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Optimal timing for plastic surgical procedures for common congenital anomalies:A review

World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2024年第2期13卷 38-61页

作者： Aakanksha goel Arun goel Divine Aesthetic Surgery New Delhi 110048India Department of Plastic Surgery Lok Nayak Hospital and Associated Maulana Azad Medical CollegeNew Delhi 110002India

Apart from listening to the cry of a healthy newborn,it is the declaration by the attending paediatrician in the labour room that the child is normal which brings utmost joy to *** global incidence of children born with congenital anomalies has been reported to be 3%-6%with more than 90%of these occurring in low-and middle-income group *** exact percentages/total numbers of children requiring surgical treatment cannot be estimated for several *** children are operated under several surgical disciplines,viz,paediatric-,plastic reconstructive,neuro-,cardiothoracic-,orthopaedic surgery *** conditions may be life-threatening,e.g.,trachea-oesophageal fistula,critical pulmonary stenosis,*** require immediate surgical ***,e.g.,hydrocephalus,may need intervention as soon as the patient is fit for ***,e.g.,patent ductus arteriosus need‘wait and watch’policy up to a certain age in the hope of spontaneous *** extremely important category is that of patients where the operative intervention is done based on their *** all the congenital anomalies coming under care of a plastic surgeon are operated as elective surgery(many as multiple stages of correction)at appropriate *** are advantages and disadvantages of intervention at different *** this article,we present a review of optimal timings,along with reasoning,for surgery of many of the common congenital anomalies which are treated by plastic ***,paediatricians and general practitioners/family physicians,who most often are the first ones to come across such children,must know to guide the parents appropriately and convincingly impress upon the them as to why their child should not be operated immediately and also the consequences of too soon or too late.

关键词： Plastic surgery Congenital anomalies Pediatric plastic surgery Facial cleft Microtia Vascular anomalies Syndactyly Hypospadias Optimal timing Pediatric surgery

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Lipid-nanoparticle-enabled nucleic acid therapeutics for liver disorders

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第7期14卷 2885-2900页

作者： Porkizhi Arjunan Durga kathirvelu Gokulnath Mahalingam Ashish kumar goel Uday George Zacharaiah Alok Srivastava Srujan Marepally Center for Stem Cell Research(A Unit of inStem Bengaluru)Christian Medical College CampusBagayamVellore 632002Tamil NaduIndia Manipal academy for higher education Mangalore 576104KarnatakaIndia Department of Hematology Christian Medical College&HospitalVellore 632004Tamil NaduIndia Department of Hepatology Christian Medical College&HospitalVellore 632004Tamil NaduIndia

Inherited genetic disorders of the liver pose a significant public health *** transplantation is often limited by the availability of donor livers and the exorbitant costs of immunosuppressive *** overcome these limitations,nucleic acid therapy provides a hopeful alternative that enables gene repair,gene supplementation,and gene silencing with suitable *** viral vectors are the most efficient and preferred for gene therapy,pre-existing immunity debilitating immune responses limit their *** a potential alternative,lipid nanoparticle-mediated vectors are being explored to deliver multiple nucleic acid forms,including pDNA,mRNA,siRNA,and ***,we discuss the broader applications of lipid nanoparticles,from protein replacement therapy to restoring the disease mechanism through nucleic acid delivery and gene editing,as well as multiple preclinical and clinical studies as a potential alternative to liver transplantation.

关键词： Lipid nanoparticle Liver disorders Gene therapy Gene editing Nucleic acid delivery pDNA mRNA siRNA ASO Clinical trials

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A randomized controlled trial on triamcinolone versus saline impregnated merocel post endoscopic sinus surgery: Our experience in a tertiary care centre

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世界耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志英文版 2024年第3期10卷 193-199页

作者： Sood Ananya goel k.ushboo Bhagat Sanjeev Sahni Dimple kumar Sharma Dinesh Yadav Vishav Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery Government Medical College Patiala Punjab India

Purpose: To assess the potential benefit of impregnating Merocel (a non-absorbable nasal dressing) with a topical steroid solution, for use as a direct and slow local delivery system of steroids after sinus surgery to improve postoperative wound ***: In this randomized controlled trial, 40 patients with bilateral chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis were subjected to functional endoscopic sinus surgery. Following the completion of the surgery, Merocel packs were inserted in the bilateral nasal cavities and infiltrated with 4 mL triamcinolone (40 mg/mL) in one nasal cavity (treatment group) and 4 mL normal saline in the other (control group). Nasal packs were removed on the third postoperative day and postoperative healing assessment was done on postoperative Weeks 1, 2, 4, and 12. The findings were noted as per Lund kennedy (LkES) and perioperative sinus endoscopy (POSE) scores and compared on both ***: Significant (P kennedy score for crusting and polyp at Week 12, for edema at Week 1, and nasal discharge at Weeks 1 and 12, but there was no significant improvement in scarring at any week. Overall, the difference between the treatment and control arms was statistically significant at all postoperative visits except at Week 4. Also, there was a significant improvement in POSE scores at Weeks 1, 2, and 12 but not at Week ***: This study positively concludes that the nasal cavity packed with drug-soaked packs had less scarring and edema in the postoperative period and the overall wound healing was much better as compared to saline-soaked packs.

关键词： chronic rhinosinusitis functional endoscopic sinus surgery Lund kennedy merocele perioperative sinus endoscopy triamcinolone

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Cutting edge preparation of microdrills by shear thickening polishing for improved hole quality in electronic PCBs

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Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2024年第2期19卷 99-107页

作者： Jiahuan WANG Mingfeng kE Jiepei LIAO Yu ZHOU Saurav goel Jaya VERMA Xu WANG Weigang GUO Julong YUAN Binghai LYU College of Mechanical Engineering Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310000China Ultra-precision Machining Center Key Laboratory of Special Purpose Equipment and Advanced Manufacturing TechnologyZhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310000China School of Engineering London South Bank UniversityLondon SE10AAUK Shenzhen Jinzhou Precision Technology Corporation Shenzhen 518116China Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Petroleum and Energy StudiesDehradun 248007India Special Equipment Institute Hangzhou Vocational&Technical CollegeHangzhou 310018China

Printed circuit boards(PCBs)are representative composite materials,and their high-quality drilling machining remains a persistent challenge in the *** finishing of the cutting edge of a microdrill is crucial to drill performance in machining fine-quality holes with a prolonged tool *** miniature size involving submicron scale geometric dimensions,a complex flute shape,and low fracture toughness makes the cutting edge of microdrills susceptible to breakage and has been the primary limiting factor in edge preparation for *** this study,a newly developed cutting edge preparation method for microdrills was tested experimentally on electronic printed circuit *** proposed method,namely,shear thickening polishing,limited the cutting edge burrs and chipping on the cutting edge,and this in turn transformed the cutting edge’s radius from being sharp to ***,the edge–edge radius could be regulated by adjusting the processing *** drilling experiments were conducted to investigate the influence of different cutting edge radii on wear,hole position accuracy,nail head value,and hole wall *** proposed approach showed 20%enhancement in hole position accuracy,33%reduction in the nail head value,and 19%reduction in hole wall roughness compared with the original ***,a threshold is needed;without it,excessive shear thickening polishing will result in a blunt edge,which may accelerate the wear of the *** was identified as the primary factor that reduced hole *** study indicates that in printed circuit board machining,microdrills should effectively eliminate grinding defects and maintain the sharpness of the cutting edge as much as possible to obtain excellent drilling ***,shear thickening polishing is a promising method for cutting edge preparation of *** research and optimization can lead to additional improvements in microdrill performance and contribute to the conti

关键词： microdrill shear thickening polishing cutting edge preparation electronic printed circuit boards hole quality

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40-meter-long REBCO tapes with critical current over 4,000 A/12 mm at 4.2 k and 13 T by advanced MOCVD

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Superconductivity 2024年第1期9卷 29-34页

作者： Mahesh Paidpilli Chirag goel Bhabesh Sarangi Siwei Chen Eduard Galstyan Jan Jaroszynski Griffin Bradford Dmytro Abraimov Venkat Selvamanickam Department of Mechanical Engineering Advanced Manufacturing InstituteTexas Center for SuperconductivityUniversity of HoustonHoustonTexasUSA AMPeers LLC HoustonTexasUSA National High Magnetic Field Laboratory TallahasseeFloridaUSA

REBa_(2)Cu_(3)O_(7−δ)(REBCO,RE=rare earth)tapes doped with 5%and 15%Zr have been scaled up to lengths more than 40 m in a pilot‐scale advanced metal organic chemical vapor deposition(A‐MOCVD)*** precursor compositions used for the long tapes were guided by a study of the influence of(Ba+dopant)/Cu content on the critical current density(Jc)of 5 and 15 mol.%Hf‐and Zr‐added tapes at 4.2 k and 13 *** 40‐mlong tapes exhibited a critical current(Ic)over 4,000 A/12 mm at 4.2 k and 13 T as well as over 1,400 A/12 mm at 20 k and 20 *** critical current densities of a 40‐m‐long tape doped with 5%Zr at 4.2 k measured at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory(NHMFL)were>10 MAcm^(−2)and>5 MAcm^(−2)at 14 T and 30 T,respectively,which are over three times those of commercial REBCO *** infield Jc of 5%Zradded 40‐m‐long tapes was similar to those of previously‐reported high‐performance short samples made with 15%Zr or *** results demonstrate the excellent potential of A‐MOCVD for manufacturing high Ic REBCO tapes for use in ultrahigh‐field magnet applications.

关键词： High‐temperature superconductors MOCVD REBCO Critical current

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Parents’s knowledge and awareness about hepatitis B can influence the vaccination of their children

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World Journal of Virology 2024年第2期13卷 96-106页

作者： Nanda Chhavi Geetika Srivastava Mariya Waseem Abhishek Yadav Surender Singh Rajani Singh Amit goel Department of Paediatrics Era’s Lucknow Medical CollegeLucknow 226003Uttar PradeshIndia Medical Consultant National Disease Control ProgramNational Health MissionLucknow 226003Uttar PradeshIndia Department of Hepatology Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical SciencesLucknow 226014Uttar PradeshIndia

BACkGROUND Birth-dose(Hep-BD)followed by three additional doses(Hep-B3)of hepatitis B virus(HBV)vaccine are key to eliminating HBV by ***,Hep-BD and Hep-B3 coverage in our country is *** To studied the parent’s knowledge and awareness about HBV infection,its prevention,consequences and *** Parents of 6 months to 8 years old children were interviewed to assess their knowledge&awareness about hepatitis B,its transmission,prevention,illness caused by this,and *** close-ended questions were admini-stered,and responses were recorded as‘yes’,‘no’,or‘not sure’.HBV knowledge score was calculated based on the sum of correct *** correct response scored one point and incorrect,missing or‘not sure’responses received no *** data are presented as number(%)and numerical data are expressed as *** were compared using Chi2 tests and level of significance was kept as Pknew about polio,tetanus,and hepatitis B ***,41.2%,15.8%,and 23%parents knew about hepatitis B transmission,consequences of infection,and prevention *** 7.6%parents knew about three-dose schedule of hepatitis B *** 23%parents believed that vaccine could prevent HBV,15.7%knew that HBV affects *** of Hep-B3 vaccinated children were significantly more aware about HBV than the parents of unvaccinated children(Pknowledge and awareness among the parents about hepatitis B is *** Increasing knowledge/awareness about HBV among parents may improve Hep-B3 vaccination coverage.

关键词： Hepatitis B Viral hepatitis Cirrhosis Hepatocellular carcinoma Hepatotropic viruses Transfusion transmitted infection Mother to child transmission

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Evaluation of Rainfall Tendency for the Twentieth Century over Indira Sagar Region in Central India

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American Journal of Climate Change 2024年第1期13卷 47-68页

作者： Rituraj Shukla Deepak khare Ramesh P. Rudra Priti Tiwari Himanshu Sharma Prasad Daggupati Pradeep goel School of Engineering University of Guelph Guelph Canada Department of Water Resources Development and Management Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee India Indira Gandhi Agricultural University Raipur India Department of Civil Engineering Institute of Infrastructure Technology Research and Management (IITRAM) Ahmedabad India

The study investigates long-term changes in annual and seasonal rainfall patterns in the Indira Sagar Region of Madhya Pradesh, India, from 1901 to 2010. Agriculture sustainability, food supply, natural resource development, and hydropower system reliability in the region rely heavily on monsoon rainfall. Monthly rainfall data from three stations (East Nimar, Barwani, and West Nimar) were analyzed. Initially, the pre-whitening method was applied to eliminate serial correlation effects from the rainfall data series. Subsequently, statistical trends in annual and seasonal rainfall were assessed using both parametric (student-t test) and non-parametric tests [Mann-kendall, Sen’s slope estimator, and Cumulative Sum (CUSUM)]. The magnitude of the rainfall trend was determined using Theil-Sen’s slope estimator. Spatial analysis of the Mann-kendall test on an annual basis revealed a statistically insignificant decreasing trend for Barwani and East Nimar and an increasing trend for West Nimar. On a seasonal basis, the monsoon season contributes a significant percentage (88.33%) to the total annual rainfall. The CUSUM test results indicated a shift change detection in annual rainfall data for Barwani in 1997, while shifts were observed in West and East Nimar stations in 1929. These findings offer valuable insights into regional rainfall behavior, aiding in the planning and management of water resources and ecological systems.

关键词： Precipitation Parametric Non-Parametric Tests Trend Analysis Serial Correlations

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Tunnelling through weak and fragile rocks of Himalayas

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2014年第6期24卷 783-790页

作者： goel R.k. CSIR-Central Institute of Mining & Fuel Research Regional CentreCBRI Campus Roorkee India

A considerable amount of tunnelling has been going on in India for various projects such as hydroelectric power, irrigation, roads and railways. Most of these projects are located in Himalayas, far away from the urban areas. Tunnelling through weak and jointed rock masses such as the one in the Himalayas is a challenging task for the planners, designers, engineers and geologists because of high overburden, thickly vegetated surface, weak, poor and fragile rocks and highly varying geology with the presence of numerous small and big shear zones, faults, etc. Due to these reasons, various tunnelling problems have been faced in the past and are still being encountered. Failures and the problems may be regarded as challenges and opportunities for generating new knowledge base and thereby increasing self-reliance in tunnelling. The experiences of Himalayan tunnelling through weak and fragile rocks covering varying and mixed geology, understanding on tunnelling in squeezing ground conditions and applicability of TBM in Himalayas are presented. It has also been highlighted that the probe holes planning, drilling and monitoring shall be followed seriously to reduce the geological surprises.

关键词： Varying geology Mixed geology Weak and fragile rocks Himalayan tunnelling Ground condition Squeezing

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Mesoporous carbon adsorbents from melamine–formaldehyde resin using nanocasting technique for CO_2 adsorption

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第6期27卷 238-248页

作者： Chitrakshi goel Haripada Bhunia Pramod k. Bajpai Department of Chemical Engineering Thapar University

Mesoporous carbon adsorbents, having high nitrogen content, were synthesized via nanocasting technique with melamine-formaldehyde resin as precursor and mesoporous silica as template. A series of adsorbents were prepared by varying the carbonization temperature from 400 to 700°C. Adsorbents were characterized thoroughly by nitrogen sorption, X-ray diffraction（XRD）, scanning electron microscopy（SEM）, transmission electron microscopy（TEM）, thermogravimetric analysis（TGA）, elemental（CHN） analysis, Fourier transform infrared（FTIR） spectroscopy and Boehm titration. Carbonization temperature controlled the properties of the synthesized adsorbents ranging from surface area to their nitrogen content, which play major role in their application as adsorbents for CO2 *** nanostructure of these materials was confirmed by XRD and TEM. Their nitrogen content decreased with an increase in carbonization temperature while other properties like surface area, pore volume, thermal stability and surface basicity increased with the carbonization temperature. These materials were evaluated for CO2 adsorption by fixed-bed column adsorption experiments. Adsorbent synthesized at 700°C was found to have the highest surface area and surface basicity along with maximum CO2 adsorption capacity among the synthesized adsorbents. Breakthrough time and CO2 equilibrium adsorption capacity were investigated from the breakthrough curves and were found to decrease with increase in adsorption temperature. Adsorption process for carbon adsorbent-CO2 system was found to be reversible with stable adsorption capacity over four consecutive adsorption-desorption cycles. From three isotherm models used to analyze the equilibrium data, Temkin isotherm model presented a nearly perfect fit implying the heterogeneous adsorbent surface.

关键词： Carbon Nanocasting Mesoporous CO2 adsorption Isotherm

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Pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and neurochemical investigations of lamotrigine-pentylenetetrazole kindled mice to ascertain it as a reliable model for clinical drug-resistant epilepsy

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2020年第3期3卷 245-255页

作者： Sandeep kumar Rajesh k.goel Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences&Drug Research Punjabi UniversityPatialaPunjabIndia

Background:Pentylenetetrazole kindling has long been used for the screening of investigational antiseizure *** presence of lamotrigine,at a very low dose,does not hamper kindling in mice;rather it modifies this epileptogenesis process into drug-resistant *** lamotrigine-pentylenetetrazole kindled mice show resistance to lamotrigine,phenytoin,and *** may also be possible that other licensed antiseizure drugs,like the mentioned drugs,remain ineffective in this model;therefore,this was the subject of this ***:Swiss albino mice were kindled with pentylenetetrazole for 35 days in the presence of either methylcellulose vehicle or lamotrigine(subtherapeutic dose,ie,5 mg/kg).Vehicle vs lamotrigine-kindled mice were compared in terms of(a)resistance/response toward nine antiseizure drugs applied as monotherapies and two drug combinations;(b)lamotrigine bioavailability in blood and brain;(c)blood-brain barrier integrity;and(d)amino acids and monoamines in the cerebral cortex and ***:Lamotrigine vs vehicle-kindled mice are similar(or not significantly different P>.05 from each other)in terms of(a)response toward drug combinations;(b)lamotrigine bioavailability;and(c)blood-brain barrier integrity except for,significantly(Pkindled mice show significant(Pkg),levetiracetam(40 mg/kg);carbamazepine(40 mg/kg),zonisamide(100 mg/kg),gabapentin(224 mg/kg),pregabalin(30 mg/kg),phenytoin(35 mg/kg),and topiramate(300 mg/kg).Conclusion:Lamotrigine-pentylenetetrazole kindling takes longer to develop(~5 weeks)in comparison to lamotrigine-amygdale(~4 weeks)and lamotriginecorneal(~2 weeks)kindling ***,drug screening through this model may yield superior drugs with novel antiseizure mechanisms.

关键词： animal models drug-resistant epilepsy kindling lamotrigine refractory epilepsy

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