82-88页

作者： Liang Li guo yuming College of Engineering and Technology Shanxi Agricultural UniversityTaigu 030801China

The morphological characteristics and stalk biomechanical properties at the dough stage of wheat were determined using the variety of wheat in the breeding *** mechanical responses to wind and rain loads for an individual and a group of wheat were simulated using finite element method by *** stress and displacement of each finite element can be outputted through stress nephogram and displacement nephogram,*** order to judge whether the wheat could return to its original position after deformation,elastic mechanics theory was utilized to analyze the critical load of instability under both axial rain load and transverse wind *** large displacement situation was analyzed with large displacement elastic nonlinear theory and the numerical value was obtained by *** results show that it is possible to apply various load types on models using ANSYS and the dynamic response can be simulated well under different rain and wind *** location of maximum Von Mises stress can be calculated and the variation of stress can be described clearly,which are helpful to predict the wheat lodging under wind and rain loads.

关键词： wheat wind and rain loads finite element analysis mechanical response

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