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美国哥伦比亚河下游及河口地区基于生态系统的湿地保护与恢复工作——哥伦比亚河口生态系统恢复工程

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重庆师范大学学报（自然科学版） 2012年第3期29卷 8-15,94-103,I0006页

作者： gary e.johnson Blaine D.eBBeRTS Ben D.ZeLINSKY 西北太平洋国家实验室海洋科学实验室波特兰俄勒冈州美国97204 美国陆军工程师兵团波特兰俄勒冈美国97204 博纳维尔电力管理局波特兰俄勒冈美国97208

美国西北太平洋地区进行的哥伦比亚河河口生态系统恢复项目可以为中国三峡库区消落带的友好型利用的研究和开发活动提供借鉴经验,该项目提出了基于生态系统的理论与方法降低联邦哥伦比亚河电力系统开发活动带来的环境影响,并开展哥伦比... 详细信息

美国西北太平洋地区进行的哥伦比亚河河口生态系统恢复项目可以为中国三峡库区消落带的友好型利用的研究和开发活动提供借鉴经验,该项目提出了基于生态系统的理论与方法降低联邦哥伦比亚河电力系统开发活动带来的环境影响,并开展哥伦比亚河下游及河口地区的生态系统研究、保护与恢复工作。哥伦比亚河流域的农业、工业以及水利开发等人类活动给哥伦比亚河下游至河口地区长达235 km的河口湿地区域以及区域内80%的潮感淡水水系带来了严重影响,表现在食物网的破坏,大型碎屑物流的减少以及供三文鱼育幼及避难的栖息地破坏等方面。恢复项目主要包括5个方面的目标:1)理解影响生态系统的主要控制因素,比如水利工程对湿地生态系统的影响;2)保护和恢复影响生态系统结构和功能的因素,比如重建湿地区域与主航道的连通性;3)增加生态系统结构的稳定性,比如清除入侵物种以及恢复受威胁的盐沼湿地;4)维护和增强系统过程,比如重建食物网;5)增强鲑鱼的生态系统功能,比如增加生活史多样性,提高孵化率、增长率和成活率。为了达到以上目标,CeeRP实施了一项适应性管理的一系列工程项目。本文介绍了适应性管理的一个年度中5个循环阶段:即制定战略、决策、行动、监测/研究以及评估。本文结尾处对三峡库区的生态保护和恢复工作提出了一些可供借鉴的经验。

关键词：基于生态系统湿地恢复水文重建适应性管理哥伦比亚河下游及河口

A Bayesian Mixture Model Approach to Disparity Testing

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Applied Mathematics 2024年第3期15卷 214-234页

作者： gary C. McDonald Department of Mathematics and Statistics Oakland University Rochester USA

The topic of this article is one-sided hypothesis testing for disparity, i.e., the mean of one group is larger than that of another when there is uncertainty as to which group a datum is drawn. For each datum, the uncertainty is captured with a given discrete probability distribution over the groups. Such situations arise, for example, in the use of Bayesian imputation methods to assess race and ethnicity disparities with certain insurance, health, and financial data. A widely used method to implement this assessment is the Bayesian Improved Surname Geocoding (BISG) method which assigns a discrete probability over six race/ethnicity groups to an individual given the individual’s surname and address location. Using a Bayesian framework and Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampling from the joint posterior distribution of the group means, the probability of a disparity hypothesis is estimated. Four methods are developed and compared with an illustrative data set. Three of these methods are implemented in an R-code and one method in WinBUGS. These methods are programed for any number of groups between two and six inclusive. All the codes are provided in the appendices.

关键词： Bayesian Improved Surname and Geocoding (BISG) Mixture Likelihood Function Posterior Distribution Metropolis-Hastings Algorithms Random Walk Chain Independence Chain Gibbs Sampling WinBUGS

Comparison of Block Design Nonparametric Subset Selection Rules Based on Alternative Scoring Rules

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维普期刊数据库

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Applied Mathematics 2024年第5期15卷 355-389页

作者： gary C. McDonald Sajidah Alsaeed Department of Mathematics and Statistics Oakland University Rochester MI USA

This article compares the size of selected subsets using nonparametric subset selection rules with two different scoring rules for the observations. The scoring rules are based on the expected values of order statistics of the uniform distribution (yielding rank values) and of the normal distribution (yielding normal score values). The comparison is made using state motor vehicle traffic fatality rates, published in a 2016 article, with fifty-one states (including DC as a state) and over a nineteen-year period (1994 through 2012). The earlier study considered four block design selection rules—two for choosing a subset to contain the “best” population (i.e., state with lowest mean fatality rate) and two for the “worst” population (i.e., highest mean rate) with a probability of correct selection chosen to be 0.90. Two selection rules based on normal scores resulted in selected subset sizes substantially smaller than corresponding rules based on ranks (7 vs. 16 and 3 vs. 12). For two other selection rules, the subsets chosen were very close in size (within one). A comparison is also made using state homicide rates, published in a 2022 article, with fifty states and covering eight years. The results are qualitatively the same as those obtained with the motor vehicle traffic fatality rates.

关键词： Order Statistics Rank Scoring Methods Probability of a Correct Selection Subset Size Motor Vehicle Traffic Fatality Rates Homicide Rates Asymptotic Distributions

On Performance Characteristics of a Nonparametric Subset Selection Procedure with a Small Randomized Block experimental Design

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Applied Mathematics 2024年第9期15卷 630-650页

作者： gary C. McDonald Sajidah Alsaeed Department of Mathematics and Statistics Oakland University Rochester MI USA

This article addresses the issue of computing the constant required to implement a specific nonparametric subset selection procedure based on ranks of data arising in a statistical randomized block experimental design. A model of three populations and two blocks is used to compute the probability distribution of the relevant statistic, the maximum of the population rank sums minus the rank sum of the “best” population. Calculations are done for populations following a normal distribution, and for populations following a bi-uniform distribution. The least favorable configuration in these cases is shown to arise when all three populations follow identical distributions. The bi-uniform distribution leads to an asymptotic counterexample to the conjecture that the least favorable configuration, i.e., that configuration minimizing the probability of a correct selection, occurs when all populations are identically distributed. These results are consistent with other large-scale simulation studies. All relevant computational R-codes are provided in appendices.

关键词： Rank Statistics Least Favorable Configuration Probability of Correct Selection Slippage Configuration equal Spaced Configuration Counterexample Configuration

Association between balloon atrial septostomy and prostaglandin e1 therapy until repair of transposition of the great arteries in neonates

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Pediatric Investigation 2024年第2期8卷 135-138页

作者： Samantha Gilg Sebastian Acosta Rohit S.Loomba Claire Rizk gary e.Stapleton David Faraoni Fabio Savorgnan Department of Pediatrics Divisions of Critical Care Medicine and CardiologyTexas Children’s Hospital and Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTexasUSA Department of Pediatrics Division of CardiologyTexas Children’s Hospital and Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTexasUSA Department of Pediatrics The Heart InstituteAdvocate Children’s HospitalChicago Medical School and Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and ScienceOak LawnIllinoisUSA Department of Anesthesiology Arthur S.Keats Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular AnesthesiaPerioperative and Pain MedicineTexas Children’s HospitalBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTexasUSA

The standard of care in the management of d-transposition of the great arteries(TGA)includes the arterial switch operation(ASO).1,2 Although some institutions have begun to publish the results of performing the ASO within the first few hours of life,most centers continue to"electively"delay ASO for several days to allow for a reduction in pulmonary vascular resistance and the stabilization of renal and liver function.1,2 The early initiation of prostaglandin e1(PGe)infusion to maintain ductal patency is a nearly universal component of therapy in order to maintain adequate arterial oxygen saturation and systemic oxygen delivery during the pre-operative period via intercirculatory mixing at the atrial septal and patent ductus arteriosus levels1,3.

关键词： balloon maintain stabilization

Regulation of cell adhesion in the testis： a new role for p73

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2014年第6期16卷 799-800页

作者： Helen e Abud gary R Hime Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology Monash University Clayton VIC 3800 Australia Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience University of Melbourne Parkville VIC 3010Australia.

The dramatic changes that male germ cells in the adult testis undergo in gene expression profile and morphology as they transition from spermatogonial stem cells through to mature spermatozoa is dependent upon their association with Sertoli cells. Sertoli cells are crucial for survival and maturation of male germ cells. Two recent papers, Holembowski et al？ and Inoue et a13 have described a surprising role for the p53 family member, p73, in regulation of germ cell-Sertoli cell adhesion.

关键词： TUMOR-SUPPReSSOR P63 SPeRMATOGeNeSIS TAP73 DeATH P53

Recovery rates of persistent post-COVID-19 olfactory dysfunction using psychophysical assessment:A longitudinal cohort study

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第2期10卷 79-87页

作者： Jeremy P.Tervo Patricia T.Jacobson Brandon J.Vilarello Tiana M.Saak Francesco F.Caruana Liam W.Gallagher Joseph B.gary David A.Gudis Paule V.Joseph D.P.Devanand Terry e.Goldberg Jonathan B.Overdevest Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons New YorkNew YorkUSA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Section of Sensory Science and Metabolism&National Institute of Nursing ResearchBethesdaMarylandUSA New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center New YorkNew YorkUSA

Objectives:Persistent olfactory dysfunction(OD)following loss of smell associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection is a major feature of long *** on the prevalence of persistent OD predominantly rely on self-reported olfactory *** studies have tracked longitudinal rates of recovery using psychophysical assessment among patients presenting for evaluation of persistent OD beyond a window of acute *** anchored in standardized testing methods are needed to counsel patients who fail to acutely regain their sense of *** study aims to quantify the degree of persistent OD in post-COVID-19 patients who experience subjective and psychophysical ***:We grouped participants presenting for OD evaluation into cohorts based on both subjective and psychophysical olfactory status at a baseline assessment and assessed their olfactory abilities with a visual analogue scale and the Sniffin'Sticks extended test at baseline and 1-year time *** had confirmed a history of COVID-19 by lab evaluation or clinical diagnosis if lab evaluation was not ***:Baseline olfactory evaluation was completed by 122 participants,53 of whom completed the 1-year follow-up *** participants presenting with perceived OD,74.5%had confirmed psychophysical OD at baseline,with 55.1%at 1-year *** had reliable trends in self-rated versus psychophysically tested olfactory function at both time *** total threshold,discrimination,and identification(TDI)score improved by+3.25 points in the cohort with psychophysical OD(p=0.0005),with this improvement largely attributable to an increase in median threshold scores(+2.75 points;p=0.0004).Conclusions:OD persists in a significant number of patients who fail to acutely recovery their sense of smell after COVID-19,with many demonstrating lingering deficits at *** in threshold,but not discrimination or identification,most significantly mediate improvement

关键词： long COVID olfaction post-COVID condition smell dysfunction

Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2010年第1期53卷 58-67页

作者： gary e.PICKARD Patricia J.SOLLARS School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Nebraska

A new mammalian photoreceptor was recently discovered to reside in the ganglion cell layer of the inner *** intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells(ipRGCs) express a photopigment,melanopsin,that confers upon them the ability to respond to light in the absence of all rod and cone photoreceptor *** relatively few in number,ipRGCs extend their dendrites across large expanses of the retina making them ideally suited to function as irradiance detectors to assess changes in ambient light *** in ipRGCs appears to be mediated by transient receptor potential channels more closely resembling the phototransduction cascade of invertebrate rather than vertebrate *** convey irradiance information centrally via the optic nerve to influence several *** are the primary retinal input to the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus(SCN),a circadian oscillator and biological clock,and this input entrains the SCN to the day/night *** contribute irradiance signals that regulate pupil size and they also provide signals that interface with the autonomic nervous system to regulate rhythmic gene activity in major organs of the *** also provide excitatory drive to dopaminergic amacrine cells in the retina,providing a novel basis for the restructuring of retinal circuits by *** we review the ground-breaking discoveries,current progress and directions for future investigation.

关键词： melanopsin circadian rhythms suprachiasmatic nucleus retina pupillary light reflex

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2005年第8期47卷 988-997页

作者： Jie CHeN gary e HARMAN Afio COMIS Gen-Wu CHeNG School of Agriculture and Biology Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai 201101 China Department of Horticultural Science Cornell University New York State Agricultural Experiment Station Geneva NY 14456 USA College of Plant Protection Shenyang Agricultural University Shenyang 110161 China

Induced resistance has been evidenced as one of mechanisms of Trichoderma to control plant diseases, however, no study showed the change of host proteomics in Trichoderma-induced resistance of maize against damping-off caused by Pythium ultimum Trow. The mechanism of Trichoderma harzianum Rifai for controlling maize seedling disease caused by Pythium ultimum Trow was investigated firstly by proteome technique and the result suggested that T. harzianum strain T22 was not only able to promote seedling growth but also protein accumulation. One-dimensional electrophoresis assay showed that more bands appeared on the gel with T22 or T22 combined with P. ultimum （T22 ＋ P. ultimum） treatment than with other treatments. enzyme assay showed that two chitinases of the root sample were more activated in the treatments with T22 than in the other treatments without T22. Proteins in the seedling roots from the various treatments were separated through protein extraction and 2-D electrophoresis technique. In the seedlings produced from the T22-treated seeds, there were 104 up-regulated proteins and 164 down-regulated proteins relative to the control, and 97 and 150, respectively, aftel treatment with T22 ＋ P. ultimum; however, with P. ultimum alone the values were much lower than with the other two treatments. The correlation coefficient values were 0.72, 0.51 and 0.49 for the comparison of protein spot distribution on gel among control with T22, P. ultimum and T22 ＋ P. ultimum, respectively. So it seemed that P. ultimum infection was more effective than T22 in interfering with the host proteome profile. Furthermore, analysis with MALDITOF-MAS showed that some important proteins associated with defensive reactions were identified in T22 or T22 ＋ P. ultimum treatments, including endochitinase, pathogenesis-related protein PRMS （pathogenesis-related maize seed）, GTP-binding protein, isoflavone reductase and other proteins related to respiration. All those proteins are probably part

关键词： maize inbred proteome Pythium ultimum Trow Trichoderma harzianum