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Influence of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation on the Winter Climate of East China

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2007年第1期24卷 126-135页

作者：李双林 gary T.BATES Nansen-Zhu International Research Centre Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029 NOAA ESRL-CIRES Climate Diagnostics CenterUniversity of ColoradoBoulderColorado NOAA ESRL-CIRES Climate Diagnostics Center University of ColoradoBoulderColorado

The Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation （AMO）, the multidecadal variation of North Atlantic sea surface temperature （SST）, exhibits an oscillation with a period of 65-80 years and an amplitude of 0.4℃. Observational composite analyses reveal that the warm phase AMO is linked to warmer winters in East China, with enhanced precipitation in the north of this region and reduced precipitation in the south, on multidecadal time scales. The pattern is reversed during the cold phase AMO. Whether the AMO acts as a forcing of the multidecadal winter climate of East China is explored by investigating the atmospheric response to warm AMO SST anomalies in a large ensemble of atmospheric general circulation model （AGCM） experiments. The results from three AGCMs are consistent and suggest that the AMO warmth favors warmer winters in East China. This influence is realized through inducing negative surface air pressure anomalies in the hemispheric-wide domain extending from the midlatitude North Atlantic to midlatitude Eurasia. These negative surface anomalies favor the weakening of the Mongolian Cold High, and thus induce a weaker East Asian Winter Monsoon.

关键词： Atlantic Multidccadal Oscillation winter climate East China

Information Science Roles in the Emerging Field of Data Science

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Journal of Data and Information Science 2016年第2期1卷 1-6页

作者： gary Marchionini School of Information and Library Science University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

There has long been discussion about the distinctions of library science,information science,and informatics,and how these areas differ and overlap with computer *** the term data science is emerging that generates ex... 详细信息

关键词： Information Science Roles in the Emerging Field of Data Science

Dysglycemia and arrhythmias

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World Journal of Diabetes 2023年第8期14卷 1163-1177页

作者： Dong-Kun Sun Nan Zhang Ying Liu Jiu-Chun Qiu gary Tse Guang-Ping Li Leonardo Roever Tong Liu Department of Cardiology Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular DiseaseTianjin Institute of CardiologySecond Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjin 300211China Kent and Medway Medical School Kent CT27NTCanterburyUnited Kingdom School of Nursing and Health Studies Metropolitan UniversityHong Kong 999077China Department of Clinical Research Federal University of UberlândiaUberlândia38400384MGBrazil

Disorders in glucose metabolism can be divided into three separate but interrelated domains,namely hyperglycemia,hypoglycemia,and glycemic *** glycemic control in patients with diabetes might increase the risk of hypoglycemic incidents and glucose *** three dysglycemic states occur not only amongst patients with diabetes,but are frequently present in other clinical settings,such as during critically ill.A growing body of evidence has focused on the relationships between these dysglycemic domains with cardiac arrhythmias,including supraventricular arrhythmias(primarily atrial fibrillation),ventricular arrhythmias(malignant ventricular arrhythmias and QT interval prolongation),and bradyarrhythmias(bradycardia and heart block).Different mechanisms by which these dysglycemic states might provoke cardiac arrhythmias have been identified in experimental studies.A customized glycemic control strategy to minimize the risk of hyperglycemia,hypoglycemia and glucose variability is of the utmost importance in order to mitigate the risk of cardiac arrhythmias.

关键词： Dysglycemia Hyperglycemia Hypoglycemia Glucose variability Cardiac arrhythmia

A model of regional economic development with increasing returns

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2007年第1期8卷 164-170页

作者： QIAN Edward Y. YAO Yao-jun CHEN gary Center for Research of Private Economy Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China College of Finance Zhejiang Gongshang University Hangzhou 310018 China Department of Management Setenee University of Waterloo Waterloo ON N2L 3G1 Canada

This paper develops mathematically and empirically tractable regional and interregional model of economic devel-opment with increasing returns to scale (IRS) under the neoclassical assumptions. A one-sector, two-region model in which one region exhibits IRS is presented and the whole nation presents constant returns to scale. The development of the local IRS economy is shown to be constrained to a “moving equilibrium” path. The preliminary empirical results are sufficiently supportive of the argument to encourage further research along the lines of the model. In particular, the neoclassical model does not predict negative coefficients on the real rental value of capital in regressions explaining population or employment relative to that in the nation.

关键词：经济发展模型区域经济收益增长动平衡规模收益递增

Prevalence of Cesarean Section at Georgetown Public Hospital Corporation, Guyana: An Institution-Based Cross-Sectional Study

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Open Journal of Clinical Diagnostics 2023年第3期13卷 29-47页

作者： gary Joseph Cecil Boston Gbenankpon Mathias Houvessou Georgetown Public Hospital Corporation Georgetown Guyana College of Medical Sciences University of Guyana Georgetown Guyana Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health Icahn School of medicine at Mount Sinai New York USA

The International Healthcare Community recommends that countries do not exceed a 15% rate for cesarean section (CS). Our objective was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with CS at GPHC from July to September 2022. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out and data were collected from 1296 mothers, who met the inclusion criteria, through face-to-face interviews after obtaining prior informed consent. We performed descriptive analyses both for the outcome and independent variables. Bivariate and multiple logistic regression were used to identify factors associated with CS with a p-value Results: The prevalence of CS at GPHC was 28.9% (95%CI: 26.5-31.5). Factors associated factors with CS were mothers aged 20 to 34 years (AOR: 1.56, 95%CI: 1.02 - 2.39, P = 0.039);mothers who received more than three minimum wages (AOR: 1.95, 95%CI: 1.29 - 2.97, P = 0.002) and who attended prenatal care at both public and private health facilities (AOR: 2.49, 95% CI: 1.19 - 5.22, P = 0.022). Likewise, the highest Odds of CS were observed in mothers with gestational hypertension (AOR: 2.00, 95%CI: 1.35 - 2.96, P Conclusion: The prevalence of CS is higher than the ideal rate recommended by the International Healthcare Community. More studies are needed to understand the reasons for such high prevalence at GPHC.

关键词： Cesarean Section Delivery Georgetown Public Hospital Corporation Guyana

Prenatal risk factors for internalizing and externalizing problems in childhood

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2020年第4期16卷 341-355页

作者： Joyce Tien gary D.Lewis Jianghong Liu Department of Family and Community Health School of NursingUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little RockARUSA

Background A growing body of research has documented the effects of prenatal risk factors on a wide spectrum of adverse offspring health *** behavior problems,such as externalizing and internalizing problems,are no *** comprehensive literature review aims to summarize and synthesize current research about commonly experienced prenatal risk factors associated with internalizing and externalizing problems,with a focus on their impact during childhood and *** mechanisms as well as implications are also *** sources The EBSCO,Web of Science,PubMed,Google Scholar,and Scopus databases were searched for studies examining the association between prenatal risk factors and offspring internalizing/externalizing problems,using keywords“prenatal”or“perinatal”or“birth complications”in combination with“internalizing”or“externalizing”.Relevant articles,including experimental research,systematic reviews,meta-analyses,cross-sectional and longitudinal cohort studies,and theoretical literature,were reviewed and synthesized to form the basis of this integrative *** Prenatal risk factors that have been widely investigated with regards to offspring internalizing and externalizing problems encompass health-related risk factors,including maternal overweight/obesity,substance use/abuse,environmental toxicant exposure,maternal infection/inflammation,as well as psychosocial risk factors,including intimate partner violence,and anxiety/***,both epidemiological and experimental studies support the adverse associations between these prenatal factors and increased risk of emotional/behavioral problem development during childhood and *** mechanisms of action underlying these associations include hormonal and immune system *** include prenatal education,screening,and intervention *** Prenatal risk factors are associated with a constellation of offspring internalizin

关键词： Externalizing Internalizing Obstetrical Pregnancy Prenatal risk factors

Age of onset of diabetes and all-cause mortality

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World Journal of Diabetes 2020年第4期11卷 95-99页

作者： gary Yee Ang Health Services and Outcomes Research National Healthcare GroupSingapore 138543Singapore

Diabetes mellitus continues to present a large social,financial and health system burden across the *** relationship between age of onset of the different types of diabetes and all-cause mortality is *** this review paper,the relationship between age of onset of the different types of diabetes and all-cause mortality will be reviewed and an update of the current evidence will be *** is strong evidence of the relationship between age of onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2 DM) and all-cause mortality,good evidence of the relationship between age of onset of T1 DM and all-cause mortality and no evidence of the relationship between age of onset of gestational diabetes or prediabetes and all-cause *** research is needed to look at whether aggressive management of earlier onset of T2 DM can help to reduce premature mortality.

关键词： Diabetes mellitus Age of onset Mortality Type 1 diabetes Type 2 diabetes Gestational diabetes Prediabetes

Reversibility of diabetes mellitus: Narrative review of the evidence

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World Journal of Diabetes 2018年第7期9卷 127-131页

作者： gary Yee Ang Health Services and Outcomes Research National Healthcare Group

The global disease burden of diabetes mellitus is high. It is well-established that prediabetes is reversible but it is unclear whether diabetes is reversible once it has been diagnosed. The objective of this narrative review is to review the evidence of reversibility of diabetes me-llitus and stimulate interest in prolonged remission as a treatment target. The current evidence for bariatric surgery is stronger than intensive medical management and the evidence is stronger for type 2 diabetes pa-tients compared with type 1 diabetes patients. It is also unclear whether non obese diabetes patients would benefit from such interventions and the duration of diabetes before diabetes become irreversible. Further research is needed in this area especially with regards to the subgroup of diabetes patient who will benefit from these interventions and the long term safety and efficacy remains unknown especially with intensive me-dical management.

关键词： Diabetes Reversibility Remission Bariatric surgery Obesity

Response of grease film at low speeds under pure rolling reciprocating motion

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Friction 2020年第1期8卷 115-135页

作者： Yiming HAN Jing WANG Shanshan WANG Qian ZOU gary BARBER School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Qingdao University of TechnologyHuangdao CampusQingdao 266520China School of Engineering and Computer Science Oakland UniversityRochesterMI 48309USA

Using an optical interferometric technique,the grease film distribution under a pure rolling reciprocating motion is observed on a ball‐disk test rig,to explore the transient response of grease,which is expected to fill the contact with thickener fiber and run for a long time under steady‐state *** is found that the reciprocating motion reduces the accumulation of the thickener fiber gradually with *** maximum film thickness forms around the stroke *** 1,000 working cycles,very severe starvation occurs so that either the central or minimum film thickness becomes nearly constant over one working ***,the life of grease lubrication under a transient condition is far below that under steady‐state ***,it is also found that by selecting a smaller stroke length,the thickener fiber spreads out in the contact instead of being removed from the contact at the 1,000th working *** increasing the maximum entraining speed of the reciprocating motion to a certain value,during which the thickener fiber is not expected to accumulate under a steady‐state condition,severe starvation occurs very quickly,causing surface damage.

关键词： grease lubrication reciprocation pure rolling grease starvation thickener fiber