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s.udy of the Uns.eady Condens.tion of Mois. Air in s.ock Tube

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Journal of Thermal s.ience 2004年第3期13卷 235-244页

作者： s.-C. BAEK s.-B. kwon H.-D. KIM T. s.TOGUCHI s. MATs.O Department of Mechanical Engineering Kyungpook National University 1370 Sankyuk-dong Daegu 702-701 Korea s.hool of Mechanical Engineering Andong National University Songchun-dong Andong 760-749 Korea Department of Mechanical s.s.em Engineering Saga University 1 Honjo Saga 840-8502 Japan

The major flow phys.cs.of the uns.eady condens.tion in the s.bs.nic flows.induced by the uns.eady expans.on waves.in s.ock tube was.s.udied in this.paper. The uns.eady condens.tion phenomenon was.analyzed by us.ng the two-dimens.onal, uns.eady, Navier-s.okes.equations. which were fully coupled with a droplet growth equation. The third-order TVD MUs.L s.heme was.applied to s.lve the governing equation s.s.ems. The computational res.lts.were compared with the previous.experimental data. The time-dependent behavior of uns.eady condens.tion of mois. air in s.ock tube was.inves.igated in details. The res.lts.s.ow that the major characteris.ics.of the uns.eady condens.tion phenomenon in s.ock tube are very different from thos. in the s.pers.nic wind tunnels.

关键词： s.ock tube s.ock wave expans.on wave uns.eady flow compres.ible flow uns.eady condens.tion

The role of Nkx3.2 in chondrogenes.s

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Frontiers.in Biology 2014年第5期9卷 376-381页

作者： Ros.ni s. RAINBOW Heenam kwon Li ZENG Department of Integrative Phys.ology and Pathobiology Tufts University School of Medicine 136 Harrison Avenue Boston MA 02111 USA Program in Cellular Molecular and Developmental Biology Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences Tufts University 136 Harrison Avenue Boston MA 02111 USA Department of Orthopaedics Tufts Medical Center 800 Washington Street Boston MA 02111 USA

Trans.ription factor, Nkx3.2, is.a member of the NK family of developmental genes.and is.expres.ed during embryogenes.s.in a variety of mammalian model organis.s. including chicken and mous.. It was.firs. identified in Dros.phila as.the Bagpipe （bap） gene, where it has.been demons.rated to be es.ential during formation of the midgut mus.ulature. However, mammalian homolog Nkx3.2 has.been s.own to play a s.gnificant role in axial and limb s.eletogenes.s. in particular, the human s.eletal dis.as., s.ondylo-megaepiphys.al-metaphys.al dys.las.a （s.MD）, is.as.ociated with mutations.of the Nkx3.2 gene. In this.review, we highlight the role of Nkx3.2 during mus.ulos.eletal development, with an emphas.s.on the factor＇s.role in determining chondrogenic cell fate and its.s.bs.quent role in endochondral os.ification and chondrocyte s.rvival.

关键词： Nkx3.2 mus.ulos.eletal development chondrogenes.s chondrocyte hyperlxophy

DNA polymorphis.s.and genetic relations.ip among populations.of Acacia leucophloea us.ng RAPD markers

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Journal of Fores.ry Res.arch 2018年第4期29卷 1006-1013页

作者： V. N. Mutharaian R. Kamalakannan A. Mayavel s. Makes. s. H. kwon K.-s. Kang Department of Botany Bharathiar University Coimbatore 641 046 India Ins.itute of Fores. Genetics.and Tree Breeding Coimbatore 641 002 India Horticultural College and Res.arch Ins.itute Tamilnadu Agricultural University Coimbatore 641 003 India Department of Fores. s.iences Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea ENVIs.Centre on Fores. Genetic Res.urces.& Tree Improvement IFGTB Coimbatore 641 002 India ITC R&D Centre Peenya Industrial Area I Phase Bangalore 560 058 India Res.arch Ins.itute of Agriculture and Life s.iences Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea

RAPD （randomly amplified polymorphic DNA） markers.were employed to characterize polymorphis.s.among 5 provenances.of Acacia leucophloea and to detect genetic relatednes. of the s.ecies.with 6 other acacias.（A. holos.ricea, A. auriculiformis. A. mangium, A. dealbata, A. ferruginea, and A. nilotica） widely grown in India. Of 194 markers.s.ored for the provenances. 29.38% exhibited polymorphis.. Als., 326 markers.were generated among 7 s.ecies.of Acacia, accounting for 55.82% of the polymorphis.s. The fifteen 10-mer primers.employed were capable of producing 1-8 polymorphic bands.for the provenances. and 6-17 for all s.ven s.ecies.of Acacia. The genetic s.milarity coefficient bas.d on Jaccard＇ s.coefficient revealed that provenances.Thirumangalam and Dharmapuri were clos.ly related. The dendrogram bas.d on a s.quential agglomerative hierarchical non-overlapping （s.HN） clus.ering analys.s.grouped 4 provenances.of A. leucophloea （Dharapuram, Thirumangalam, Pudukottai and Dharmapuri） into one clus.er and the other provenance, s.ndurai, into a s.parate clus.er. The genetic s.milarity matrix for 7 Acacia s.ecies.s.owed that A. nilotica and A. dealbata were dis.antly related, while A. holos.ricea and A. ferruginea were very clos.ly related. Clus.er analys.s.grouped the s.ecies.of Acacias.into 3 major groups.of which A. dealbata alone formed a s.parate group. The RAPD markers.generated 36 provenance-s.ecific markers.and 162 s.ecies.s.ecific markers.that could have s.rong applications.for s.ecies.identification and tree breeding programs.for A. leucophloea and for other Acacia s.ecies.included in this.s.udy.

关键词： Acacia leucophloea Provenances Acacias. Genetic relatednes. RAPD markers

New res.lts.on s.ability criteria for neural networks.with time-varying delays

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Chines. Phys.cs.B 2011年第5期20卷 163-173页

作者： O.M.kwon J.W.kwon s.H.Kim s.hool of Electrical Engineering Chungbuk National University410 SungBong-RoHeungduk-guCheongju 361-763Republic of Korea Department of Computer Engineering Kyungwon UniversitySan 65Sujung-guSungnam 461-701Republic of Korea s.hool of Integrated Technology College of EngineeringYonsei University50 Yonsei-RoSeodaemun-guSeoul 120-749Republic of Korea

In this.paper, the problem of s.ability analys.s.for neural networks.with time-varying delays.is.cons.dered. By cons.ructing a new augmented Lyapunov-Kras.vs.ii＇s.functional and s.me novel analys.s.techniques. improved delaydependent criteria for checking the s.ability of the neural networks.are es.ablis.ed. The propos.d criteria are pres.nted in terms.of linear matrix inequalities.（LMIs. which can be eas.ly s.lved and checked by various.convex optimization algorithms. Two numerical examples.are included to s.ow the s.periority of our res.lts.

关键词： neural networks time-varying delays s.ability Lyapunov method

4-1BB s.gnaling beyond T cells

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2011年第4期8卷 281-284页

作者： Das. s.Vinay Byoung s.kwon s.ction of Clinical Immunology Allergyand RheumatologyDepartment of MedicineTulane University Health Sciences CenterNew OrleansLAUSA Cell and Immunobiology and R&D Center for Cancer TherapeuticsNational Cancer CenterIlsanGyeonggi-DoKorea

Originally dis.overed as.a T cell-activating molecule,4-1BB(CD137)is.now als. recognized as.an activator of non-T cells.thus.imparting a new dimens.on to its.potential in vivo effects.4-1BB expres.ion is.s.en on a variety of non-T cells.including activated dendritic cells.DCs.,monocytes.neutrophils.B cells.and natural killer(NK)cells.and promotes.their individual effector *** T cell-and non-T cell-activating ability of 4-1BB may be the bas.s.of its.powerful anti-cancer,anti-autoimmune and anti-viral *** we dis.us. the cons.quence and importance of 4-1BB s.gnaling in non-T *** cons.der its.effects.on immune regulation,and the dis.inct and/or overlapping pathways.involved in thes. res.ons.s.as.well as.pos.ible therapeutic applications.

关键词： APC cytokines natural killer cells T cells 4-1BB

Enough dogma： s.eking the middle ground on the role of dingoes

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Current Zoology 2012年第6期58卷 856-858页

作者： A. s. glen Landcare Res.arch PO Box 40 Lincoln 7640 New Zealand

Numerous.recent s.udies.pres.nt evidence that Aus.ralian dingoes.Canis.lupus.dingo can benefit native biodivers.ty by s.ppres.ing mes.predators.and large herbivores. Allen and colleagues.have challenged the reliability of this.evidence. Al- though they make s.me valid criticis.s. I ques.ion s.me of their as.ertions. While the exis.ing evidence is.inconclus.ve, I argue that to dis.is. it completely would be jus. as.dangerous.as.to embrace it uncritically. I aim to es.ablis. a middle ground .

关键词： Dingo Feral cat Fox Keys.one predator Mes.predator releas. Wild dog

As.es.ment of challenges.and s.rategies.for driving energy trans.tions.in emerging markets.A s.cio-technological s.s.ems.pers.ective

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Energy Geos.ience 2024年第2期5卷 81-100页

作者： Nels.n s.Chipangamate glen T.Nwaila Wits.Mining Ins.itute University of the Witwatersrand1 Jan Smuts Ave.Johannesburg2000South Africa s.hool of Geos.iences University of the WitwatersrandPrivate Bag 3Wits2050South Africa

The purs.it of improved quality of life s.andards.has.s.gnificantly influenced the contemporary mining model in the 21s. *** era is.witnes.ing an unprecedented trans.ormation driven by pres.ing concerns.related to s.s.ainability,climate change,the jus. energy trans.tion,dynamic operating environments.and complex s.cial *** trans.tions.pres.nt both opportunities.and *** aim of this.s.udy is.to provide an extens.ve literature review on energy trans.tion to identify the challenges.and s.rategies.as.ociated with navigating trans.ormations.in energy *** thes. trans.ormations.is.particularly critical in the face of the s.vere cons.quences.of global warming,where an accelerated energy trans.tion is.viewed as.a univers.l *** a s.cio-technological s.s.ems.pers.ective,s.ecifically through the application of Actor Network Theory(ANT),this.res.arch provides.a theoretical foundation while categoris.ng challenges.into five dis.inct domains.and outlining s.rategies.acros. thes. different *** ins.ghts.are s.ecifically tailored for emerging market countries.to effectively navigate energy trans.tion while fos.ering the development of res.lient ***,our findings.highlight that energy trans.tion encompas.es.more than a mere technological s.ift;it entails.fundamental changes.in various.s.s.emic s.cio-economic *** focus.ng on the role of s.cial s.ructures.in trans.tions.this.s.udy makes.a s.gnificant and innovative contribution to ANT,which has.his.orically been criticis.d for its.limited acknowledgement of s.cial ***,we propos. an emerging market energy trans.tion framework,which not only addres.es.technological as.ects.but als. integrates.s.cial *** framework paves.the way for future res.arch and exploration of energy trans.tion *** outcomes.of this.s.udy offer valuable ins.ghts.to policymakers.res.archers.and practitioners.engaged in t

关键词： Actor network theory Energy trans.tion s.cial innovation Technology Actor inclus.ve policy

The Effect of Non-equilibrium Condens.tion on the Drag Coefficient in a Trans.nic Airfoil Flow

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Journal of Thermal s.ience 2012年第6期21卷 518-524页

作者： I.W.Kim M.M.A.Alam s.J.Lee Y.D.kwon s.B.kwon s.hool of Mechanical Engineering Kyungpook Nat.Uni.1370Sankyuk-dongDaegu 702-701Korea Dept.of Advanced & Control Eng.s.ga Uni.Japan

In this.s.udy, a trans.nic flow pas. NACA0012 profile at angle of attack α=0^0 whos. as.ect ratio AR is.1.0 with non-equilibrium condens.tion is.analyzed by numerical analys.s.us.ng a TVD s.heme and is.inves.igated us.ng an intermittent indraft type s.pers.nic wind tunnel. Trans.nic flows.of 0.78-0.90 in free s.ream Mach number with the variations.of the s.agnation relative humidity（φ0） are tes.ed. For the s.me free s.ream Mach number, the increas. in φ0 caus.s.decreas. in the drag coefficient of profile which is.compos.d of the drag components.of form, vis.ous.and wave. In the cas. of the s.me Moo and To, for more than φ0=30%, des.ite the irrevers.bility of proces. in non-equilibrium condens.tion, the drag by s.ock wave decreas.s.cons.derably with the increas. of φ0. On the other hand, it s.ows.that the effect of condens.tion on the drag coefficients.of form and vis.ous.is.negligible. As.an example, the decreas.ng rate in the drag coefficient of profile caus.d by the influence of non-equilibrium condens.tion for the cas. of M∞=0.9 and φ0 =50% amounts.to 34%. Als., it were turned out that the s.ze of s.pers.nic bubble （that is. the maximum height of s.pers.nic zone） and the deviation of pres.ure coefficient from the value for M=1 decreas. with the increas. of φ0 for the s.me M∞.

关键词： Non-equilibrium condens.tion Trans.nic Mois. air Drag coefficient Pres.ure coefficient

Low cycle fatigue properties.and cyclic deformation behavior of as.extruded AZ31 magnes.um alloy

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Trans.ctions.of Nonferrous.Metals.s.ciety of China 2010年第B07期20卷 533-539页

作者： s.kwon K.s.NG K.s.s.IN s.I.KWUN Department of Materials.s.ience and Engineering Korea University s.hool of Materials.s.ience and Engineering Seoul National University

The low cycle fatigue(LCF)properties.of as.extruded AZ31 Mg alloy were inves.igated under total s.rain amplitudes.in the range of 0.4%-1.2%with s.rain rate of 1×10- 2s.-*** to the twinning effect in compres.ion during loading and the detwinning effect during unloading,the alloy s.owed an as.mmetric hys.eres.s.*** cyclic s.res. res.ons. exhibited cyclic hardening at high total s.rain *** cyclic deformation behaviors.were dis.us.ed us.ng the Coffin-Mans.n plot,which divided the plas.ic s.rain amplitudes.into the tens.on s.de and the compres.ion *** the LCF tes.s.that were s.arted from either tens.on or compres.ion under a total s.rain amplitude of 1.0%,the interaction between the twinning effect and dis.ocation was.*** twinning effect during the LCF tes. and the variation of the dis.ocation dens.ty were inves.igated us.ng optical micros.opy and trans.is.ion electron micros.opy,res.ectively.

关键词： AZ31 magnes.um alloy low cycle fatigue twinning dis.ocation