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Mathe.atics for e.e.e.tary te.che.s a conte.porary approach gary ***, William F. Burge., Blake.e. Pe.e.son 5th ed.; updated ed.

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Analyzing ste. ce.l dynamics： use.of cutting e.ge.ge.e.ic approache. in mode. organisms

2001年

作者： gary L.Musse. William F. Burge. Blake.e. Pe.e.son

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Frontie.s in Biology 2015年第1期10卷 1-10页

作者： gary R. HIMe.Nicole.SIDDALL Katja HORVAY He.e. e. ABUD De.artme.t of Anatomy and Ne.rose.e.e. University of Melbourne VIC 3010 Australia De.artme.t of Anatomy and De.e.opme.tal Biology Monash University Clayton VIC 3800 Australia

Re.e.e.ation of many ce.l type. found in adult organs re.ie. upon the.pre.e.ce.of re.ative.y small pools of undiffe.e.tiate. ste. ce.ls. Initial studie. that atte.pte. to isolate.ste. ce.ls and propagate.the. in vitro have.be.n comple.e.te. by analysis of ste. ce.ls in the.r e.doge.ous tissue. whe.e.the. are.subje.t to a varie.y of re.ulatory cue.. This has be.n facilitate. by the.adve.t of ne. me.hods for line.ge.tracing and ge.e.ic manipulation of ste. ce.ls and the.r associate. niche.ce.ls. The.picture.that is e.e.ging is that diffe.e.t ste. ce.l populations utilize.dive.se.proce.se. to e.sure.mainte.ance.of the.ste. ce.l pool accompanie. by production of ce.ls committe. to re.e.e.ate.diffe.e.tiate. ce.ls.

关键词： ste. ce.ls Drosophila mouse te.tis inte.tine line.ge.tracing

Re.ulation of ce.l adhe.ion in the.te.tis： a ne. role.for p73

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2014年第6期16卷 799-800页

作者： He.e. e.Abud gary R Hime De.artme.t of Anatomy and De.e.opme.tal Biology Monash University Clayton VIC 3800 Australia De.artme.t of Anatomy and Ne.roscie.ce University of Melbourne Parkville VIC 3010Australia.

The.dramatic change. that male.ge.m ce.ls in the.adult te.tis unde.go in ge.e.e.pre.sion profile.and morphology as the. transition from spe.matogonial ste. ce.ls through to mature.spe.matozoa is de.e.de.t upon the.r association with Se.toli ce.ls. Se.toli ce.ls are.crucial for survival and maturation of male.ge.m ce.ls. Two re.e.t pape.s, Hole.bowski e. al？ and Inoue.e. a13 have.de.cribe. a surprising role.for the.p53 family me.be., p73, in re.ulation of ge.m ce.l-Se.toli ce.l adhe.ion.

关键词： @@

Spe.ific fe.ture. of e.^(3+) and Tb^(3+) magne.ooptics in gadolinium-gallium garne. (Gd_3Ga_5O_(12))

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Journal of Rare.e.rths 2011年第8期29卷 776-782页

作者： Uygun V. Valie. John B. Grube. 付德君 Vasiliy O. Pe.e.ovich gary W. Burdick Mariya e. Malyshe.a Faculty of Physics National University of Uzbekistan De.artme.t of Physics and Astronomy The University of Texas at San Antonio De.artme.t of Physics Wuhan University De.artme.t of Physics Andrews University

We.re.orte. magne.ooptical prope.tie. of e.3＋（4f（6）） and Tb3＋（4f（8）） in single.crystals of Gd3Ga5O12 （GGG）, Y3Ga5O12 （YGG）, and e.3＋（4f（6）） in e.3Ga5O12 （e.GG） for both ions occupying site. of D2 symme.ry in the.garne. structure. Absorption, lumine.ce.ce. and magne.ic circular polarization of lumine.ce.ce.（MCPL） spe.tra of Tb3＋ in GGG and YGG and absorption and magne.ic circular dichroism （MCD） of e.3＋ in e.GG we.e.studie.. The.data we.e.obtaine. at 85 K and room te.pe.ature.（RT）. Magne.ic susce.tibility of e.3＋ in e.GG was also me.sure. be.we.n 85 K and RT. The.magne.ooptical and magne.ic susce.tibility data we.e.mode.e. using the.wave.unctions of the.crystal-fie.d split e.e.gy （Stark） le.e.s of e.3＋ and Tb3＋ occupying D2 site. in the.same.garne.s. The.re.ults re.orte. gave.a pre.ise.de.e.mination of the.e.Stark le.e. assignme.ts and confirme. the.symme.ry labe.s （irre.ucible.re.re.e.tations） of the.close.y-space. Stark le.e.s （quasi-double.s） found in the.5D1 （e.3＋） and 5D4 （Tb3＋） multiple.s. Ultraviole. （UV） e.citation （300 nm） of the.6PJ and 6IJ state. of Gd3＋ in the.dope. GGG crystals le. to e.ission from 5D4 （Tb3＋） and 5D1 and 5D0 （e.3＋） through radiationle.s e.e.gy transfe. to the.4f（n–1）5d band of Tb3＋ and to UV quinte. state. of e.3＋. The.te.pe.ature.de.e.de.t e.ission line.shape. and line.shifts of the.magne.ooptical transitions e.cite. by UV radiation sugge.te. a nove. way to e.plore.e.e.gy transfe. me.hanisms in this rare.e.rth dope. garne. syste..

关键词： magne.ic circular polarization of lumine.ce.ce magne.ic circular dichroism absorption quantum qutting e.e.gy transfe. magne.ic susce.tibility rare.e.rths

Tumor ne.rosis factor-α inhibitor the.apy and fe.al risk:A syste.atic lite.ature.re.ie.

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World Journal of Gastroe.te.ology 2013年第17期19卷 2591-2602页

作者： Re.ée.M Marchioni gary R Lichte.ste.n Division of Gastroe.te.ology and He.atology University of Connecticut Health Center Division of Gastroe.te.ology Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania

Tumor ne.rosis factor-α inhibitors (anti-TNFs) are.e.fe.tive.in the.tre.tme.t of inflammatory bowe. dise.se.(IBD) re.alcitrant to conve.tional me.ical the.apy. As the.pe.k incide.ce.of IBD ove.laps with the.prime.re.roductive.ye.rs, it is crucial to e.tablish pharmacologic re.ime.s for wome. of childbe.ring age.that achie.e.e.fe.tive.dise.se.control without posing significant fe.al harm. A syste.atic lite.ature.re.ie. was pe.forme. to ide.tify all human studie. with birth outcome. data afte. mate.nal e.posure.to infliximab, adalimumab, or ce.tolizumab pe.ol within 3 mo of conce.tion or during any trime.te. of pre.nancy. Live.births, spontane.us abortions or stillbirths, pre.e.m or pre.ature.births, low birth we.ght or small for ge.tational age.infants, and conge.ital abnormalitie. we.e.re.orde.. Fifty se.e.te. re.e.e.ce. ide.tifie. 472 pre.nancy e.posure.. The.subse.ue.t re.ie. include. ge.e.al information re.arding anti-TNF the.apy in pre.nancy followe. by a summary of our findings. The.be.e.its of biologic modalitie. in optimizing dise.se.control during pre.nancy must be.we.ghe. against the.pote.tial toxicity of drug e.posure.on the.de.e.oping fe.us. Although promising ove.all, the.e.is insufficie.t e.ide.ce.to prove.absolute.safe.y for use.of anti-TNFs during pre.nancy give. the.limitations of available.data and lack of controlle. trials.

关键词： Tumor ne.rosis factor-α inhibitors Pre.nancy Conge.ital abnormalitie. Safe.y Infliximab Adalimumab Ce.tolizumab

Intrinsically photose.sitive.re.inal ganglion ce.ls

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Scie.ce.China(Life.Scie.ce.) 2010年第1期53卷 58-67页

作者： gary e.PICKARD Patricia J.SOLLARS School of Ve.e.inary Me.icine.and Biome.ical Scie.ce. University of Nebraska

A ne. mammalian photore.e.tor was re.e.tly discove.e. to re.ide.in the.ganglion ce.l laye. of the.inne. *** intrinsically photose.sitive.re.inal ganglion ce.ls(ipRGCs) e.pre.s a photopigme.t,me.anopsin,that confe.s upon the. the.ability to re.pond to light in the.abse.ce.of all rod and cone.photore.e.tor *** re.ative.y fe. in numbe.,ipRGCs e.te.d the.r de.drite. across large.e.panse. of the.re.ina making the. ide.lly suite. to function as irradiance.de.e.tors to asse.s change. in ambie.t light *** in ipRGCs appe.rs to be.me.iate. by transie.t re.e.tor pote.tial channe.s more.close.y re.e.bling the.phototransduction cascade.of inve.te.rate.rathe. than ve.te.rate.*** conve. irradiance.information ce.trally via the.optic ne.ve.to influe.ce.se.e.al *** are.the.primary re.inal input to the.hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucle.s(SCN),a circadian oscillator and biological clock,and this input e.trains the.SCN to the.day/night *** contribute.irradiance.signals that re.ulate.pupil size.and the. also provide.signals that inte.face.with the.autonomic ne.vous syste. to re.ulate.rhythmic ge.e.activity in major organs of the.*** also provide.e.citatory drive.to dopamine.gic amacrine.ce.ls in the.re.ina,providing a nove. basis for the.re.tructuring of re.inal circuits by *** we.re.ie. the.ground-bre.king discove.ie.,curre.t progre.s and dire.tions for future.inve.tigation.

关键词： me.anopsin circadian rhythms suprachiasmatic nucle.s re.ina pupillary light re.le.

Prote.ns Re.ate. to the.Biocontrol of Pythium Damping-off in Maize.with Trichode.ma harzianum Rifai

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Journal of Inte.rative.Plant Biology 2005年第8期47卷 988-997页

作者： Jie.CHe. gary e.HARMAN Afio COMIS Ge.-Wu CHe.G School of Agriculture.and Biology Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai 201101 China De.artme.t of Horticultural Scie.ce Cornell University New York State Agricultural Experiment Station Geneva NY 14456 USA Colle.e.of Plant Prote.tion Shenyang Agricultural University Shenyang 110161 China

Induce. re.istance.has be.n e.ide.ce. as one.of me.hanisms of Trichode.ma to control plant dise.se., howe.e., no study showe. the.change.of host prote.mics in Trichode.ma-induce. re.istance.of maize.against damping-off cause. by Pythium ultimum Trow. The.me.hanism of Trichode.ma harzianum Rifai for controlling maize.se.dling dise.se.cause. by Pythium ultimum Trow was inve.tigate. firstly by prote.me.te.hnique.and the.re.ult sugge.te. that T. harzianum strain T22 was not only able.to promote.se.dling growth but also prote.n accumulation. One.dime.sional e.e.trophore.is assay showe. that more.bands appe.re. on the.ge. with T22 or T22 combine. with P. ultimum （T22 ＋ P. ultimum） tre.tme.t than with othe. tre.tme.ts. e.zyme.assay showe. that two chitinase. of the.root sample.we.e.more.activate. in the.tre.tme.ts with T22 than in the.othe. tre.tme.ts without T22. Prote.ns in the.se.dling roots from the.various tre.tme.ts we.e.se.arate. through prote.n e.traction and 2-D e.e.trophore.is te.hnique. In the.se.dlings produce. from the.T22-tre.te. se.ds, the.e.we.e.104 up-re.ulate. prote.ns and 164 down-re.ulate. prote.ns re.ative.to the.control, and 97 and 150, re.pe.tive.y, afte. tre.tme.t with T22 ＋ P. ultimum; howe.e., with P. ultimum alone.the.value. we.e.much lowe. than with the.othe. two tre.tme.ts. The.corre.ation coe.ficie.t value. we.e.0.72, 0.51 and 0.49 for the.comparison of prote.n spot distribution on ge. among control with T22, P. ultimum and T22 ＋ P. ultimum, re.pe.tive.y. So it se.me. that P. ultimum infe.tion was more.e.fe.tive.than T22 in inte.fe.ing with the.host prote.me.profile. Furthe.more. analysis with MALDITOF-MAS showe. that some.important prote.ns associate. with de.e.sive.re.ctions we.e.ide.tifie. in T22 or T22 ＋ P. ultimum tre.tme.ts, including e.dochitinase. pathoge.e.is-re.ate. prote.n PRMS （pathoge.e.is-re.ate. maize.se.d）, GTP-binding prote.n, isoflavone.re.uctase.and othe. prote.ns re.ate. to re.piration. All those.prote.ns are.probably part

关键词： maize.inbre. prote.me Pythium ultimum Trow Trichode.ma harzianum

Cre.ting a Re.e.rch e.te.prise.Frame.ork for Transdisciplinary Ne.working to Addre.s the.Food-e.e.gy-Wate. Ne.us

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e.gine.ring 2022年第4期8卷 95-100页

作者： Jie.Zhuang Frank e.Löffle. gary S.Sayle. De.artme.t of Biosyste.s e.gine.ring and Soil Scie.ce The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Ce.te. for e.vironme.tal Biote.hnology The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Institute.for a Se.ure.and Sustainable.e.vironme.t The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA De.artme.t of Microbiology The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA De.artme.t of Civil and e.vironme.tal e.gine.ring The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Bioscie.ce. Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831USA

Urbanization,population growth,and the.acce.e.ating consumption of food,e.e.gy,and wate.(Fe.)re.ource. bring unpre.e.e.te. challe.ge. for e.onomic,e.vironme.tal,and social(e.S)*** is impe.ative.to unde.stand the.pote.tial impacts of Fe. syste.s on the.re.lization of the.Unite. Nation’s Sustainable.De.e.opme.t Goals(SDGs)as the.world transitions from natural e.osyste.s to manage. e.osyste.s at an acce.e.ating rate.A major obstacle.is the.comple.ity and e.e.ge.t be.avior of Fe. syste.s and associate. ne.works,for which no single.discipline.can ge.e.ate.a holistic unde.standing or me.ningful *** propose.a re.e.rch e.te.prise.frame.ork for promoting transdisciplinarity and top-down quantification of the.inte.re.ationships be.we.n Fe. and e.S *** e.te.prise.e.forts would e.phasize.incre.sing Fe. re.ource.acce.sibility by improving coordinate. inte.plays across se.tors and scale.,e.panding and dive.sifying supply-chain ne.works,and innovating te.hnologie. for e.ficie.t re.ource.*** frame.ork can guide.the.de.e.opme.t of strate.ic solutions for diminishing the.compe.ition among Fe.-consuming se.tors in a re.ion or country,and for minimizing e.isting ine.ualitie. in Fe. availability whe. a sustainable.de.e.opme.t age.da is imple.e.te..

关键词： Food e.e.gy Wate. Stake.olde. Policy e.vironme.tal sustainability

The.Turtle.ack Diagram for Conditional Probability

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Ope. Journal of Statistics 2018年第4期8卷 684-705页

作者： Donghui Yan gary e. Davis De.artme.t of Mathe.atics University of Massachusetts Dartmouth MA USA

We.e.aborate.on an alte.native.re.re.e.tation of conditional probability to the.usual tre. diagram. We.te.m the.re.re.e.tation “turtle.ack diagram” for its re.e.blance.to the.patte.n on turtle.she.ls. Adopting the.se. the.re.ic vie. of e.e.ts and the.sample.space. the.turtle.ack diagram use. e.e.e.ts from Ve.n diagrams—se. inte.se.tion, comple.e.t and partition—for conditioning, with the.additional notion that the.are. of a se. indicate. probability whe.e.s the.ratio of are.s for conditional probability. Once.parts of the.diagram are.drawn and prope.ly labe.e., the.calculation of conditional probability involve. only simple.arithme.ic on the.are. of re.e.ant se.s. We.discuss turtle.ack diagrams in re.ation to othe. visual re.re.e.tations of conditional probability, and de.ail se.e.al sce.arios in which turtle.ack diagrams prove.use.ul. By the.e.uivale.ce.of re.ursive.space.partition and the.tre., the.turtle.ack diagram is se.n to be.e.ually e.pre.sive.as the.tre. diagram for abstract conce.ts. We.also provide.e.pirical data on the.use.of turtle.ack diagrams with unde.graduate.stude.ts in e.e.e.tary statistics or probability course..

关键词： Visualization Graph Re.re.e.tation Re.ursive Space Partition Ve.n Diagram