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Crucial steps in the natural history of inflammatory bowel disease

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第29期18卷 3790-3799页

作者： giovanni Latella Claudio Papi Gastroenterology Unit Department of Internal Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of L'Aquila67100 L'AquilaItaly Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit S.Filippo Neri Hospital00135 RomeItaly

Inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD),including ulcerative colitis(UC) and Crohn's disease(CD),are chronic,progressive and disabling *** the last few decades,new therapeutic approaches have been introduced which have led not only to a reduction in the mortality rate but also offered the possibility of a favorable modification in the natural history of *** identification of clinical,genetic and serological prognostic factors has permitted a better stratification of the disease,thus allowing the opportunity to indicate the most appropriate *** treatment with immunosuppressive drugs and biologics has offered the opportunity to change,at least in the short term,the course of the disease by reducing,in a subset of patients with IBD,hospitalization and the need for *** this review,the crucial steps in the natural history of both UC and CD will be discussed,as well as the factors that may change their clinical *** methodological requirements for high quality studies on the course and prognosis of IBD,the true impact of environmental and dietary factors on the clinical course of IBD,the clinical,serological and genetic predictors of the IBD course(in particular,which of these are rel-evant and appropriate for use in clinical practice),the impact of the various forms of medical treatment on the IBD complication rate,the role of surgery for IBD in the biologic era,the true magnitude of risk of colorectal cancer associated with IBD,as well as the mortality rate related to IBD will be stressed;all topics that are extensively discussed in separate reviews included in this issue of World Journal of Gastroenterology.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Ulcerative colitis Crohn's disease Natural history Clinical course Complications Therapy Surgery Mortality

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JNKs,insulin resistance and inflammation:A possible link between NAFLD and coronary artery disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第33期17卷 3785-3794页

作者： giovanni Tarantino Armando Caputi Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine FedericoⅡUniversity Medical School of NaplesVia Sergio Pansini580131 NaplesItaly Department of Clinical Medicine Cardiovascular&Immunological SciencesFederico Ⅱ University Medical School of NaplesVia Sergio Pansini580131 NaplesItaly

The incidence of obesity has dramatically increased in recent ***,obesity and associated disorders such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease constitute a serious ***,the contribution of adipose tissue to metabolic homeostasis has become a focus of *** this review,we discuss the latest discoveries that support the role of lipids in nonalcoholic fatty liver *** describe the common mechanisms(cJun aminoterminal kinases,endoplasmic reticulum stress,unfolded protein response,ceramide,lowgrade chronic inflammation)by which lipids and their derivatives impair insulin responsiveness and contribute to inflammatory liver and promote plaque instability in the arterial *** the molecular mechanism of lipid activation of proinflammatory pathways,we attempt to find a link between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease,metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular *** the common mechanisms by which lipid derivatives,through modulation of macrophage function,promote plaque instability in the arterial wall,impair insulin responsiveness and contribute to inflammatory liver and discussing the molecular mechanism of lipid activation of proinflammatory pathways,the key roles played by the proliferatoractivated receptor and liver X receptorα,nuclear receptorslipid sensors that link lipid metabolism and inflammation,should be *** studies are warranted of antiinflammatory drugs such as aspirin,antiinterleukin6 receptors,immunemodulators(calcineurin inhibitors),substances enhancing the expression of heat shock proteins(which protect cells from endoplasmic reticulum stressinduced apoptosis),and anticJun aminoterminal kinases in welldesigned trials to try to minimize the high impact of these illnesses,and the different expressions of the diseases,on the whole population.

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease cJun aminoterminal kinase Cardiovascular disease

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Proficiency score as a predictor of early trifecta achievement during the learning curve of robot-assisted radical prostatectomy for high-risk prostate cancer:Results of a multicentric series

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Current Urology 2024年第2期18卷 110-114页

作者： Umberto Anceschi Rocco Simone Flammia Antonio Tufano Michele Morelli Antonio Galfano Lorenzo Giuseppe Luciani Leonardo Misuraca Paolo Dell’Oglio Gabriele Tuderti Aldo Brassetti Maria Consiglia Ferriero Alfredo Maria Bove Riccardo Mastroianni Francesco Prata Isabella Sperduti giovanni Petralia SilviaSecco Ettore Di Trapani DanieleMattevi Tommaso Cai Aldo Massimo Bocciardi Giuseppe Simone Department of Urology IRCCS“Regina Elena”National Cancer InstituteRomeItaly Urologic Clinic Department of Maternal-Child and Urologic SciencesSapienza University of RomeItaly Ospedale Niguarda Ca’Granda Department of UrologyMilanItaly Department of Urology APSS Santa Chiara Regional HospitalTrentoItaly Department of Biostatistical Unit IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer InstituteRomeItaly

Background:Recently,an innovative tool called“proficiency score”was introduced to assess the learning curve for robot-assisted radical prostatectomy(RARP).However,the initial study only focused on patients with low-risk prostate cancer forwhompelvic lymph node dissection(PLND)was not *** address this issue,we aimed to validate proficiency scores of a contemporarymulticenter cohort of patients with high-risk prostate cancer treated with RARP plus extended PLND by trainee *** andmethods:Between 2010 and 2020,4 Italian institutional prostate-cancer datasets weremerged and queried for“RARP”and“high-risk prostate cancer.”High-risk prostate cancer was defined according to the most recent European Association of Urology guidelines as follows:prostate-specific antigen>20 ng/mL,International Society ofUrological Pathology≥4,and/or clinical stage(cT)≥2c on preoperative *** selected cohort(n=144)included clinical cases performed by trainee surgeons(n=4)after completing their RARP learning curve(50 procedures for low-risk prostate cancer).The outcome of interest,the proficiency score,was defined as the coexistence of all the following criteria:a comparable operation time to the interquartile range of the mentor surgeon at each center,absence of any significant perioperative complications Clavien-Dindo Grade 3–5,no perioperative blood transfusions,and negative surgical margins.A logistic binary regression model was built to identify the predictors of 1-year trifecta achievement in the trainee *** all statistical analyses,a 2-sided p<0.05 was considered ***:A proficiency score was achieved in 42.3%*** univariable level,proficiency score was associated with 1-year trifecta achievement(odds ratio,8.77;95%confidence interval,2.42–31.7;p=0.001).After multivariable adjustments for age,nerve-sparing,and surgical technique,the proficiency score independently predicted 1-year trifecta achievement(odds ratio,9.58;95%confidence i

关键词： Trifecta Learning curve Robot-assisted radical prostatectomy High-risk prostate cancer

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The association of type and number of high-risk criteria with cancer-specific mortality in prostate cancer patients treated with radical prostatectomy

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Current Urology 2024年第2期18卷 128-132页

作者： Francesco Chierigo Rocco Simone Flammia GabrieleSorce Benedikt Hoeh Lukas Hohenhorst Andrea Panunzio Zhe Tian Fred Saad Marcus Graefen Michele Gallucci Alberto Briganti Francesco Montorsi Felix K.H.Chun Shahrokh F.Shariat Alessandro Antonelli giovanni Guano Guglielmo Mantica Marco Borghesi Nazareno Suardi Carlo Terrone Pierre I.Karakiewicz Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Integrated Sciences University of GenovaGenovaItaly IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino GenovaItaly Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit Division of UrologyUniversity ofMontréal Health CenterMontréalQuébecCanada Department of Urology IRCCS Policlinico San MartinoGenovaItaly Department of Maternal-Child and Urological Sciences Sapienza Rome UniversityPoliclinico Umberto I HospitalRomeItaly Department of Urology University Hospital FrankfurtFrankfurt am MainGermany Martini-Klinik Prostate Cancer Center University Hospital Hamburg-EppendorfHamburgGermany Department of Urology University of VeronaAzienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata di VeronaVeronaItaly Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology URIUrological Research InstituteIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly Department of Urology Comprehensive Cancer CenterMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria Department of Urology Weill Cornell Medical CollegeNew YorkNYUSA Department of Urology University of Texas SouthwesternDallasTXUSA Department of Urology Second Faculty of MedicineCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical UniversityMoscowRussia Division of Urology Department of Special SurgeryJordan University HospitalThe University of JordanAmmanJordan

Objectives:This study aimed to test the association between of type and number of D'Amico high-risk criteria(DHRCs)with cancer-specific mortality(CSM)in high-risk prostate cancer patients treated with radical *** and methods:In the Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results database(2004–2016),we identified 31,281 radical prostatectomy patients with at least 1 DHRC,namely,prostate-specific antigen(PSA)>20 ng/mL(hrPSA),biopsy Gleason Grade Group(hrGGG)score of 4 and 5,or clinical tumor stage≥T3(hrcT).Multivariable Cox regression models and competing risks regression models(adjusting for other cause mortality)tested the association between DHRCs and 5-year ***:Of 31,281 patients,14,394(67%)exclusively harbored hrGGG,3189(15%)harbored hrPSA,and 1781(8.2%)harbored *** 2132 patients(6.8%)harbored a combination of the 2 DHRCs,and 138(0.6%)had all 3 ***-year CSMrates ranged from 0.9%to 3.0%when any individual DHRC was present(hrcT,hrPSA,and hrGGG,in that order),1.6%to 5.9%when 2 DHRCs were present(hrPSA-hrcT,hrcT-hrGGG,and hrPSA-hrGGG,in that order),and 8.1%when all 3 DHRCs were *** regression models and competing risks regression confirmed the independent predictor status of DHRCs for 5-year CSM that was observed in univariable analyses,with hazard ratios from 1.00 to 2.83 for 1 DHRC,2.35 to 5.88 for combinations of 2 DHRCs,and 7.13 for all 3 ***:Within individual DHRCs,hrcT and hrPSA exhibited weaker effects than hrGGG ***,a dose-response effect was identified according to the number of ***,the type and number of DHRCs allow further risk stratification within the high-risk subgroup.

关键词： High risk prostate cancer Radical prostatectomy Cancer-specific mortality Staging SEER

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Could quantitative liver function tests gain wide acceptance among hepatologists?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第28期15卷 3457-3461页

作者： giovanni Tarantino Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine Federico II University Medical School of Naples

It has been emphasized that the assessment of residual liver function is of paramount importance to determine the following： severity of acute or chronic liver diseases independent of etiology; long-term prognosis; step-bystep disease progression; surgical risk; and efficacy of antiviral treatment. The most frequently used tools are the galactose elimination capacity to asses hepatocyte cytosol activity, plasma clearance of indocyanine green to assess excretory function, and antipyrine clearance to estimate microsomal activity. However, a widely accepted liver test （not necessarily a laboratory one） to assess quantitative functional hepatic reserve still needs to be established, although there have been various proposals. Furthermore, who are the operators that should order these tests？ Advances in analytic methods are expected to allow quantitative liver function tests to be used in clinical practice.

关键词： Chronic diseases Fatty liver Hepatitis,viral Liver cirrhosis Liver function tests Prognosis

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Geofluids Hosted in the Deep Crust: From Systematics to Parametrization of their Significance

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2021年第S1期95卷 31-33页

作者： giovanni MARTINELLI INGV Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia Department of PalermoPalermoItaly Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouChina Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources Gansu Province/Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources ResearchInstitute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouChina

Earthquake is a sudden release of energy due to fault *** severity of the damages can be minimized by development of a culture of prevention which includes the Seismic Hazard Assessment,microzonation studies and appro... 详细信息

关键词： probabilistic seismic hazard assessment deterministic seismic hazard assessment helium isotopes geochemical prospection earthquake precursors

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Spread of Zika virus:The key role of mosquito vector control

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2016年第6期6卷 468-471页

作者： giovanni Benelli Insect Behaviour Group Department of AgricultureFood and EnvironmentUniversity of Pisa

Mosquitoes(Diptera: Culicidae) represent a key threat for millions of humans and animals worldwide, since they act as vectors for important parasites and pathogens,including malaria, filariasis and a wide number of arboviruses. The recent outbreaks of Zika virus infections occurring in South America, Central America, and the Caribbean,represent the most recent four arrivals of important arboviruses in the western hemisphere, over the last 20 years, namely dengue, West Nile virus, and chikungunya. Since there are no specific treatments for Zika virus and the other arboviruses mentioned above,it should be highlighted that the eco-friendly and effective control of mosquito vectors is of pivotal importance. Besides radiation, transgenic and symbiont-based mosquito control approaches, an effective option may be the employ of biological control agents of mosquito young instars, in presence of ultra-low quantities of green-synthesized nanoparticles, which magnify their predation efficiency. Furthermore, behaviour-based control tools relying on the employ of swarming behaviour manipulation(i.e. the "lure and kill"approach), pheromone traps, sound traps need further research attention. In particular,detailed basic information on the physical and chemical cues routing mosquito swarming and mating dynamics is urgently required.

关键词： Anopheles Aedes Culex Arbovirus Chikungunya Dengue Guillain–Barre syndrome Microcephaly Natural product research Nanoparticles

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Should nonalcoholic fatty liver disease be regarded as a hepatic illness only?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第35期13卷 4669-4672页

作者： giovanni Tarantino Section of Hepatology in Internal Medicine Department of Clinical and Experimental MedicineFederico Ⅱ University Medical School of NaplesItaly

The highly increasing prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus in the general population makes nonalcoholic fatty liver disease the most common diagnosis in every-day practices. Lifestyle changes （mainly exercise withdrawal and weight gain） have probably heightened the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Mortality in patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease is significantly higher when compared with that of the same age-gender general population. Hepatologists claim to bear a new burden, being Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease strongly linked to systemic diseases.

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Metabolic syndrome Diabetes mellitus Obesity Polycystic ovary sindrome Obstructive sleep apnea Cardiovascular disease

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Compact Differential Evolution Light: High Performance Despite Limited Memory Requirement and Modest Computational Overhead

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2012年第5期27卷 1056-1076页

作者： giovanni Iacca Fabio Caraffini Ferrante Neri EDepartment of Mathematical Information Technology University of JyvskylP.O.Box 35(Agora) Department of Mathematical Information Technology University of JyvskylP.O.Box 35(Agora)

Compact algorithms are Estimation of Distribution Algorithms which mimic the behavior of population-based algorithms by means of a probabilistic representation of the population of candidate solutions. These algorithms have a similar behaviour with respect to population-based algorithms but require a much smaller memory. This feature is crucially important in some engineering applications, especially in robotics. A high performance compact algorithm is the compact Differential Evolution （cDE） algorithm. This paper proposes a novel implementation of cDE, namely compact Differential Evolution light （cDElight）, to address not only the memory saving necessities but also real-time requirements, cDElight employs two novel algorithmic modifications for employing a smaller computational overhead without a performance loss, with respect to cDE. Numerical results, carried out on a broad set of test problems, show that cDElight, despite its minimal hardware requirements, does not deteriorate the performance of cDE and thus is competitive with other memory saving and population-based algorithms. An application in the field of mobile robotics highlights the usability and advantages of the proposed approach.

关键词： differential evolution compact optimization real-time optimization

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Automated mixing of maximally localized Wannier functions into target manifolds

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 229-237页

作者： Junfeng Qiao giovanni Pizzi Nicola Marzari Theory and Simulations of Materials(THEOS) and National Centre for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials(MARVEL)École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne1015 LausanneSwitzerland Laboratory for Materials Simulations(LMS) Paul Scherrer Institut(PSI)CH-5232 Villigen PSISwitzerland

Maximally localized Wannier functions(MLWFs)are widely used in electronic-structure *** have recently developed automated approaches to generate MLWFs that represent natural tight-binding sets of atomic-like orbitals;these describe accurately both the occupied states and the complementary unoccupied *** many applications,it is required to use MLWFs that describe instead certain target groups of bands:the valence or the conduction bands,or correlated ***,we start from these tight-binding sets of MLWFs,and mix them using a combination of parallel transport and maximal localization to construct manifold-remixed Wannier functions(MRWFs):these are orthogonal sets of MLWFs that fully and only span desired target *** algorithm is simple and robust,and is showcased here in reference applications(silicon,MoS_(2),and SrVO_(3))and in a mid-throughput study of 77 insulators.

关键词： maximal bands occupied

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