Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells

作     者：Gary E.PICKARD Patricia J.SOLLARS 

作者机构：School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Nebraska 

出 版 物：《Science China(Life Sciences)》 (中国科学（生命科学英文版）)

年 卷 期：2010年第53卷第1期

页      面：58-67页

核心收录：

学科分类：0710[理学-生物学] 0830[工学-环境科学与工程（可授工学、理学、农学学位）] 07[理学] 071006[理学-神经生物学] 

基　　金：supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health, the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke R01 NS035615 the National Eye Institute R01 EY017809 

主　　题：melanopsin circadian rhythms suprachiasmatic nucleus retina pupillary light reflex 

摘      要：A new mammalian photoreceptor was recently discovered to reside in the ganglion cell layer of the inner *** intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells(ipRGCs) express a photopigment,melanopsin,that confers upon them the ability to respond to light in the absence of all rod and cone photoreceptor *** relatively few in number,ipRGCs extend their dendrites across large expanses of the retina making them ideally suited to function as irradiance detectors to assess changes in ambient light *** in ipRGCs appears to be mediated by transient receptor potential channels more closely resembling the phototransduction cascade of invertebrate rather than vertebrate *** convey irradiance information centrally via the optic nerve to influence several *** are the primary retinal input to the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus(SCN),a circadian oscillator and biological clock,and this input entrains the SCN to the day/night *** contribute irradiance signals that regulate pupil size and they also provide signals that interface with the autonomic nervous system to regulate rhythmic gene activity in major organs of the *** also provide excitatory drive to dopaminergic amacrine cells in the retina,providing a novel basis for the restructuring of retinal circuits by *** we review the ground-breaking discoveries,current progress and directions for future investigation.