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N-acetyl cysteine alters the genotoxic and estrogenic properties of Alternaria toxins in naturally occurring mixtures

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Emerging Contaminants 2022年第1期8卷 30-38页

作者： georg Aichinger Dino Grgic Julia Beisl Francesco Crudo Benedikt Warth Elisabeth Varga Doris Marko Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology University of ViennaAustria Department of Health Sciences and Technology ETH ZurichSwitzerland

It is unclear if complex mycotoxin mixtures produced by Alternaria *** estrogenic and/or genotoxic under physiological conditions,particularly considering the co-occurrence with antioxidants in ***,this study focused on enlightening the impact of N-acetyl cysteine(NAC),as a representative antioxidative SH-donor,on the mentioned toxicological endpoints of the signature Alternaria toxins alternariol(AOH),altertoxin-II(ATX-II)and a complex extract(CE)of an Alternaria alternata *** Ishikawa cells as an in vitro model,we monitored alterations in toxin concentrations by LC-MS/MS,estrogenicity by alkaline phosphatase assays,cytotoxicity by sulforhodamine B assays,genotoxicity by single-cell gel electrophoresis and the transcription of selected genes of interest by quantitative realtime *** results indicate that the strong genotoxic effects of epoxide-carrying perylene quinones such as ATX-II are erased in the presence of *** cellular effects of ATX-II/AOH mixtures are dominated by the genotoxicity of the perylene *** this mixture,AOH regained its estrogenicity when coincubated with *** contrast,NAC treatment of an AOH/CE mixture did not result in a recovery of estrogenicity,but in potentiated anti-estrogenic *** findings were in line with gene transcription data,that indicated the aryl hydrocarbon receptor(AhR)to be a prime mediator of Alternaria toxin e induced antagonistic effects towards estrogen receptor *** together,further studies on potential endocrine-disruptive properties of non-genotoxic perylene quinones should be a future research priority in the field of these emerging contaminants.

关键词： Mycotoxin DNA damage Xenoestrogen Combinatory toxicology Food contaminant Mixture effects

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Targeting Plant Ethylene Responses by Controlling Essential Protein-Protein Interactions in the Ethylene Pathway

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Molecular Plant 2015年第8期8卷 1165-1174页

作者： Melanie M.A. Bisson georg Groth Institute of Biochemical Plant Physiology Heinrich-Heine University Dusseldorf D-40204 Dusseldorf Germany

The gaseous plant hormone ethylene regulates many processes of high agronomic relevance throughout the life span of plants. A central element in ethylene signaling is the endoplasmic reticulum （ER）-Iocalized membrane protein ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE2 （EIN2）. Recent studies indicate that in response to ethylene, the extra-membranous C-terminal end of EIN2 is proteolytically processed and translocated from the ER to the nucleus. Here, we report that the conserved nuclear localization signal （NLS） mediating nuclear import of the EIN2 C-terminus provides an important domain for complex formation with ethylene receptor ETHYLENE RESPONSE1 （ETR1）. EIN2 lacking the NLS domain shows strongly reduced affinity for the receptor. Interaction of EIN2 and ETR1 is also blocked by a synthetic peptide of the NLS motif. The corre- sponding peptide substantially reduces ethylene responses in planta. Our results uncover a novel mecha- nism and type of inhibitor interfering with ethylene signal transduction and ethylene responses in plants. Disruption of essential protein-protein interactions in the ethylene signaling pathway as shown in our study for the EIN2-ETR1 complex has the potential to guide the development of innovative ethylene antagonists for modern agriculture and horticulture.

关键词： fruit ripening ethylene responses peptide protein-protein interactions inhibitor

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New Insight in Ethylene Signaling： Autokinase Activity of ETR1 Modulates the Interaction of Receptors and EIN2

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Molecular Plant 2010年第5期3卷 882-889页

作者： Melanie M.A. Bisson georg Groth Heinrich-Heine Universitat Dusseldorf Biochemie der Pflanzen Universitatsstr. 1 40225 Dosseldorf Germany

Ethylene insensitive 2 （EIN2）, an integral membrane protein of the ER network, has been identified as the central regulator of the ethylene signaling pathway. Still, the mechanism by which the ethylene signal is transferred from the receptors to EIN2 has not been solved yet. Here, we show that protein phosphorylation is a key mechanism to control the interaction of EIN2 and the receptors. In vivo and in vitro fluorescence studies reveal that the kinase domain of the receptors is essential for the interaction. Cyanide, an ethylene agonist, which is known to reduce auto-phosphorylation of the ethylene receptor ethylene resistant 1 （ETR1） or a mutation in the kinase domain of ETR1 that prevents autophosphorylation （H353A）, increases the affinity of the receptors for EIN2. On the other hand, mimicking permanent auto-phosphorylation of ETR1 as in the mutant H353E releases the EiN2-ETR1 interaction from the control by the plant hormone. Based on our data, we propose a novel model on the integration of EIN2 in the ethylene signaling cascade.

关键词： Membrane biochemistry protein phosphorylation/dephosphorylation receptors signal transduction membrane proteins ethylene protein-protein interaction.

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Dawn of complex animal food webs:A new predatory anthozoan(Cnidaria)from Cambrian

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The Innovation 2022年第1期3卷 83-90页

作者： Qiang Ou Degan Shu Zhifei Zhang Jian Han Heyo Van Iten Meirong Cheng Jie Sun Xiaoyong Yao Rong Wang georg Mayer Early Life Evolution Laboratory State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental GeologyChina University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China Department of Zoology University of KasselKassel 34132Germany Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Early Life and Environment State Key Laboratory of Continental DynamicsDepartment of GeologyNorthwest UniversityXi’an 710069China Department of Geology Hanover CollegeHanoverIN 47243USA Cincinnati Museum Center Department of Invertebrate Paleontology1301 Western AvenueCincinnatiOH 45203USA School of Earth Science and Resources Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710054China

Cnidarians diverged very early in animal evolution;therefore,investigations of the morphology and trophic levels of early fossil cnidarians may provide critical insights into the evolution of metazoans and the origin of modern marine food ***,there has been a lack of unambiguous anthozoan cnidarians from Ediacaran assemblages,and undoubted anthozoans from the Cambrian radiation of metazoans are very rare and lacking in ecological ***,we report a new polypoid cnidarian,Nailiana elegans *** ***.,represented by multiple solitary specimens from the early Cambrian Chengjiang biota(-520 Ma)of South *** specimens show eight unbranched tentacles surrounding a single opening into the gastric cavity,which may have born multiple ***,*** displays a level of organization similar to that of extant *** analyses place *** in the stem lineage of Anthozoa and suggest that the ancestral anthozoan was a soft-bodied,solitary polyp showing octoradial ***,one specimen of the new polyp preserves evidence of predation on an epifaunal lingulid *** case provides the oldest direct evidence of macrophagous predation,the advent of which may have triggered the emergence of complex trophic/ecological relationships in Cambrian marine communities and spurred the explosive radiation of animal body plans.

关键词： China Cambrian solitary

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Proposed Methodology for Generation of Building Information Model with Laserscanning

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2008年第S1期13卷 138-144页

作者： Jrg Isele georg Bretthauer Institute for Applied Computer Science Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe

For refurbishment and state review of an existing old building, a new model reflecting the current state is often required especially when the original plans are no longer accessible. Laser scanners are used more and more as surveying instruments for various applications because of their high-precision scanning abilities. For buildings, the most notable and widely accepted product data model is the IFC product data model. It is designed to cover the whole lifecycle and supported by various software vendors and enables applications to efficiently share and exchange project information. The models obtained with the laser scanner, normally sets of points ('point cloud'), have to be transferred to an IFC compatible building information model to serve the needs of different planning states. This paper presents an approach designed by the German Research Center in Karlsruhe (Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe) to create an IFC compatible building information model from laser range images. The methodology through the entire process from data acquisition to the IFC compatible product model was proposed in this paper. In addition, IFC-Models with different level of detail (LoDs) were introduced and discussed within the work.

关键词： laserscanning building information model (BIM) industry foundation classes (IFC) object rec-ognition simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM)

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Different Conceptions and a General Concept of Human Rights

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Fudan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences 2015年第3期8卷 369-385页

作者： georg Lohmann Friedbergstr. 38 14057 Berlin Germany

In this study, I show that human rights are historical projects. They are legal inventions and institutional structures and respond to historical injustices and serious atrocities suffered by people, or which threaten them. It is useful therefore to first distinguish, both historically and systematically, different conceptions of human rights from a concept of human rights. I will distinguish three conceptions: national, international and transnational. Included in national conceptions are the human rights declarations of North America (1776) and France (1789). The starting event of the international conception is the Universal Declaration of Human Rights by the United Nations after the Second World War in 1948. And it can be argued that a transnational conception of human rights that better fits the globalised world and the already global developments in international law and governance is needed.

关键词：人权国际法制度结构世界大战全球发展世界性历史联合国

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Visual function restoration with a highly sensitive and fast Channelrhodopsin in blind mice

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第5期7卷 1389-1391页

作者： Fei Chen Xiaodong Duan Yao Yu Shang Yang Yuanyuan Chen Christine EGee georg Nagel Kang Zhang Shiqiang Gao Yin Shen Eye Center Wuhan University Renmin HospitalWuhanChina Department of Neurophysiology Institute of PhysiologyBiocenterUniversity of WuerzburgWuerzburgGermany Institute for Synaptic Physiology University Medical Center Hamburg EppendorfHamburgGermany Center for Biomedicine and Innovations Faculty of MedicineMacao University of Science and Technology and University HospitalMacaoChina Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism and Medical Research Institute at School of MedicineWuhan UniversityWuhanChina

Inherited and age-related retinal degenerative diseases cause progressive loss of photoreceptors,ultimately leading to *** is a promising strategy for restoring visual function through photosensitive proteins’ectopic expression in surviving retinal neurons.1 Very recently,the optogenetic method with a red-shifted Channelrhodopsin was clinically applied for partial recovery of visual function in a blind patient.2 However,major obstacles to achieving optimal optogenetic vision restoration are either the low light sensitivity or the slow kinetics of existing rhodopsin-based optogenetic tools,which can be improved by molecular engineering to enhance the efficacy of fast Channelrhodopsins(ChRs).

关键词： Visual visual function

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Individual Human Rights and Obligations Towards Communities

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Fudan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences 2015年第3期8卷 387-399页

作者： georg Lohmann Friedbergstr.38 14057 BerlinGermany

Tensions and oppositions between the individual and community have accompanied the discourse on human rights from the beginning. I want to first recall how in the UDHR (1948) and in the major human rights treaties, the rights and obligations of individuals are regulated towards communities. I then want to investigate whether the talk of “collective human rights”, understood as “third-generation” rights, are of equal value to be set with individual human rights. Against communitarian arguments for the primacy of community-related duties one can stress an expansion of a liberal concept of human rights by the inclusion of justice demands and social human rights. To show that special community needs can be protected and promoted through individual human rights and national collective rights, I used the example of the protection of minorities. Finally, I will explain why human rights are not a comprehensive theory of the good and illustrate with this the limits, and also the original strength of human rights. We should not overestimate human rights, but also we should be aware that a sober understanding of human rights is philosophically reasonable, legally possible and politically of great importance.

关键词： Individualism of human rights Collective rights Third generation of human rights Communitarianism Cultural relativism and universality Protectionof minorities Social human rights A sober conception of human rights Limits and strength of human rights

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Vitamin B_(12) Deficiency in Newborns and their Mothers_Novel Approaches to Early Detection,Treatment and Prevention of a Global Health Issue

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Current Medical Science 2020年第5期40卷 801-809页

作者： Gwendolyn Gramer georg F.Hoffmann University Hospital Heidelberg Center for Pediatric and Adolescent MedicineDivision of Neuropediatrics and Metabolic MedicineDietmar Hopp Metabolic CenterIm Neuenheimer Feld 6691 Heidelberg 69120Germany

Vitamin B 12 deficiency,mostly of maternal origin in newborns,is a well treatable condition but can cause severe neurologic *** women of childbearing age and pregnant women worldwide vitamin B12 deficiency has been reported with frequencies of 10%-50%.Children with vitam in B I2 deficiency are asym ptom atic at birth but may develop severe multisystemic symptoms,including irreversible developmental impairment in the second halfyear of *** detection of vitamin B12 deficiency allows for presymptomatic *** article provides an overview over the function of vitamin B12 and discusses causes and frequency of vitamin B12 deficiency in newborns,infants,and women of childbearing *** describes novel successful approaches to newborn screening(NBS)for vitamin B,2 deficiency and results of a pilot study which performed systematic NBS for vitamin B12 deficiency using so-called second-tier strategies by measuring homocysteine and methylmalonic acid in dried blood *** for diagnostics in mothers of children with vitamin B12 deficiency are described as well as results of systematic work-up in mothers and treatment and follow-up of children with vitamin B12 deficiency detected by *** options of vitamin B12 deficiency are presented including a newly developed standardized supplementation scheme with exclusively oral vitamin BI2 *** for preventive approaches to vitamin Bl2 deficiency for children and mothers are *** children worldwide could benefit from systematic inclusion of vitamin B12 deficiency into NBS *** addition,preventive approaches to maternal vitamin B12 deficiency should be implemented systematically during maternal care.

关键词： vitamin B_(12)deficiency prevention treatment mother and child health newborn screening maternal

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INTEGRATION OF MODERN AND TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE

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针刺研究 1988年第1期13卷 32-35页

作者： georg Konig Austria

At first Ⅰwould like to thank the organizers for giving me the opportunityto take part in this big conference. I am very happy that this is my sixthtrip to China where found numerous personal friends and also excelle... 详细信息

关键词： very INTEGRATION OF MODERN AND TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE

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