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Three Novel Avastroviruses Identified in Dead Wild Crows

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Virologica Sinica 2021年第6期36卷 1673-1677页

作者： Chunge Zhang Yongchun Yang Tao Hu Hong Zhou Cheng Zhang Jian Cao Juan Li Peihan Wang gary Wong Xiaodu Wang Houhui Song George FGao Weifeng Shi Yuhai bi Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province College of Animal Science and Technology and College of Veterinary Medicine of ZhejiangA&F UniversityLin'an 311300China CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology Institute of MicrobiologyCenter for Influenza Research and Early-Warning(CASCIRE)CAS-TWAS Center of Excellence for Emerging Infectious Diseases(CEEID)Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Universities of Shandong School of Public HealthShandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesTaian 271016China Institut Pasteur of Shanghai Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China Département de microbiologie-infectiologie et d'immunologie UniversitéLavalQuébec City G1V 0A6Canada University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Dear Editor,Astroviruses(AstVs)are non-enveloped,single-stranded RNA viruses with a diameter of approximately 35 nm(Madeley and Cosgrove 1975).The genomes of AstVs range in size from 6.8 to 7.9 kb(De benedictis et al.2011),consisting of a 5'-untranslated region(UTR),three open reading frames(ORFs),a 3'-UTR,and a poly-adenylated(polyA)tail(Pantin-Jackwood et al.2006).In 1975,AstVs were first discovered in faeces of infants(Madeley and Cosgrove 1975).Until now,a variety of animal species,including cows,sheep,pigs,dogs,deer,rats,bats,chickens,ducks,turkeys,sea lions and seals have been reported to be infected with AstVs(Tzipori et al.1981;Cattoli et al.2007;Chu et al.2008,2010;Atkins et al.2009;Toffan et al.2009;Rivera et al.2010;Guix et al.2013;Kang et al.2012;Reuter et al.2012a,2012b;Li et al.2021).Currently,AstVs comprise two genera,Mamastrovirus(MAstV)and Avastrovirus(AAstV).Herein,we describe three novel AAstVs identified from dead crow *** our knowledge,this is the first report for identification of AstVs in crows.

关键词： viruses frames sheep

Comparison of Multimodality Image-based Volumes in Preclinical Tumor Models Using <i>In-Air</i>Micro-CT Image Volume as Reference Tumor Volume

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Open Journal of Medical Imaging 2015年第3期5卷 117-132页

作者： Yongsook C. Lee gary D. Fullerton beth A. Goins Department of Radiation Oncology University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City Kansas USA Department of Radiology University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio San Antonio Texas USA

Purpose: Changes in tumor volume are used for therapy response monitoring in preclinical studies. Unlike prior studies, this article introduces in-air micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) image volume as reference tumor volume in rodent tumor models. Tumor volumes determined using imaging modalities such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), micro-CT and ultrasound (US), and with an external caliper are compared with the reference tumor volume. Materials and Methods: In vivo MR, US and micro-CT imaging was performed 4, 6, 9, 11 and 13 days after tumor cell inoculation into nude rats. On the day of the imaging study, in vivo caliper measurements were also made. After in vivo imaging, tumors were excised followed by in-air micro-CT imaging and ex vivo caliper measurements of excised tumors. The in-air micro-CT image volume of excised tumors was determined as reference tumor volume. Then tumor volumes were calculated using formula V = (π/6) × a × b × c, where a, b and c are maximum diameters in three perpendicular dimensions determined by the three image modalities and caliper, and compared with reference tumor volume by linear regression analysis as well as bland-Altman plots. Results: The correlation coefficients (R2) of the regression lines for in vivo tumor volumes measured by the three imaging modalities were 0.9939, 0.9669 and 0.9806 for MRI, US and micro-CT respectively. For caliper measurements, the coefficients were 0.9274 and 0.9819 for caliperin vivo and caliperex vivo respectively. In bland-Altman plots, the average of tumor volume difference from reference tumor volume (bias) was significant for caliper and micro-CT, but not for MRI and US. Conclusion: Using the in-air micro-CT image volume as reference tumor volume, tumor volume measured by MRI was the most accurate among the three imaging modalities. In vivo caliper volume measurements showed unreliability while ex vivo caliper measurements reduced errors.

关键词： In-Air Micro-CT Magnetic Resonance Imaging Ultrasound Caliper Tumor Volume Measurements

Genetic and Phylogenetic Characterization of a Chikungunya Virus Imported into Shenzhen, China

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Virologica Sinica 2020年第1期35卷 115-119页

作者： Yang Yang Zhixiang Xu Haixia Zheng Jingdong Song Ying Wu Zhou Tong Jing Yuan gary Wong William J.Liu Yuhai bi Yingxia Liu George F.Gao Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity Guangdong Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Emerging Infectious DiseasesState Key Discipline of Infectious DiseaseSecond Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen Third People’s HospitalShenzhen 518112China CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseaseInstitute of MicrobiologyCenter for Influenza Research and Earlywarning(CASCIRE)Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention(China CDC)Beijing 102206China Institute of Medical Virology School of Basic Medical SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China Institut Pasteur of Shanghai Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China Département de Microbiologie-Infectiologie et d’Immunologie Universite′LavalQuebec G1V 0A6Canada University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Medical School Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101408China

Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus(CHIKV)is a mosquito-borne virus belonging to the family Togaviridae,genus Alphavirus,and was first isolated in Tanzania in the 1950s(Silva and Dermody 2017;Weaver and Lecuit 2015).Human infections with CHIKV typically result in a rapid-onset febrile disease,with symptoms that include fever,headache,rash,severe joint and muscle pain,as well as prolonged periods of disability in some patients(Weaver and Lecuit 2015;Silva and Dermody 2017).

关键词： Chi headache febrile

Continuing Results for Effervescent Aerosol Salt Water Spray Nozzles Intended for Marine Cloud brightening

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International Journal of Geosciences 2020年第9期11卷 563-589页

作者： Jack Foster gary Cooper Lee Galbrath Sudhanshu Jain Robert Ormond Armand Neukermans Climate Crises Volunteers Sunnyvale CA USA Presently volunteering at Parc Xeros Company Palo Alto CA USA

Marine Cloud brightening (MCb) by effervescent spray atomization of mixed sea water brine with air is a candidate for solar radiation management to compensate for global warming. We discovered that the flow from mixing tee nozzle described earlier had occasional unstable slug flow. A new design that adding rotational swirl to the salt brine as it is mixed into the air stabilized the nozzle flow and no longer showed slug flow in spray pictures. Flow equations were developed for the relatively low speed of sound of a choked flow mixed brine and air nozzle. Experimental mixed flow measurements with 300b pressure and a 200 μm diameter nozzle and calculations using perfect gas, and isotropic processes equations compared well with the chocked flow equations. Analysis in EXCEL of particle sizers measurements from both a scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS) and an aerodynamic particle sizer (APS) showed production of many nanometer sized particles estimated as usable for MCb. A small number of micron sized particles were also always present but with about 90% of the sprayed mass. This is a first report with good data over the complete size range. The micron sized particles measured were similar to the measurements of earlier reports which reported no nanometer sized particles. We hypothesize that many nano-particles are always produced by liquid-air effervescent sprays, but earlier, were not observed because SMPS instruments were not available. The presence of the large mass percentage of large particles in the spray may cause problems by evaporative cooling preventing the rise of the MCb particles. We suggest future systems design with an impactor filter to remove the large particles. Calculations combining increased brine concentration, lower pressure, and larger nozzle area showed that significant reductions in required power and number of nozzles could be realized. An EXCEL model is developed to calculate flow from experimental analysis equations and compare with mix

关键词： Marine Cloud brightening Global Warming Effervescent Spray Nozzles Salt Nano-Particles

Flexible Diodes/Transistors based on Tunable p-n-Type Semiconductivity in Graphene/Mn-Co-Ni-O Nanocomposites

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Research 2021年第1期2021卷 986-993页

作者： Lihong Su Zhou Yang Xitong Wang Ziao Zou bo Wang gary Hodes Ninghui Chang Yongyong Suo Zhibo Ma Haoxu Wang Yucheng Liu Junping Zhang Shuanhu Wang Yuefei Li Fengxia Yang Jixin Zhu Fei Gao Wei Huang Shengzhong Liu School of Chemistry and Chemical-Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an710129 ShaanxiChina Dongguan Sanhang Civil-Military Integration Innovation Institute Dongguan52300 GuangdongChina Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of EducationShaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy DevicesShaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy TechnologyInstitute for Advanced Energy MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi’an 710119China School of Aeronautics Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an710072 ShaanxiChina Department of Materials and Interfaces Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot 76100Israel Key Lab of Micro/Nano Systems for Aerospace Ministry of EducationNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an710129 ShaanxiChina University of Queensland Australian Institute for Bioengineering&NanotechnologyNanomaterials CentreSt.LuciaQldAustralia School of Physical Science and Technology Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an710129 ShaanxiChina Institute of Flexible Electronics Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an710129 ShaanxiChina

We report a novel Mn-Co-Ni-O(MCN)nanocomposite in which the p-type semiconductivity of Mn-Co-Ni-O can be manipulated by addition of *** an increase of graphene content,the semiconductivity of the nanocomposite can be tuned from p-type through electrically neutral to *** very low effective mass of electrons in graphene facilitates electron tunneling into the MCN,neutralizing holes in the MCN *** analysis shows that the multivalent manganese ions in the MCN nanoparticles are chemically reduced by the graphene electrons to lower-valent *** traditional semiconductor devices,electrons are excited from the filled graphite band into the empty band at the Dirac points from where they move freely in the graphene and tunnel into the *** new composite film demonstrates inherent flexibility,high mobility,short carrier lifetime,and high carrier *** work is useful not only in manufacturing flexible transistors,FETs,and thermosensitive and thermoelectric devices with unique properties but also in providing a new method for future development of 2D-based semiconductors.

关键词： neutral conductivity lifetime

Multi-national observational study to assess quality of life and treatment preferences in patients with Crohn’s perianal fistulas

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2023年第11期15卷 2537-2552页

作者： Chitra Karki Amod Athavale Vijay Abilash gary Hantsbarger Parnia Geransar Kate Lee Slobodan Milicevic Marko Perovic Leanne Raven Magdalena Sajak-Szczerba Abigail Silber Annabelle Yoon Phil Tozer Global Evidence and Outcomes-Gastroenterology Takeda Pharmaceuticals United StatesIncCambridgeMA 02139United States Trinity Partners LLCWalthamMA 02451-7528United States Observational Research Takeda Pharmaceuticals United StatesIncCambridgeMA 02139United States Medical Affairs Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co.Opfikon 8152ZurichSwitzerland Research and Patient Programs Crohn’s and Colitis Canada600-60 St.Clair Avenue EastToronto M4T 1N5OntarioCanada Treasurer European Federation of Crohn’s&Ulcerative Colitis AssociationsBrussels B 1000Belgium Crohn’s and Colitis Australia Camberwell SouthVIC 3124Australia European Federation of Crohn’s&Ulcerative Colitis Associations Brussels B 1000Belgium Japan Medical Office Takeda Pharmaceutical Company LimitedTokyo 103-8668Japan Department of Colorectal Surgery St Mark’s Hospital and Academic InstituteLondon HA13UJUnited Kingdom

bACKGROUND Patients with Crohn’s disease(CD)are at risk of developing complications such as perianal *** with Crohn’s perianal fistulas(CPF)are affected by fecal incontinence(FI),bleeding,pain,swelling,and purulent perianal discharge,and METHODS This cross-sectional observational study was conducted in patients with CD aged 21-90 years via a web-enabled questionnaire in seven countries(April-August 2021).Patients were recruited into three cohorts:Cohort 1 included patients without perianal fistulas;cohort 2 included patients with perianal fistulas without fistula-related surgery;and cohort 3 included patients with perianal fistulas and fistula-related *** patient-reported outcome measures were used to assess quality of *** of treatment preferences were measured using a discrete choice experiment(DCE).RESULTS In total,929 patients were recruited(cohort 1,n=620;cohort 2,n=174;cohort 3,n=135).Short Inflammatory bowel Disease Questionnaire scores were worse for patients with CPF(cohorts 2 and 3)than for those with CD without CPF(cohort 1):Mean score 3.8 and 3.7 vs 4.1,respectively,(Pbutes influencing treatment choice:Mean relative importance 35.7 and 24.7,*** The burden of illness in CD is significantly higher for patients with CPF and patients rate lower postoperative discomfort and higher healing rates as the most desirable treatment attributes.

关键词： burden of illness Crohn’s disease Discrete choice experiment Perianal fistulas Patient-reported outcomes Treatment preferences

First report of a novel abluminal groove filled biodegradable polymer rapamycin-eluting stent in de novo coronary artery disease： results of the first in man FIREHAWK trial

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Chinese Medical Journal 2012年第6期125卷 970-976页

作者： QIAN Jie XU bo Alexandra J. Lansky YANG Yue-jin QIAO Shu-bin WU Yong-jian CHEN Jue HU Feng-huan YANG Wei-xian gary S. Mintz Martin b. Leon GAO Run-lin Department of Cardiology Cardiovascular Institute and Fu Wai Hospital Chinese Academy Of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100037 China Catheterization Laboratory Cardiovascular Institute and Fu Wai Hospital Chinese Academy Of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100037 China Yale University School of Medicine New Haven CT USA Cardiovascular Research Foundation New York NY USA Columbia University Medical Center New York NY USA

background Durable polymers used for first-generation drug-eluting stents （DES） potentially contribute to persistent inflammation and late DES thrombosis. We report the first in human experience with the rapamycin-eluting biodegradable polymer coated cobalt-chromium FIREHAWK stent with abluminal groove. Methods A total of 21 patients with stable or unstable angina, or prior myocardial infarction, with single de novo native coronary stenoses 〈30 mm in length in vessel sizes ranging from 2.25 to 4.0 mm were enrolled. The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiac events （MACE） at 30 days defined as the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction （Q and non-Q）, or ischemia-driven target lesion revascularization. Secondary endpoints include device, lesion, and clinical success rates, 4-month in-stent late lumen loss by quantitative coronary angiography （QCA）, proportion of uncovered or malapposed stent struts by optical coherence tomograpphy （OCT） at 4 months, and MACE at 4, 12, 24 and 36-month follow-up. Results Device success was 95.7%, lesion and clinical success was 100.0%. There were no MACE events at 30 days. One patient died of non-cardiac hemorrhagic stroke 5 days after index procedure. At 4 months, in-stent late loss was （0.13±0.18） mm, and complete strut coverage was 96.2% by OCT with 0.1% strut malapposition. At 4-month follow-up there was no additional MACE events, and a single target vessel （non-target lesion） revascularization. Conclusions The FIREHAWK abluminal groove biodegradable polymer rapamycin-eluting stent demonstrated feasibility, safety and efficacy in this first in human experience. OCT findings indicated excellent stent strut coverage 4 months after implantation. Larger studies are required to confirm whether the early FIREHAWK stent results translate into longer term restenosis and thrombosis benefits.

关键词： rapamycin-eluting stent first-in-man study optical coherence tomography coronary artery disease

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Photoshop 7绘图奥秘 G

Luteolin， a common flavone in vegetables， acts as a hormetin possessing neurotrophic function: signaling mediated by inducing mitochondrial stress

2003年

作者：（美）gary David bouton等黄慧萍田丽韫等译

全书分九章。介绍了Photoshop 7的基础知识、核心概念、基本工具的使用以及高级技巧，还通过实例说明了Photoshop 7在摄影、艺术创作、制作网页、修复照片等多方面的实际应用。

ISBN: (纸本)750538984X

关键词：图象处理应用软件

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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畅想之星图书光盘版（南通市图书馆镜像）

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Alex Xiong Gao Tracy Chenxi Xia Maggie Suisui Guo gary Kawing Yuen Kevin Qiyun Wu Tina Tingxia Dong Karl Wah-Keung Tsim Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine， The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal bioresources， HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute

This study aims to uncover the hormetic process of luteolin， a common dietary flavone， in neuronal cells through its role in inducing mitochondrial stress. In rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells， luteolin at low concentrations caused a mild and reversible loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP)， while high concentrations of luteolin triggered intense and sustained depolarization of MMP. The MMP disturbance was shown to have a close association with the trophic and/or toxic effects triggered by luteolin; because the common mitochondrial uncouplers shared similar bi-phase dose-response on cell viability， as that of luteolin. Along with the induced MMP pertubation， luteolin triggered the development of autophagy and mitophagy， as determined by mCherry-GFP-LC3b tandem protein， and by the co-localization of mitochondrial/lysosomal staining. Subsequent application of autophagy inhibitors in the cultures blocked the luteolin-induced neurotrophic activities and sensitized the cells to be less resistant to luteolin-mediated cytotoxicity. Other flavonoids also displayed similar properties in the cultures， indicating that these compounds act as hormetic pharmacological inducers that stimulate cells to become more resilient and adapt to threats. This study provides a unifying mechanistic explanation for the neuro-beneficial effects of luteolin and other flavonoids.

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