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Sex-specific life-history strateg.es among.immature jumping.spiders:Differences in body parameters and behavior

Current Zoolog. 2023年第5期69卷 535-551页

作者： LászlóMezőfi Viktor Markó DóraÁg.es Taranyi g.bor Markó Institute of Plant Protection Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life SciencesBudapest 1118Hungary Institute of Viticulture and Enolog. Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life SciencesBudapest 1118Hungary

Selection forces often g.nerate sex-specific differences in various traits closely related to *** in adult spiders(Araneae),sexes often differ in coloration,body size,antipredator,or forag.ng.behavior,such sex-related differences are less pronounced among.***,sex-specific life-history strateg.es may also be adaptive for ***,we hypothesized that among.spiders,immature individuals show different life-history strateg.es that are expressed as sex-specific differences in body parameters and behavioral features,and also in their *** used immature individuals of a protandrous jumping.spider,Carrhotus xanthog.amma,and examined sex-related *** results showed that males have hig.er mass and larg.r prosoma than *** were more active and more risk tolerant than *** activity increased with time,and larg.r males tended to capture the prey faster than small ones,while females showed no such ***,females reacted to the threatening.abiotic stimuli more with the increasing.number of test *** both males and females,individuals with better body conditions tended to be more risk *** showed no sex-specific differences in interindividual behavioral consistency and in intraindividual behavioral variation in the measured behavioral ***,we also found evidence for behavioral syndromes(i.e.,correlation between different behaviors),where in males,only the activity correlated with the risk-taking.behavior,but in females,all the measured behavioral traits were *** present study demonstrates that *** sexes follow different life-history strateg.es even before attaining.maturity.

关键词： activity behavioral syndrome boldness intraindividual variability repeatability sexual dimorphism

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Post-g.strectomy patients need to be followed up for 20-30 years

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World Journal of g.stroenterolog. 2000年第1期6卷 45-48页

作者： Tovey fi Hobsley M Department of Surg.ry Royal Free and University College Medical SchoolLondon 67-73 Riding House StreetLondon W1P 7LDUK

AIM:To investig.te the incidence and manag.ment of nutritional deficiencies following.a ***:A g.strectomy population of 227 patients in London was followed up for 30 years after operation to detect and treat nutritional ***:By the end of the first decade iron deficiency was the commonest problem. Vitamin B(12) deficiency became more important in the second decade. During.the third decade both reached equal prevalence, being.found in some 90% of the female and 70% of the male residual population. Vitamin D deficiency was a lesser problem, reaching.its climax in the second decade. Overall, all women fared worse than ***:The importance of long.term follow-up of g.strectomy patients for iron, Vitamin B(12) and Vitamin D deficiencies is emphasised.

关键词： Subject heading. g.strectomy nutrition iron vitamin B_(12) vitamin D

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The phytoconstituents and the comparative effects of aqueous extract of Irving.a g.bonensis seeds and proviron on the biochemical parameters of male g.inea pig.

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2010年第2期3卷 101-104页

作者： Obianime AW Uche fi Department of Pharmacolog. University of Port Harcourt Department of Pharmacog.osy and Phytotherapy University of Port Harcourt

Objective:To investig.te the phytochemical screening.and the effects of the aqueous extracts of the seeds of Irving.a g.bonensis on the biochemical parameters of male g.inea ***: The biochemical parameters were assayed using.Randox Diag.ostic kits,Phenolphthalein method and colorimetric *** phytochemical screening.was carried out using.standard ***:Phytochemical investig.tions revealed the presence of flavonoids,tannins, carbohydrate,alkaloids,terpenoids,steroids,volatile oils,saponins and cardiac *** aqueous extract of Irving.a g.bonensis seeds(SO - 400 mg.kg. caused a statistically sig.ificant(Pg.est reduction effect was obtained with uric acid at 400 mg.kg.of Irving.a g.bonensis extract while the least effect was observed in total cholesterol. These effects were dose- and time- ***:This shows that the seeds of Irving.a g.bonensis have hepatoprotective,nephroprotective and cardio protective *** study therefore,supports the claims on the use of the seeds of this plant by traditional medicine practitioners as a hepatoprotective and nephroprotective ag.nt Althoug. further studies need to be done to isolate,identify and characterize the active principles in the seeds of this plant.

关键词： Irving.a g.bonensis Phytoconstituents Biochemical parameters Proviron Male g.inea pig.

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Sex-dependent increase of movement activity in the freshwater isopod Asellus aquaticus following.adaptation to a predator-free cave habitat

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Current Zoolog. 2023年第4期69卷 418-425页

作者： ELTE Eötvös Loránd University Hajriz Berisha g.rg.ly Horváth Žig. fišer g.rg.ly Balázs Cene fišer g.bor Herczeg.Author Notes Behavioural Ecolog. g.oup Department of Systematic Zoology and EcologyBiological InstituteELTE Eötvös Loránd UniversityPázmány Péter sétány 1/CBudapestHungary H-1117 ELKH-ELTE-MTM Integ.ative Ecolog. Research g.oup Pázmány Péter sétány 1/CBudapestHungary H-1117 Department of Biolog. Biotechnical FacultyUniversity of LjubljanaJamnikarjeva 1011000 LjubljanaSlovenia

Populations experiencing.neg.ig.ble predation pressure are expected to evolve hig.er behavioral ***,when sexes have different expected benefits from hig. activity,the adaptive shift is expected to be ***,we compared movement activity of one cave(lack of predation)and three adjacent surface(hig. and diverse predation)populations of Asellus aquaticus,a freshwater isopod known for its independent colonization of several caves across *** predicted 1)hig.er activity in cave than in surface populations,with 2)the difference being.more pronounced in males as they are known for active mate searching.behavior,while females are *** was assessed both in the presence and absence of *** results supported both predictions:movement activity was hig.er in the cave than in the surface populations,particularly in *** predation pressure in the cave-adapted population is most likely the main selective factor behind increased behavioral activity,but we also showed that the extent of increase is sex-specific.

关键词： adaptation cave colonization movement activity predator-free environment

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POSITIVE SOLUTIONS FOR SINg.LAR BVPs ON THE POSITIVE HALF-LINE ARISINg.FROM EPIDEMIOLOg. AND COMBUSTION THEORY

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2012年第2期32卷 672-694页

作者： Smaïl Djebali Ouiza Saïfi 闫宝强 Department of Mathematics E.N.S.P.O.Box 9216050 Kouba.AlgiersAlgeria Department of Economics Faculty of Economic and Management SciencesAlgiers UniversityAlgeria Department of Mathematics Shandong Normal University

In this work, we are concerned with the existence and multiplicity of positive solutions for sing.lar boundary value problems on the half-line. Two problems from epi- demiolog. and combustion theory set on the positive half-line are investig.ted upper and lower solution techniques combined with fixed point index on cones in priate Banach spaces. The results complement recent ones in the literature. We use appropriate Banach spaces. The results complement recent ones in the literature.

关键词： fixed points index positive solution sing.lar problem cone lower andupper solution half-line

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The effects of aqueous extracts of Tetracarpidium conophorum seeds on the hormonal parameters of male g.inea pig.

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2010年第1期3卷 21-24页

作者： Obianime AW Uche fi Department of Pharmacolog. University of Port Harcourt Department of Pharmacog.osy and ethno Therapy University of Port Harcourt

Objective:To investig.te the effects of the aqueous extracts of the seeds of Tetracarpidium conophorum and the effect of Proviron(12.5 mg.kg.(as standard) on the hormonal parameters of male g.inea pig.,compare the effects of the seeds of Tetracarpidium conophorum and Proviron,and screen the phytochemical constituents of the seeds of Tetracarpidium ***:The hormonal effects of the Tetracarpidium conophorum and Proviron were tested by hormonal assay,using.enzyme immuno assay *** was done by reaction of antibody with serum testosterone and testosterone label,mag.etic solid phase separation and colour development *** screening.was done using.standard procedures. Results:The aqueous extract of the Tetracarpidium conophorum seeds(100-400 mg.kg. caused a statistically sig.ificant increase(Pg.inea pig.,from(2.60±0.06) ng.mL to(3.40±0.05) ng.mL,(3.00±0.60) ng.mL and(3.30±0.45) ng.mL on the 7th,14th and 21st day of the administration of the extracts,*** hig.est increase was obtained after the 7th day of treatment[(3.40±0.05) ng.mL].These effects were very comparable to the effects of Proviron on the testosterone of male g.inea pig.,which were obtained to be(2.80±0.01) ng.mL,(2.90±0.16) ng.mL and(3.10±0.30) ng.mL on the 7th, 14th and 21st day,*** effects were dose-and *** optimum effect on testosterone level under dose-dependent study f(4.70±0.45) ng.mL]was obtained at 300 mg.kg.of Tetracarpidium conophorum after 7 days ***,the phytochemical screening.of the seeds of Tetracarpidium conophorum revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannin,alkaloids,carbohydrate,volatile oils,terpenoids,saponins and cardiac g.ycosides. Conclusion:This study supports the claims on the use of the seeds of this plant by traditional medicine practitioners as a fertility ***,further studies need to be done to isolate and characterize the active pri

关键词： Tetracarpidium conophorum Hormonal parameters Male g.inea pig.

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Tomog.aphic study of the deep tectonics in the Yecheng.Shiquanhe area of the Tibetan Plateau

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Science China Earth Sciences 2005年第4期48卷 477-483页

作者： g. Wittling.r g. Poupinet Ecole et Observatoire des Science de la Terre 67084 Strasbourg FranceLGIT-IRIGM Universite Joseph Fourier 38041 Grenoble France

The Yecheng.Shiquanhe profile runs over the western Tibetan Plateau from the south marg.n of the Tarim Basin, crossing.the west Kunlun orog.ny, to the east of Karakorum. The authors applied body waves to 3-dimensional inversion of travel time residuals and outlined the deep tectonic pattern of the northwestern Tibetan Plateau. An imag. was obtained, showing.that the Tarim lithosphere is subducted southwards underneath the west Kunlun orog.ny at an ang.e of 40° and a depth of 280 km. Surface structures are well expressed in the imag. and can be further traced in deeper levels. The prominent finding.is that the g.zha Fault and Karakax Fault are likely to join tog.ther beyond a depth of ～200 km, which is the very zone of active seismicity.

关键词： west Kunlun, lithosphere, velocity perturbation, subduction.

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Evaluation of antioxidant activities of some Nig.rian medicinal plants

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2009年第4期2卷 27-32页

作者： Uche fi Ezug.u CO Department of Pharmacog.osy and ethnotherapy University of Port Harcourt Nigeria Department of Pharmacog.osy University of Nig.ria Nsukka Nigeria

Objective:The methanol extracts of the leaves of Kolancheo(K.) pinnata,Aspilia(A.) africana,Mucuna (M.) pruriens,Emilia(E.) coccinea,Triumfetta(T.) rhomboidea,Laportea(L.) ovalifolis,Celosia(C.) trig.nea,Cucurbita(C.)moschata and Asystesia(A.)g.ng.stica were evaluated for antioxidant activities,the reducing.potentials of these plants were also determined and phytochemical screening.of some of these plants were carried ***:The antioxidant activities of these plants were evaluated by the use of 2,2-diphenyl -1 -picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) free radical assay and *** reducing.potentials of these plants were determined using.Ferric chloride,Potassium Ferricyanide and Trichloroacetic acid proceedures. The phytochemical screening. of the medicinal plants were equally done using.standard ***: The percentag. of antioxidant activities values for the plants were:(31.00±1.80)%,(58.40±1.26) %,(59.10±1.60)%,(60.00±1.05)%,(60.80±1.28)%,(62.40±1.26)%,(64.80±2. 10)%,(75.70±2.60)%and(82.70±2.80)%for ***,***,***,L. ovalifolia,***,***,***,*** and *** values were dose-dependent and statistically sig.ificant at P g.est antioxidant activity value(82.70±2.80%) while *** had the least value (31.00±1.80%).The percentag. of antioxidant activities of these plants were comparable to the standard used,Tocopherol which was found to be(97.20±1.06)%.The reducing.potentials of the plants were found to be positively correlated to the antioxidant activities of the *** screening. revealed the presence of alkaloids,flavonoids,terpenoids,saponins and tannins in the medicinal ***:The finding. from this study have revealed the potentials of these plants as *** could be exploited in drug.development in search of powerful antioxidants which are urg.ntly needed to challeng. free radicals

关键词： Phytochemical screening Antioxidant activity Reducing potentials Nig.rian medicinal plants

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The comparative effects of aqueous extract of Tetracarpidium conophorum seeds and Proviron on the sperm parameters of male g.inea pig.

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2009年第6期2卷 11-15页

作者： Obianime AW Uche fi Department of Pharmacolog. University of Port HarcourtNigeria Department of Pharmacog.osy and ethno Therapy University of Port Harcourt Nigeria

Objective:To investig.tion the comparative effects of the aqueous extracts of the seeds of Tetracarpidium conophorum (***) and Proviron on the sperm parameters of male g.inea pig.,and screen phytochemical constituents of the seeds of ***:The sperm count,motility and morpholog. of the male g.inea pig. were done using.Neubauer chamber(Haemocytometer),lig.t microscope and dilute carbol Fuchsin(1:20) method,*** screening.was done by standard ***: The aqueous extract of the *** seeds(100 -400 mg.kg. caused statistically sig.ificant increase (P g.est effect was obtained at 300 mg.kg.of *** this dose, the sperm count and motility of the male g.inea pig. administered with *** were the same with the g.oup administered 12.5 mg.kg.*** values were 78.0±3.50 and 75.0±2.80,respectively for sperm count and motility(P g.kg.*** caused a slig.t decline in sperm count and *** effects were dose-dependent and comparable to the observed effects of Proviron (12.5 mg.kg. on sperm parameters of male g.inea *** time-dependent study,the observed effect of T. conophorum(300 mg.kg. and Proviron on the values of sperm count and motility at 14th day were almost the *** values are 58.0±1.80 and 70.0±2.60,respectively for sperm motility and ***, on the 7th day of treatment,*** exhibited hig.est effect which was hig.er than that of Proviron. These effects decreased prog.essively from the 14th to the 28th *** Proviron showed the hig.est effect on the 28th *** effects were all time-dependent and statistically sig.ificant at P finally, the phytochemical screening.of the seeds of *** revealed the presence of flavonoids,tannins, alkaloids,terpenoids,carbohydrates,volatile oil

关键词： Tetracarpidium conophorum Sperm parameters Proviron Male g.inea pig. Phytochemical screening

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Phytochemical constituents,analg.sic and anti-inflammatory effects of methanol extract of Triumfetta rhomboidea leaves in animal models

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2009年第5期2卷 26-29页

作者： Uche fi Okunna BU Department of Pharmacognosy and Ethnotherapy University of Port Harcourt Rivers State Nigeria

Objective:To investig.te the analg.sic and anti-inflammatory effects of the methanolic extract of the leaves of Triumfetta rhomboidea on mice and rats *** to screen the phytochemical constituent of the extract. Methods:The analg.sic effect was determined by acetic acid-induced writhing.test in *** the anti-inflammatory activity was determined by eg. albumin-induced oedema of the rat *** screening.was done by standard ***:Triumfetta rhomboidea leaf extract(50 -400 mg.kg. caused a statistically sig.ificant inhibition on the eg. albumin-induced eodema or inflammation in Wister albino rats with Pg.er than the observed effect with Piroxicam(0.5 mg.kg. which was used as a *** effect was also ***,Triumfetta rhomboidea extract caused a statistically sig.ificant reduction in the number of acetic acid-induced writhing.in mice,with Pg.eater than the analg.sic effects by paracetamol which was used as a reference *** screening.revealed the presence of flavonoids,steroids, triterpenoids alkaloids,tannins and saponins in Truimfetta rhomboidea leaf ***:Triumfetta rhomboidea can be recommended for acute inflammatory disorders and diseases associated with *** also supports its traditional use as an anti-snake bite and anti-cancer or anti-tumor *** study is on the way to find out the mechanism of its action and also to isolate,identify and characterize the active principle responsible for these effects in this plant.

关键词： Triumfetta rhomboidea Phytochemical constituents Anti-inflammatory Analg.sic effect Animal models

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