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Non-invasive diagnosis of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第41期21卷 11567-11583页

作者： Yoav Lurie Muriel Webb Ruth Cytter-Kuint Shimon Shteingart gerardo z lederkremer Liver Unit Shaare Zedek Medical Center affiliated with the Hebrew University School of Medicine Liver Unit Department of Gastroenterology Tel Aviv Medical Center Radiology Department Shaare Zedek Medical Center Digestive Disease Institute Shaare Zedek Medical Center affiliated with the Hebrew University School of Medicine Department of Cell Research and Immunology George Wise Faculty of Life Sciences Tel Aviv University

The evaluation and follow up of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis have been traditionally performed by liver biopsy. However, during the last 20 years, it has become evident that this "gold-standard" is imperfect; even according to its proponents, it is only "the best" among available methods. Attempts at uncovering non-invasive diagnostic tools have yielded multiple scores, formulae, and imaging modalities. All are better tolerated, safer, more acceptable to the patient, and can be repeated essentially as often as required. Most are much less expensive than liver biopsy. Consequently, their use is growing, and in some countries the number of biopsies performed, at least for routine evaluation of hepatitis B and C, has declined sharply. However, the accuracy and diagnostic value of most, if not all, of these methods remains controversial. In this review for the practicing physician, we analyze established and novel biomarkers and physical techniques. We may be witnessing in recent years the beginning of the end of the first phase for the development of non-invasive markers. Early evidence suggests that they might be at least as good as liver biopsy. Novel experimental markers and imaging techniques could produce a dramatic change in diagnosis in the near future.

关键词： Liver Fibrosis Cirrhosis Non-invasive Serum biomar

The protein-protein interaction landscape of transcription factors during gynoecium development in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2023年第1期16卷 260-278页

作者： Humberto Herrera-Ubaldo Sergio E.Campos Pablo López-Gómez Valentín Luna-García Víctor M.zúñiga-Mayo gerardo E.Armas-Caballero Karla L.González-Aguilera Alexander DeLuna Nayelli Marsch-Martínez Carlos Espinosa-Soto Stefan de Folter Unidad de Genómica Avanzada(UGA-LANGEBIO) Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional(CINVESTAV-IPN)IrapuatoGuanajuato 36824México Departamento de Biotecnología y Bioquímica Unidad IrapuatoCINVESTAV-IPNIrapuatoGuanajuato 36824México Instituto de Física Universidad de San Luis PotosíSan Luis PotosíSLP 78290México Present address:Department of Plant Sciences University of CambridgeCambridgeUK Present address:Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology University of California DavisDavisCAUSA Present address:CONACYT Instituto de FitosanidadColegio de PostgraduadosCampus MontecilloTexcocoMéxico

Flowers are composed of organs whose identity is defined by the combinatorial activity of transcription factors(TFs).The interactions between MADS-box TFs and protein complex formation have been schematized in the floral quartet model of flower *** gynoecium is the flower’s female reproductive part,crucial for fruit and seed production and,hence,for reproductive *** the establishment of carpel identity,many tissues arise to form a mature *** have been described as regulators of gynoecium development,and some interactions and complexes have been ***,broad knowledge about the interactions among these TFs and their participation during development remains *** this study,we used a systems biology approach to understand the formation of a complex reproductive unit—as the gynoecium—by mapping binary interactions between well-characterized *** analyzed almost 4500 combinations and detected more than 250 protein-protein interactions(PPIs),resulting in a process-specific interaction *** analyses suggest hidden functions and novel roles for many *** addition,we observed a close relationship between TFs involved in auxin and cytokinin-signaling pathways and other ***,we analyzed the network by combining PPI data,expression,and genetic data,which helped us to dissect it into several dynamic spatio-temporal subnetworks related to gynoecium development ***,we generated an extended PPI network that predicts new players in gynoecium *** together,all these results serve as a valuable resource for the plant community.

关键词： interactome networks transcription factors gynoecium development

History of Infection Prior to Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant in the Recipient as a Risk Factor to Develop Acute Graft versus Host Disease

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2019年第4期10卷 327-335页

作者： Alberto Olaya-Vargas Iván Castorena-Villa Martin Pérez-García gerardo Lopéz-Hernández Nideshda Ramírez-Uribe Haydeé Salazar-Rosales Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant and Cell Therapy Program National Institute of Pediatrics (INP) Mexico City México Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantand Cell TherapyProgram Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gomez Instituto Nacional de Salud México City México

Background: Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) is the most frequent and severe complication after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Objective: To determine if a history of prior infection in the allogeneic HSTC recipient is a risk factor to develop aGVHD. Methods: A retrospective cohort study based on data collected from the Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation at the Instituto Nacional de Pediatría (INP) from January 1998 to December 2016 was performed to identify if prior infection was a predictive risk factor for aGVHD. Results: 27 patients developed aGVHD (36.4%). Median time to aGVHD presentation was 82 days (9 to 273 days). Most patients developed grade III aGVHD. Following the multivariate analysis peripheral blood > bone marrow (OR 12.3;p 8.3 × 106/kg (OR 7.1;p = 0.05), peripheral blood (OR: 11.4;p < 0.001), infection 3 months prior to allogeneic transplant (OR: 4.5;p < 0.03) and CMV infection in the recipient (OR: 4.68;p Conclusions: Either bacterial infection or CMV infection in the recipient was significant risk factor within the aGVHD recipients;it is important to consider these factors for patients that are going to receive an allogeneic HSCT.

关键词： Allogeneic HSCT Complications Acute GVHD HSCT Infections

Determination of mRNA Expression of Typical Proteins of Tight Junctions in the Intestinal Mucosa of Broilers (Gallus gallus domesticus)

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2021年第6期11卷 212-225页

作者： Elizabeth Aguirre García Carlos Ignacio Soto zárate Francisco Rodolfo González Díaz José Luis Nieto Bordes Germán Isauro Garrido Fariña Carlos gerardo García Tovar Laboratorio 4 de Morfología Veterinaria y Biología Celular Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Cuautitlán Izcalli México Laboratorio de Apoyo a Histología y Biología. Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Cuautitlán Izcalli México

Tight junctions are mainly formed by two types of proteins;claudins and occludin, both of which are fundamental to maintain the integrity and barrier function of the intestinal epithelium. This barrier function allows for the absorption of nutrients, mainly by transcytosis;however, in birds, 90% of the substances are absorbed by paracellular mechanisms. Despite this, claudins present in the different parts of the intestinal tract of adult chickens are not known, much less their functional role. This study aimed to determine the presence of mRNA of claudins 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, 12, 16 and occludin, in the different regions of the intestine (duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, and rectum) in chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) through RT-PCR. To meet this goal, 7 weeks old roosters destined for slaughter and chicken embryos of 16 days of incubation (positive control) were used. For all the processed samples, amplicons of the expected size were obtained;claudin 1 (662 pb), claudin 2 (162 pb), claudin 3 (185 pb), claudin 5 (224 pb), claudin 10 (687 pb), claudin 12 (738 pb), claudin 16 (191 pb) and occludin (430 pb). To corroborate these findings, obtained amplicons were sequenced and, subsequently, a basic alignment was performed on the NCBI, obtaining a correlation of 100% with the original sequences in all analyzed samples. To our knowledge, the present work represents the first written report regarding the presence of mRNA of the main proteins involved in tight junction formation throughout the intestinal tract of domestic chickens of 7 weeks of age. These findings will allow elucidating the specific function of each of the reported proteins in the process of paracellular absorption in chickens.

关键词： Chicken mRNA Claudins Ocludin Tight Junctions and RT-PCR

Experiment Design for the Location-Allocation Problem

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Applied Mathematics 2014年第14期5卷 2168-2183页

作者： María Beatríz Bernábe Loranca Rogelio González Velázquez Martín Estrada Analco Mario Bustillo Díaz gerardo Martínez Guzman Abraham Sánchez López Computer Science Department Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla Puebla México

The allocation of facilities and customers is a key problem in the design of supply chains of companies. In this paper, this issue is approached by partitioning the territory in areas where the distribution points are allocated. The demand is modelled through a set of continuous functions based on the population density of the geographic units of the territory. Because the partitioning problem is NP hard, it is necessary to use heuristic methods to obtain reliable solutions in terms of quality and response time. The Neighborhood Variable Search and Simulated Annealing heuristics have been selected for the study because of their proven efficiency in difficult combinatorial optimization problems. The execution time is the variable chosen for a factorial experimental design to determine the best-performing heuristics in the problem. In order to compare the quality of the solutions in the territorial partition, we have chosen the execution time as the common parameter to compare the two heuristics. At this point, we have developed a factorial statistical experimental design to select the best heuristic approaches to this problem. Thus, we generate a territorial partition with the best performing heuristics for this problem and proceed to the application of the location-allocation model, where the demand is modelled by a set of continuous functions based on the population density of the geographical units of the territory.

关键词： Demand Experimental Design Heuristics Location-Allocation Partitioning.

Evaluation of the Antiviral Activity of Propolis from Native Bees (Plebeia frontalis) against Canine Distemper Virus

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2020年第12期10卷 207-218页

作者： Olga Valeria Domínguez Jiménez Betsabé Rodríguez Pérez Tonatiuh Alejandro Cruz Sánchez Carlos gerardo García Tovar José Luis Nieto Bordes Carlos Ignacio Soto zárate Laboratorio 4 de Morfología Veterinaria y Biología Celular Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria (UIM) Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán UNAM Cuautitlán Izcalli México Laboratorio 6 de Bioprospección Microbiológica Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria (UIM) Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán UNAM Cuautitlán Izcalli México

Propolis is a natural substance made from resins collected from trees and plants, and which bees combine with pollen, wax, and their own enzymes. It has a complex chemical composition that varies with the harvest season, vegetation type, bee species, and geographical region. Thanks to its components, it has valuable biological properties such as antifungal, antibacterial, anticancer, antiviral, and immunomodulatory activity. For this study, a sample of propolis harvested in April 2019 was used, which came from a bee native to Mexico (Plebeia frontalis) in whose geographical environment there are seven other native species. Canine distemper virus is an RNA virus that causes a systemic infection with high fatality rates in guests without protective immunity. In this work, the antiviral effect of Plebeia frontalis propolis on canine distemper virus was tested, administering it one hour before and simultaneously to infection. The antiviral effect was evaluated by determining cellular viability with the MTT assay. The results obtained show that this propolis has a statistically significant antiviral effect on both treatments, although it is slightly better when applied one hour before viral infection, so we can recommend it as an antiviral treatment in both domestic animals and human beings. There are currently few studies of the antiviral effect of propolis, this being the first study of a melliponium propolis in veterinary medicine.

关键词： Propolis Vero Cells Antiviral Effect Meliponines

Evaluation of Changes in Actin Filaments of RK13 Cells Infected with Malassezia pachydermatis

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2018年第2期8卷 15-24页

作者： Iris del Socorro Flores Rodríguez Tonatiuh Alejandro Cruz Sánchez José Luis Nieto Bordes Francisco Rodolfo González Díaz Carlos Ignacio Soto zárate Carlos gerardo García Tovar Laboratorio 6 de Bioprospección Microbiológica Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria (UIM) Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán UNAM Cuautitlán Izcallí México Laboratorio 4 de Morfología Veterinaria y Biología Celular Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria (UIM) Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán UNAM Cuautitlán Izcallí México

Background: Malassezia pachydermatis is the main causative agent of canine otitis and also of a myriad of dermatological problems in companion animals;its interaction mechanisms with host cells are still unclear. Objectives: To establish an in vitro infection model of M. pachydermatis-exposed RK13 cells in order to evaluate cell morphological changes as well as changes in the structure of actin filaments. Methods: Cultures of RK13 cells were infected with M. pachydermatis, alterations caused by the yeast were evaluated by optical and fluorescence microscopy. Results: M. pachydermatis adheres itself to the cell and produces the formation of multiple agglomerates that cause changes in cell morphology, formation of cell aggregates in overlays, presence of syncytia and destruction of cell culture structure. The damaged cells presented changes in the actin filaments consisting of thickening of the cell cortex and loss of stress fibers. On the other hand, the formation of perinuclear actin rings in the yeasts was observed. Conclusions: An in vitro infection model was established with M. pachydermatis and alterations in cell morphology were observed consisting of changes in the structure of the actin filaments, overgrowth of the cells and the presence of syncytia.

关键词： Malassezia pachydermatis RK13 Cells Actin Filaments

Logistic Methods in Calculating Mortality Index in Hidalgo México

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Applied Mathematics 2015年第8期6卷 1193-1199页

作者： gerardo Martínez-Guzmán Mario Mauricio Bustillo-Díaz Alejandro Rangel-Huerta Gabriel Juárez-Díaz Apolonio Ata-Pérez Nicolás Quiroz-Hernández Rogelio González-Velázquez María Beatríz Bernabe-Loranca Facultad de Ciencias de la Computación Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla Puebla México

Mortality projections in a population are based on the prior analysis of mortality in a region, hoever, there are populations where data are not available or not reflect its real mortality level, that is, the projections depend on hypothesis strength of previous data. Based on these assumptions, the mathematical method Genova I Maleras 1997 used the most recent data and the model tables from the United Nations (UN). This method was applied to a mortality survey of the population of Hidalgo State, Mexico, projecting to year 2030. This method has not been applied in Mexico.

关键词： Mortality Projection Genova I Maleras Method