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Supplementation of vitamin e or a botanical extract as antioxidants to improve growth performance and health of growing pigs housed under thermoneutral or heat-stressed conditions

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1101-1118页

作者： Ysenia V.Silva‑Guillen Consuelo Arellano Jeffrey Wiegert R.Dean Boyd gabriela e.mart.nez eric van Heugten Department of Animal Science North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA Department of Statistics North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA Department of Animal Science Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA Animal Nutrition Research LLCAlvatonKY 42122USA.

Background Heat stress has severe negative consequences on performance and health of pigs,leading to significant economic *** objective of this study was to investigate the effects of supplemental vitamin e and a botanical extract in feed or drinking water on growth performance,intestinal health,and oxidative and immune status in grow-ing pigs housed under heat stress *** Duplicate experiments were conducted,each using 64 crossbred pigs with an initial body weight of 50.7±3.8 and 43.9±3.6 kg and age of 13-week and 12-week,***(n=128)were housed individually and assigned within weight blocks and sex to a 2×4 factorial arrangement consisting of 2 environments(thermo-neutral(21.2℃)or heat-stressed(30.9℃))and 4 supplementation treatments(control diet;control+100 IU/L of D-α-tocopherol in water;control+200 IU/kg of DL-α-tocopheryl-acetate in feed;or control+400 mg/kg of a botanical extract in feed).Results Heat stress for 28 d reduced(P≤0.001)final body weight,average daily gain,and average daily feed intake(-7.4 kg,-26.7%,and-25.4%,respectively)but no effects of supplementation were detected(P>0.05).Serum vitamin e increased(Pe supplementation in water and in feed(1.64 vs.3.59 and 1.64 vs.3.24),but not for the botanical extract(1.64 vs.1.67 mg/kg)and was greater when supplemented in water ***(P=0.002).Liver vitamin e increased(Pe supplementations in water(3.9 vs.31.8)and feed(3.9 vs.18.0),but not with the botanical extract(3.9 vs.4.9 mg/kg).Serum malondialdehyde was reduced with heat stress on d 2,but increased on d 28(interaction,Peater(Pementation compared to *** proliferation was reduced(P=0.037)in the jejunum under heat stress,but increased in the ileum when vitamin e was supplemented in feed and water under heat stress(interaction,P=0.04).Tumor necrosis factor-αin jejunum and ileum mucosa decreased by heat stress(Pe

关键词： Botanical extract Growing pigs Heat stress Immune status Oxidative status Tocopherol Water

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Surgical site infection following pancreaticoduodenectomy in a referral cancer center in Mexico

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第5期23卷 502-508页

作者： Rodrigo Villaseñor-echavarri Javier Melchor-Ruan Mercedes Aranda-Audelo gabriela Arredondo-Saldaña Patricia Volkow-Fernandez Maria del Carmen Manzano-Robleda Alejandro e Padilla-Rosciano Diana Vilar-Compte Department of Infectious Diseases Instituto Nacional de CancerologíaAv.San Fernando 22Belisario Domínguez Secc 16TlalpanMexico CityMexico School of Medicine Universidad PanamericanaAugusto Rodin No.498Insurgentes MixcoacBenito JuárezMexico CityMexico Department of Digestive Tube and Hepatopancreatobiliary Tumors Instituto Nacional de CancerologíaAv.San Fernando 22Belisario Domínguez Secc 16TlalpanMexico CityMexico Department of Infectious Diseases Hospital Manuel Gea GonzálezCalz.de Tlalpan 4800Belisario Domínguez Secc 16TlalpanMexico CityMexico Gastrointestinal and endoscopy Department Instituto Nacional de CancerologíaAv.San Fernando 22Belisario Domínguez Secc 16TlalpanMexico CityMexico

Background: Pancreaticoduodenectomy is the standard treatment for resectable periampullary cancer. Surgical site infections(SSI) are common complications with increased morbidity. The study aimed to describe the prevalence, risk factors, microbiology, and outcomes of SSI among patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study in a referral cancer center between January 2015 and June 2021. We analyzed baseline patient characteristics and SSI occurrence. Culture results and susceptibility patterns were described. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine risk factors, proportional hazards model to evaluate mortality, and Kaplan-Meier analysis to assess long-term survival. Results: A total of 219 patients were enrolled in the study;101(46%) developed SSI. Independent factors for SSI were diabetes mellitus, preoperative albumin level, biliary drainage, biliary prostheses, and clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula. The main pathogens were enterobacteria and enterococci. Multidrug-resistance rate in SSI was high but not associated with increased mortality. Infected patients had higher odds of sepsis, longer hospital stay and intensive care unit stay, and readmission rate. Neither 30-day mortality nor long-term survival was significantly different between infected and non-infected patients. Conclusions: SSI prevalence among patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy was high and largely caused by resistant microorganisms. Most risk factors were related to preoperative instrumentation of the biliary tree. SSI was associated with greater risk of unfavorable outcomes;however, survival was unaffected.

关键词： Surgical site infection Pancreaticoduodenectomy Pancreatic cancer endoscopic biliary drainage Biliary prosthesis

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What is the effect of Tribulus terrestris on testicular morphology and sperm production?An experimental study in the rat model

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第1期26卷 67-70页

作者： Marcello Henrique Araujo Da Silva gabriela Faria Buys-Goncalves Joao Henrique Duque Reis estrada Francisco Jose Barcellos Sampaio Diogo Benchimol de Souza Urogenital Research Unit Rio de Janeiro State UniversityRio de Janeiro 20551-030RJBrazil

The objective of this study was to investigate whether treatment with Tribulus terrestris(Tt)has any impact on the testicular morphology and function in a rodent *** male rats were divided into a control group and a group receiving 100 mg kg^(-1) body weight of Tt *** 4o days of experiment,the animals were submitted to euthanasia;epididymal tail spermatozoa were collected;and spermatozoa concentration,motility,and viability were *** addition,testicles were collected and processed for histomorphometrical *** were compared using the Student's t-test and considered significant when Pentration,motility,and viability showed no difference between the ***,testicular weight and volume,seminiferous tubule diameter,tunica propria surface density,seminiferous epithelium surface density,and intertubular compartment surface density were statistically similar between the ***,seminiferous epithelium height and tubular lumen surface density were augmented in animals treated with *** with Tt does not cause a major impact on testicular morphology,promoting only subtle *** difference on spermatozoa parameters was observed.

关键词： morphometry testicle Tribulus terrestris

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Analysis of Perinatal Outcomes of Twin Pregnancy in a Referral Hospital for High Risk

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第7期14卷 983-995页

作者： eduarda Paim Pedro Lucas Carneiro Ferreira Luciano Selistre Fernanda Grossi José Mauro Madi gabriela Françoes Rostirolla Mdica Residente do Programa de Residncia em Ginecologia e Obstetrcia Hospital Geral de Caxias do Sul Rio Grande do Sul Brasil Faculdade de Medicina Universidade de Caxias do Sul Rio Grande do Sul Brasil Programa de Ps-Graduao Universidade de Caxias do Sul Rio Grande do Sul Brasil Servio de Ginecologia e Obstetrcia Hospital Geral de Caxias do Sul Rio Grande do Sul Brasil

Introduction: The incidence of twin pregnancies has increased significantly in recent decades. These pregnancies require more attention due to their worse outcomes than singleton pregnancies. Objective: To analyze the characteristics and perinatal outcomes of twin pregnancies at the Caxias do Sul General Hospital. Methods: This is a descriptive and retrospective study that included all births related to twin pregnancies between March 1998 and June 2018. Maternal and perinatal variables were analyzed. Descriptive analyses were carried out using measures of central tendency and dispersion for continuous variables (mean and standard deviation or median and interquartile range), according to a prior assessment of distribution using the Shapiro-Wilk test, and absolute (n) and relative (n%) frequencies for categorical variables. Results: 172 pairs of twins/21,972 births (0.8%) were identified. There was a high percentage of interpartum interval of less than 12 months, adherence and prenatal visits, body mass index, and need for neonatal intensive care. Stillbirth and neomortality rates were within acceptable parameters. Conclusion: The sample studied showed a percentage similar to that in the literature, a high rate of maternal and perinatal complications, characterizing it as a high-risk fetal pregnancy.

关键词： Pregnancy Twin Pregnancy High Risk Pregnancy Morbidity Perinatal Mortality Perinatal Results

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Insects as alternative feed for ruminants:comparison of protein evaluation methods

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第4期13卷 1143-1150页

作者： Pablo G.Toral Gonzalo Hervás Mariana gabriela González-Rosales Alejandro G.Mendoza Lizbeth e.Robles-Jiménez Pilar Frutos Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña(CSIC-University of León) Finca Marzanas s/n24346 GrullerosLeónSpain Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia Universidad Autónoma del Estado de MéxicoNo.100 Instituto Literario 100Col.Centro50000 TolucaEstado de MéxicoMexico.

Background:The high dependence of intensive ruminant production on soybean meal and the environmental impact of this crop encourage the search for alternative protein-rich *** use of insects seems promising,but the extent of their ruminal protein degradation is largely *** parameter has major influence not only on N utilization efficiency but also on the environmental burden of ruminant *** addition,although assessing ruminal N degradation represents a key first step to examine the potential of new feeds,it is a challenging task due to the lack of a reference *** study was conducted to investigate the potential of 4 insects(Tenebrio molitor,Zophobas morio,Alphitobius diaperinus and Acheta domesticus)as alternative protein sources for ruminants,using 3 methodologies:1)a regression technique based on the in vitro relationship between gas production and ammonia-N concentration;2)a conventional in vitro technique of batch cultures of ruminal microorganisms,based on filtering the incubation residue through sintered glass crucibles;and 3)the in situ nylon bag *** in vitro intestinal digestibility of the non-degraded protein in the rumen was also *** meal was used as a reference ***:Comparison of evaluation methods(regression,in vitro and in situ)did not allow to reliably select a single value of ruminal N degradation for the studied substrates,but all techniques seem to establish a similar ranking,with good correlations between methods,particularly between regression and in situ *** of the methodology,nitrogen from the 4 insects(with contents ranging from 81 to 112 g/kg of dry matter)did not show high ruminal degradation(41–76%),this value being always lower than that of soybean ***,the in vitro intestinal digestibility of non-degraded N was relatively high in all feeds(≥64%).Conclusion:Overall,these results support the potential of the 4 studied insects as alternative feedstu

关键词： In situ In vitro Livestock Nitrogen degradation Sheep

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Product Containing “Skin Calm Complex” Improves Barrier effect <i>in Vitro</i>

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Journal of Cosmetics, Dermatological Sciences and Applications 2014年第4期4卷 234-243页

作者： María Matabuena-de Yzaguirre gabriela Bacchini eva Vila-martínez ángeles Juarranz Department of Biology Faculty of Sciences Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Madrid Spain Medical Department Ferrer Health Care Barcelona Spain

epidermal Barrier integrity is deteriorated in many skin conditions, including Atopic Dermatitis, and could be responsible for many of the associated clinical symptoms. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of RePAVAR ATOPIC SKIN BODY CReAM eXTReMe, product containing “SKIN CALM COMPLeX” on barrier epidermis structure. Morphologic and structural evaluations were conducted on reconstructed human epidermis, by qualitative (hematoxylin/eosin- and immune-staining) and quantitative (MTT assay) techniques. Immature (Age Day 10) and mature (Day 17) sample tissues were treated with the product for 24 hours or 7 days, respectively. Morphological and quantitative analysis revealed an increase in the thickness of the epidermis in both cases after the treatment. The study by immunostaining showed that Product-treated tissues presented excellent localization of: 1) e-cadherin in keratinocytes of the spinous layer;2) Filaggrin and Loricrin, in the granular layer;and 3) increased expression of Involucrin and Keratin 10 in suprabasal layers and 4) elevated expression of Keratin 5 in the basal layer of the epidermis. The product RePAVAR ATOPIC SKIN BODY CReAM eXTReMe increases the epithelial regeneration and differentiation determined by cell proliferation and the expression and localization of specific proteins, improving the epidermal barrier effect.

关键词： Atopic Dermatitis epidermal Barrier epithelial Regeneration and Differentiation

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Correlation between Intestinal Health and Coccidiosis Prevalence in Broilers during Different Seasons of the Year in Brazil from 2012 to 2018

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第3期15卷 179-198页

作者： Fabio Luis Gazoni gabriela Miotto Galli Marcel Manente Boiago Lenita Moura Stefani Aline Zampar Marco A. Juárez-estrada Guillermo Tellez-Isaias Aleksandro S. da Silva Animal Health and Reproduction Veterinary Medicine Graduate Program Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM) Santa Maria Brazil Animal Science Graduate Program Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Porto Alegre Brazil Animal Science Graduate Program Santa Catarina State University (UDESC) Chapecó Brazil Departamento de Medicina y Zootecnia de Aves Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Ciudad Universitaria Ciudad de Mexico Mexico Department of Poultry Science Division of Agriculture University of Arkansas Fayetteville AR USA

Coccidiosis is a disease caused by intracellular protozoan parasites, specifically belonging to the genus eimeria. These parasites target the gastrointestinal tract in different types of hosts, causing sores in the intestinal lining. The presence of these lesions reduces the animal’s ability to digest and absorb nutrients, significantly impacting their overall performance. The current study aimed to explore the potential correlation between seasonal variations and the incidence of eimeria spp-induced lesions in broiler chickens’ gastrointestinal tracts in Brazil from 2012 to 2018. A total of 8,607 broiler chickens, aged 14 to 42 days, were sampled from 103 poultry integrated companies in Brazil to conduct intestinal health examinations. The sampling process involved selecting 3 to 6 chickens from each poultry house for examination. The assessment included various abnormalities such as shedding of intestinal cells and excessive fluid and mucus presence, thickening and tension of the intestines, food movement, roughened mucosal surface resembling a Turkish towel in the small intestine, tissue death, duodenal inflammation, intestinal inflammation, gizzard erosion, presence of worms and bedding material, and ingestion of mealworms. During the seasons, winter exhibited the highest average occurrence of eimeria maxima microorganisms at 52.83%, with e. acervulina following closely at 26.42% in second place. In spring, e. maxima had an occurrence of 11.31%, while in fall, e. tenella had the lowest occurrence at 6.74%. When analyzing the seasonal occurrence of eimeria, it was observed that e. maxima micro was more common during winter compared to summer (P = 0.0491). However, no discernible variation was observed in the occurrence of the remaining species across different seasons. Research findings suggest that subclinical coccidiosis is most prevalent during the winter season in Brazil. Likewise, clinical disease caused by e. acervulina is also prevalent during this time. I

关键词： eimeria epidemiology Intestinal Pathology Broiler Chickens Brazil

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Layer by layer surface engineering of poly (lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles:A versatile tool for nanoparticle engineering for targeted drug delivery

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Science China Chemistry 2013年第8期56卷 1029-1039页

作者： ROMeRO gabriela MURRAY Richard A. QIU Yuan SANZ David MOYA Sergio e. Biosurfaces Department CIC biomaGUNE Department of Polymer Science and engineering Zhejiang University

Recent work regarding the Layer by Layer （LbL） engineering of poly（lactide-co-glycolide） nanoparticles （PLGA NPs） is reviewed here. The LbL engineering of PLGA NPs is applied as a means of generating advanced drug delivery devices with tailored recognition, protection, cargo and release properties. LbL in combination with covalent chemistry is used to attach PeG and folic acid to control cell uptake and direct it towards cancer cells. LbL coatings composed of chitosan and alginate show low protein interactions and can be used as an alternative to Pegylation. The assembly on top of LbL coatings of lipid layers composed of variable percentages of 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-choline （DOPC） and 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho- L-serine （DOPS） increases NP uptake and directs the NPs towards the endoplasmic reticulum. The antibody anti-TNF-ct is encapsulated forming a complex with alginate that is assembled LbL on top of PLGA NPs. The antibody is released in cell culture following first order kinetics. The release kinetics of encapsulated molecules inside PLGA NPs are studied when the PLGA NPs are coated via LbL with different polyelectrolytes. The intracellular release of encapsulated Doxorubicin is studied in the HepG2 cell line by means of Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging.

关键词： layer by layer PLGA NPs cell uptake antibody delivery lipid layers intracellular release

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The Roper-Suffridge extension operator and classes of biholomorphic mappings Dedicated to Professor Sheng GONG on the occasion of his 75th birthday

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Science China Mathematics 2006年第11期49卷 1539-1552页

作者： GRAHAM Ian KOHR gabriela Department of Mathematics University of Toronto TorontoOntario M5S 2E4Canada Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science Babes-Bolyai University 1 M. Kogǎlniceanu Str. 400084 Cluj-NapocaRomania

In this paper we give a survey about the Roper-Suffridge extension operator and the developments in the theory of univalent mappings in several variables to which it has led. We begin with the basic geometric properties (most of which now have a number of different proofs)and discuss relations with the theory of Loewner chains and generalizations and modifications of the operator, some of which are very recent.

关键词： convex mapping, starlike mapping, Roper-Suffridge operator, growth theorem, distortion theorem, covering theorem, Loewner chain, parametric representation,extreme points, linear invariant family.

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Transcriptional Programs Related to Phytochrome A Function in Arabidopsis Seed Germination

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Molecular Plant 2013年第4期6卷 1261-1273页

作者： Silvia e. Ibarra gabriela Auge Rodolfo A. Sanchez Javier F. Botto IFeVA Facultad de Agronomfa Universidad de Buenos Aires y Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas Av. San Martin 4453 C1417DSECiudad de Buenos Aires Argentina

In Arabidopsis seeds, germination is promoted only by phytochromes, principally phytochrome B （phyB） and phytochrome A （phyA）. Despite the abundant information concerning the molecular basis of phyB signaling downstream of PIF1/PIL5, the signaling network inducing germination by phyA is poorly known. Here, we describe the influence of phyA on the transcriptome of Arabidopsis seeds when germination is induced by a far-red （FR） pulse. The expression of 11% of the genome was significantly regulated by phyA. Most of the genes were up-regulated and the changes noted late （i.e. 5 h after a FR pulse）, whereas changes in down-regulated genes were more abundant earlier （i.e. 0.5 h after a FR pulse）. Auxin- and GA-associated elements were overrepresented in the genes that were modified by phyA. A significant number of genes whose expression was affected by phyA had not been previously reported to be dependent on PIL5. Among them, homozygotic mutant seeds of MYB66, a SAUR-like protein, PIN7, and GASA4 showed an impaired promo- tion of germination by phyA. Natural variation at the transcriptional level was found in early signaling and GA metabolic genes, but not in ABA metabolic and expansin genes between Columbia and Landsberg erecta accessions. Although phyA and phyB/PIL5 signaling pathways share some molecular components, our data suggest that phyA signaling is partially independent of PIL5 when germination is promoted by very low fluences of light.

关键词： transcriptome germination light Arabidopsis seeds PIF1/PIL5 phytochrome A (phyA) phytochrome B (phyB).

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