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Large dinosaur egg accumulations and their significance for understanding nesting behaviour

geoscience Frontiers 2024年第5期15卷 467-488页

作者： L.Ezquerro R.Coimbra B.Bauluz C.núñez-Lahuerta T.Román-Berdiel m.moreno-Azanza Departamento de geodinámica Estratigrafía y PaleontologíaFacultad de Ciencias GeológicasUniversidad Complutense de MadridC/JoséAntonio Novais1228040MadridSpain Aragosaurus-IUCA:Recursos geológicos y paleoambientales.Departamento de Ciencias de la Tierra.Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de ZaragozaC/Pedro Cerbuna 1250009 ZaragozaSpain museu da Lourinha LourinhaPortugal geoBioTec Department of Earth SciencesNOVA School of Science and TechnologyUniversidade Nova de LisboaCaparicaPortugal geoBioTec Departamento de GeocienciasUniversidade de AveiroAveiroPortugal Insitut Catalàde paleoecologia Humana i EvolucióSocial(IpHES-CERCA) Zona Educacional 4Campus Sescelades URV(Edifici W3)43007 TarragonaSpain Departament d´Història i Història de l´Art Universitat Rovira i VirgiliAv.Catalunya 3543002 TarragonaSpain geotransfer IUCA Departamento de Ciencias de La TierraFacultad de CienciasUniversidad de ZaragozaZaragozaSpain

The accurate identification of dinosaur egg accumulations as nests or clutches is crucial for understanding the reproductive behaviour of these extinct ***,existing methods often rely on the presence of complete eggs and embryo remains,and sedimentological criteria that are only applicable to well-structured *** this study,we introduce an innovative approach to characterize egg accumulations in structureless sediments,where traditional nest structures may not be *** methodology employs a unique combination of sedimentological,taphonomic,geochemical,and geophysical proxies for the study of egg *** applied this approach to the egg accumulation from paimogo(Jurassic,portugal),traditionally interpreted as a *** findings reveal that the paimogo egg assemblage is a secondary deposit,resulting from a flooding event in a fluvial plain that dismantled several allosauroid and crocodylomorph *** eggshell vapor conductance results,coupled with sedimentological evidence,suggest that allosauroid dinosaurs buried their eggs in the dry terrain of overbank areas close to a main channel during the breeding season,likely during the dry season to prevent the embryos from *** research underscores the necessity of multidisciplinary approaches in interpreting egg accumulations and offers a novel methodology for studying these accumulations in structureless *** findings provide new insights into the breeding behaviour and nesting preferences of these extinct organisms,contributing to our understanding of dinosaur ecology.

关键词： Breeding behaviour Theropod Taphonomy Stable isotopes magnetic susceptibility Jurassic

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The Soft X-ray Imager(SXI)on the SmILE mission

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Earth and planetary physics 2024年第1期8卷 5-14页

作者： S.Sembay A.L.Alme D.Agnolon T.Arnold A.Beardmore A.Belén Balado margeli C.Bicknell C.Bouldin g.Branduardi-Raymont T.Crawford J.p.Breuer T.Buggey g.Butcher R.Canchal J.A.Carter A.Cheney Y.Collado-Vega H.Connor T.Crawford n.Eaton C.Feldman C.Forsyth T.Frantzen g.galgóczi J.garcia g.Y.genov C.gordillo H-p.gröbelbauer m.guedel Y.guo m.Hailey D.Hall R.Hampson J.Hasiba O.Hetherington A.Holland S-Y.Hsieh m.W.J.Hubbard H.Jeszenszky m.Jones T.Kennedy K.Koch-mehrin S.Kögl S.Krucker K.D.Kuntz C.Lakin g.Laky O.Lylund A.martindale J.miguel mas Hesse R.nakamura K.Oksavik n.Østgaard H.Ottacher R.Ottensamer C.pagani S.parsons p.patel J.pearson g.peikert F.S.porter T.pouliantis B.H.Qureshi W.Raab g.Randal A.m.Read n.m.m.Roque m.E.Rostad C.Runciman S.Sachdev A.Samsonov m.Soman D.Sibeck S.Smit J.Søndergaard R.Speight S.Stavland m.Steller TianRan Sun J.Thornhill W.Thomas K.Ullaland B.Walsh D.Walton C.Wang S.Yang School of physics and Astronomy University of LeicesterLeicesterLE17RHUK Space park Leicester University of LeicesterLeicesterLE17RHUK mullard Space Science Laboratory University College LondonDorkingRH56NTUK Centre for Electronic Imaging Open UniversityMilton KeynesMK76 AAUK Birkeland Centre for Space Science Department of Physics and TechnologyUniv.of BergenN-5007 BergenNorway University of Vienna A-1010 ViennaAustria Space Research Institute Austrian Academy of SciencesA-8042 GrazAustria national Institute of Aerospace Technology MadridSpain ESTEC European Space Agency2201 AZ NoordwijkNetherlands State Key Laboratory of Space Weather National Space Science CentreBeijing 100190China University of Applied Sciences and Arts northwestern Switzerland CH-5210 WindischSwitzerland Koegl Space gmbH CH-8157 DielsdorfSwitzerland Space Acoustics gmbH CH-8157 DielsdorfSwitzerland Zurich University of Applied Sciences 8400 WinterhurSwitzerland genov Solutions N-5172 LoddefjordNorway STm Engineering N-5165 LaksevagNorway John Hopkins University Applied physics Laboratory MD 20723USA nASA/goddard Space Flight Centre MD 20771USA Center for Space physics Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Department of Theoretical physics and Astrophysics Masaryk University60177 BrnoCzech Republic Institute of physics E¨otvo¨s Lor´and University1053 BudapestHungary Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100045China Centro de Astrobiologia(CAB) CSIC-INTAMadridSpain

The Soft X-ray Imager(SXI)is part of the scientific payload of the Solar wind magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SmILE)*** is a joint science mission between the European Space Agency(ESA)and the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)and is due for launch in *** is a compact X-ray telescope with a wide field-of-view(FOV)capable of encompassing large portions of Earth’s magnetosphere from the vantage point of the SmILE *** is sensitive to the soft X-rays produced by the Solar Wind Charge eXchange(SWCX)process produced when heavy ions of solar wind origin interact with neutral particles in Earth’s *** provides a mechanism for boundary detection within the magnetosphere,such as the position of Earth’s magnetopause,because the solar wind heavy ions have a very low density in regions of closed magnetic field *** sensitivity of the SXI is such that it can potentially track movements of the magnetopause on timescales of a few minutes and the orbit of SmILE will enable such movements to be tracked for segments lasting many *** is led by the University of Leicester in the United Kingdom(UK)with collaborating organisations on hardware,software and science support within the UK,Europe,China and the United States.

关键词： Soft X-ray Imaging micropore optics large area CCD

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Effect of proton irradiation on the optical properties of thermal control coating based on polystyrene with silica filler

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propulsion and power Research 2024年第1期13卷 1-11页

作者： n.I.Cherkashina V.I.pavlenko m.m.mikhailov A.n.Lapin S.A.Yuriev R.V.Sidelnikov D.S.Romanyuk Belgorod State Technological University named after V.g.Shoukhov Kostyukov Str.46Belgorod 308012Russia Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics 40Prospect LeninaTomsk 634050Russia

This paper presents the results of studying the surface properties changes of a ther-moregulating coating based on polystyrene and silicaﬁller after proton irradiation with an en-ergy of 50 keV at afluence of 3�1015 cm�*** proton irradiation,the values of the contact angle of wetting with water increase by 3.5%and 14.9%for polystyrene and the coating,*** free surface energy(energy of the surface layer)of polystyrene and the coat-ings before and after proton irradiation was calculated using the Owens-Wendt-Rabel-Kaelble *** was a signiﬁcant increase in the polarity of the polystyrene surface(gp increased by a factor of 2.2)after proton *** the coating,an increase in gp by a factor of 3.89 was observed after proton *** changes in the coating were presented by IR Fourier spectroscopy.A slight decrease in the absorption intensity of all characteristic bands compared to the unirradiated sample was *** was found that the irradiation of the coating with protons led to the formation of macromolecules with hydroxyl,carbonyl,and carboxyl bonds,as well as the formation of dimeric and oligomeric siloxane *** was also found that after irradiation of a pure polystyrene sample with protons,the value of the solar absorption as increased by only 4.2%;whereas for the coating with silicaﬁller,the value of as increased by 28.6%.

关键词： Thermal control coating proton irradiation Hydrophobicity Free surface energy Radiation crosslinking

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Automating selective area electron diffraction phase identification using machine learning

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Journal of materiomics 2024年第4期10卷 896-905页

作者： m.mika n.Tomczak C.Finney J.Carter A.Aitkaliyeva nuclear Engineering program in Department of materials Science University of Florida100 Rhines HallGainesville32611FLUSA Department of materials Science&Engineering Case Western Reserve University2111 Martin Luther King Jr DrCleveland44106OHUSA

Selective area electron diffraction(SAED)patterns can provide valuable insight into the structure of a ***,the manual identification of collected patterns can be a significant bottleneck in the overall phase classification *** this work,we utilize the recent advances in computer vision and machine learning(mL)to automate the indexing of SAED *** performance of six different mL algorithms is demonstrated using metallic plutonium-zirconium *** most successful approach trained a neural network(nn)to make a classification of the phase and zone axis,and then utilized a second nn to synthesize multiple independent predictions of different tilts in a single sample to make an overall phase *** results demonstrate that automated SAED phase identification using mL is a viable route to accelerate materials characterization.

关键词： Selective area electron diffraction machine learning phase identification metallic fuels pu alloys

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generation of polarized electron beams through self-injection in the interaction of a laser with a pre-polarized plasma

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High power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第3期12卷 62-68页

作者： L.R.Yin X.F.Li Y.J.gu n.Cao Q.Kong m.Büscher S.m.Weng m.Chen Z.m.Sheng Key Laboratory of nuclear physics and Ion-beam Application(moE) Institute of Modern PhysicsDepartment of Nuclear Science and TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghaiChina State Key Laboratory of High Field Laser physics Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina SAnKEn(Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research) Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan Sichuan Research Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityChengduChina peter grünberg Institut(pgI-6) Forschungszentrum JülichJülichGermany Institut für Laser-und plasmaphysik Heinrich-Heine-Universität DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Key Laboratory for Laser plasmas(moE) School of Physics and AstronomyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Tsung-Dao Lee Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina

polarized electron beam production via laser wakefield acceleration in pre-polarized plasma is investigated by particlein-cell *** evolution of the electron beam polarization is studied based on the Thomas±Bargmann±michel±Telegdi equation for the transverse and longitudinal self-injection,and the depolarization process is found to be influenced by the injection *** the case of transverse self-injection,as found typically in the bubble regime,the spin precession of the accelerated electrons is mainly influenced by the ***,in the case of longitudinal injection in the quasi-1D regime(for example,*** et al.,***.110,135002(2013)),the direction of electron spin oscillates in the laser *** the electrons move around the laser axis,the net influence of the laser field is nearly zero and the contribution of the wakefield can be ***,an ultra-short electron beam with polarization of 99%can be obtained using longitudinal self-injection.

关键词： laser wakefield acceleration longitudinal self-injection particle-in-cell simulation polarized electron beam

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Biosynthesized CS-mgO/zeolite hybrid material:An efficient adsorbent for chlorpyrifos removal-Kinetic studies and response surface methodology

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Emerging Contaminants 2024年第3期10卷 304-317页

作者： mohammed T.m.H.Hamad Belal n.A.mahran Central Laboratory for Environmental Quality monitoring National Water Research CenterEgypt

The prevalence of organophosphate pesticides in aquatic environments raises severe concerns on a global ***,an insecticide,is included in a class of organophosphate *** is widely used on agricultural lands to control pests in cotton,fruit,and *** acute toxicity of chlorpyrifos is still dangerous to all aquatic living *** the treatment of water contaminated with chlorpyrifos is an important *** recent decade has witnessed adsorption technology emerging as an advanced organophosphate pesticide wastewater treatment with great potential and a grand blueprint,in which the specific surface area and active sites of the adsorbent are considered to be the two most important characteristics largely impacting the adsorption *** this study,a CS-mgO/Zeolite composite was prepared by the microbial method as an effective adsorbent for the removal of chlorpyrifos from an aqueous *** adsorbent's properties were carefully characterized using Xray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy,and Fourier-transform infrared *** refinement of experimental conditions,encompassing variations in adsorbent dosage,contact time,and chlorpyrifos concentration at five discrete levels,was systematically undertaken through the utilization of a composite central design rooted in response surface *** solution pH played a key role in chlorpyrifos removal,and a pH of 7.0 was selected according to its high adsorption *** highest removal(80.9%)of chlorpyrifos by CS-mgO/Zeolite was obtained at an optimum pH of 7,a contact time of 40 min,an adsorbent dosage of 0.4 g/L,and a chlorpyrifos concentration of 5 mg/L^(-1).The adsorption results were highly fitted with the Freundlich adsorption isotherm model,and the maximum adsorption was 83.3 mg/*** studies indicate that the removal of chlorpyrifos followed the pseudo-secondorder model of adsorption(0.994).The thermodynamic parameters indicate the sponta

关键词： Chlorpyrifos adsorption CS-mgO/Zeolite Response surface methodology

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Thermal performance of domed roof in air-conditioned spaces

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Energy and Built Environment 2024年第2期5卷 270-287页

作者： Ibrahim Reda Raouf n.Abdelmessih mohamed Steit Ehab m.mina mechanical power Engineering Faculty of EngineeringAin Shams University1 El-Sarayat St.Cairo 11517Egypt Architectural Engineering Faculty of EngineeringAin Shams UniversityCairoEgypt

Due to their thermal performance,domed roofs are one of the passive solutions that affect energy consumption in *** thermal performance of domed roofs has been investigated in many naturally ventilated ***,few studies have discussed their performance in conditioned ***,this study introduces a computational comparison between domed and flat roofs to investigate their impact on thermal comfort inside a conditioned *** an earlier stage,field measurements were carried out inside a Bahraini mosque to acquire its indoor air conditions during the summer period of 2021,in addition to validating the computational *** findings of this study confirm that,under mechanical cooling conditions,the flat roof offers a lower indoor temperature than the domed roof by 0.4℃and 0.1℃for open and closed doors,***,the air velocity is lower by approximately 0.01 m/s for both door *** overall pmV values of the flat roof are also lower by 0.07 and 0.01,while the ppD values are lower by 0.20,and 0.34 for open and closed doors,*** on these small differences,it can be concluded that the thermal performance of both roofing systems behaves equally in conditioned ***,the air patterns are substantially different,the overall thermal performance is *** similarity drives building designers to rethink the thermal performance of the domed roofs in air-conditioned spaces with such a hot climate,regardless of their aesthetic and acoustical behaviour.

关键词： Thermal comfort Computational fluid dynamics(CFD) predicted mean vote(pmV)and predicted percentage dissatisfied(ppD) Domed roof Flat roof

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Human leukocyte antigen compatibility and incidence of donorspecific antibodies in pediatric liver transplant recipients

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2024年第33期30卷 3837-3845页

作者： melina U melere Flavia H Feier Jorge neumann Antônio n Kalil Juliana de m montagner Luiza S nader Carolina S da Silva marco Aurélio F Junior gabriela p Coral guilherme p Bobsin Cristina T Ferreira Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation Santa Casa de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90050170Rio Grande do SulBrazil Department of Hepato-biliary-pancreatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90020-090Rio Grande do SulBrazil postgraduation program in medicine:Hepatology Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90050-170Rio Grande do SulBrazil Laboratory of Transplantation Immunology Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90020-090Rio Grande do SulBrazil

BACKgROUnD Antibody-mediated rejection following liver transplantation(LT)has been increasingly recognized,particularly with respect to the emergence of de novo donor-specific antibodies(DSAs)and their impact on graft *** substantial evidence for adult populations exists,research focusing on pediatric LT outcomes remains *** To investigate the prevalence of human leukocyte antigen(HLA)mismatches and DSA and evaluate their association with rejection episodes after pediatric *** A cohort of pediatric LT recipients underwent HLA testing at Santa Casa de porto Alegre,Brazil,between December 2013 and December *** patients who survived for>30 days after LT with at least one DSA analysis were *** classes I and II and cross-matches were *** presence of de novo DSA(dnDSA)was evaluated at least 3 months after LT using the Luminex®single antigen bead method,with a positive reaction threshold set at 1000 *** episodes were confirmed by liver *** Overall,67 transplanted children were analyzed;61 received grafts from living donors,85%of whom were related to ***-transplant DSA(class I or II)was detected in 28.3%of patients,and dnDSA was detected in 48.4%.The median time to DSA detection after LT was 19.7[interquartile range(IQR):4.3-35.6]*** rejection occurred in 13 patients at follow-up,with C4d positivity observed in 5/13 Liver *** median time to rejection was 7.8(IQR:5.7-12.8)*** presence of dnDSA was significantly associated with rejection(36%vs 3%,pn-free survival rates at 12 and 24 months were 76%vs 100%and 58%vs 95%for patients with dnDSA anti-DQ vs those without,*** Our findings highlight the importance of incorporating DSA assessment into pre-and post-transplantation protocols for pediatric LT *** implications may include immunosuppression minimization strategies based on this analysis in pediatric LT recip

关键词： Human leukocyte antigens Donor-specific antibodies Liver transplantation pediatric Rejection

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Exercised blood plasma promotes hippocampal neurogenesis in the Alzheimer's disease rat brain

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第2期13卷 245-255页

作者： Cecilie Skarstad norevik Aleksi m.Huuha Ragnhild n.RФsbjФrgen Linda Hildegard Bergersen Kamilla Jacobsen Rodrigo miguel-dos-Santos Liv Ryan Belma Skender Jose Bianco n.moreira Asgeir Kobro-Flatmoen menno p.Witter nathan Scrimgeour Atefe R.Tari Cardiac Exercise Research group(CERg) Department of Circulation and Medical ImagingNorwegian University of Science and Technology7491TrondheimNorway Department of neurology and Clinical neurophysiology St.Olavs University Hospital7030TrondheimNorway Institute of Oral Biology University of Oslo0372OsloNorway Department of physiology Federal University of SergipeS~ao Cristov~ao49100-000SergipeBrazil Centre of molecular Inflammation Research Department of Clinical and Molecular MedicineNorwegian University of Science and Technology7491TrondheimNorway Kavli Institute for Systems neuroscience Centre for Neural Computationand Egil and Pauline Braathen and Fred Kavli Centre for Cortical MicrocircuitsNorwegian University of Science and Technology7030TrondheimNorway K.g.Jebsen Centre for Alzheimer’s Disease Norwegian University of Science and Technology7030TrondheimNorway

Background:Exercise training promotes brain plasticity and is associated with protection against cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease(AD).These beneficial effects may be partly mediated by blood-borne *** we used an in vitro model of AD to investigate effects of blood plasma from exercise-trained donors on neuronal viability,and an in vivo rat model of AD to test whether such plasma impacts cognitive function,amyloid pathology,and ***:mouse hippocampal neuronal cells were exposed to AD-like stress using amyloid-βand treated with plasma collected from human male donors 3 h after a single bout of high-intensity *** in vivo studies,blood was collected from exercise-trained young male Wistar rats(high-intensity intervals 5 days/week for 6 weeks).Transgenic AD rats(mcgill-R-Thyl-App)were inj ected 5 times/fortnight for 6 weeks at2 months or 5 months of age with either(a)plasma from the exercise-trained rats,(b)plasma from sedentary rats,or(c)*** function,amyloid plaque pathology,and neurogenesis were *** plasma used for the treatment was analyzed for 23 ***:plasma from exercised donors enhanced cell viability by 44.1%(p=0.032)and reduced atrophy by 50.0%(pn amyloid-β-treated *** vivo exercised plasma treatment did not alter cognitive function or amyloid plaque pathology but did increase hippocampal neurogenesis by~3 fold,regardless of pathological stage,when compared to saline-treated *** of 7 cytokines were significantly reduced in exercised plasma compared to sedentary ***:Our proof-of-concept study demonstrates that plasma from exercise-trained donors can protect neuronal cells in culture and promote adult hippocampal neurogenesis in the AD rat *** effect may be partly due to reduced pro-inflammatory signaling molecules in exercised plasma.

关键词： Cytokines High-intensity interval training Inflammation neurons plasma transfusion

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Ion heat transport in electron cyclotron resonance heated L-mode plasma on the T-10 tokamak

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plasma Science and Technology 2024年第4期26卷 52-60页

作者： V.A.KRUpIn m.R.nURgALIEV A.R.nEmETS I.A.ZEmTSOV S.D.SUnTSOV T.B.mYALTOn D.S.SERgEEV n.A.SOLOVEV D.V.SARYCHEV D.V.RYJAKOV S.n.TUgARInOV n.n.nAUmEnKO national Research Centre“Kurchatov Institute” Moscow 123182Russia Bauman moscow State Technical University Moscow 105005Russia Institution“project Center ITER” Moscow 123098Russia JSC“SOLAR” Minsk 220034Belarus

Anomalous ion heat transport is analyzed in the T-10 tokamak plasma heated with electron cyclotron resonance heating(ECRH) in second-harmonic extra-ordinary mode. predictive modeling with empirical scaling for Ohmical heat conductivity shows that in ECRH plasmas the calculated ion temperature could be overestimated, so an increase of anomalous ion heat transport is required. To study this effect two scans are presented: over the EC resonance position and over the ECRH power. The EC resonance position varies from the high-field side to the low-field side by variation of the toroidal magnetic field. The scan over the heating power is presented with on-axis and mixed ECRH regimes. Discharges with high anomalous ion heat transport are obtained in all considered regimes. In these discharges the power balance ion heat conductivity exceeds the neoclassical level by up to 10 times. The high ion heat transport regimes are distinguished by three parameters: the ratio Te/Ti, the normalized electron density gradient R/■, and the ion–ion collisionality νii~*. The combination of high Te/Ti, high νii~*, and R/■=6-10 results in values of normalized anomalous ion heat fluxes up to 10 times higher than in the low transport scenario.

关键词： tokamak L-mode electron cyclotron resonance heating ion heat transport

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