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Mycorrhizal fung. mitig.te nitrog.n losses of an experimental g.assland by facilitating.plant uptake and soil microbial immobilization

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Pedosphere 2024年第2期34卷 399-410页

作者： Yang.ang.JIA Marcel g.A.VAN der HEIJDEN Alain Y.VALZANO-HELD Markus JOCHER Florian WALder Postdoctoral Mobile Station of Ecolog. College of Ecology and EnvironmentXinjiang UniversityÜrümqi 830046China Research g.oup Plant-Soil Interactions AgroscopeZürich 8046Switzerland Research g.oup Climate and Ag.iculture AgroscopeZürich 8046Switzerland Department of Plant and Microbial Biolog. University of ZürichZürich 8008Switzerland Research g.oup Soil Quality and Soil Use AgroscopeZürich 8046Switzerland

Nitrog.n(N)is one of the most limited nutrients of terrestrial ecosystems,whose losses are prevented in tig.tly coupled cycles in finely tuned *** chang.-induced N enrichment throug. atmospheric deposition and application of vast amounts of fertilizer are now challeng.ng.the terrestrial N *** mycorrhizal fung.(AMF)are known drivers of plant-soil nutrient fluxes,but a comprehensive assessment of AMF involvement in N cycling.under g.obal chang. is still ***,we simulated N enrichment by fertilization(low/hig.)in experimental g.assland microcosms under g.eenhouse conditions in the presence or absence of AMF and continuously monitored different N pathways over nine *** found that hig. N enrichment by fertilization decreased the relative abundance of leg.mes and the plant species dominating.the plant community chang.d from g.asses to forbs in the presence of AMF,based on aboveg.ound *** presence of AMF always maintained plant N:phosphorus(P)ratios between 14 and 16,no matter how the soil N availability *** in plant N:P ratios due to the increased plant N and P uptake mig.t thus be a primary pathway of AMF altering.plant community ***,we constructed a comprehensive picture of AMF’s role in N cycling.hig.lig.ting.that AMF reduced N losses primarily by mitig.ting.N leaching.while N_(2)O emissions played a marg.nal *** mycorrhizal fung. reduced N_(2)O emissions directly throug. the promotion of N_(2)O-consuming.*** underlying.mechanism for reducing.N leaching.is mainly the AMF-mediated improved nutrient uptake and AMF-associated microbial *** results indicate that synerg.es between AMF and other soil microorg.nisms cannot be ig.ored in N cycling.and that the integ.al role of AMF in N cycling.terrestrial ecosystems can buffer the upcoming.g.obal chang.s.

关键词： N cycling N enrichment N uptake N:P ratio plant community structure symbiotic soil fung.

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Mycorrhizae and sustainable soil solutions

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Pedosphere 2024年第2期34卷 267-268页

作者： Junli HU Fayuan WANg.Junling.ZHANg.Liang.ong.g.O Marcel g.A.VAN der HEIJDEN State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Ag.iculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008(China) Colleg. of Environment and Safety Eng.neering Qingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266042(China) National Academy of Ag.iculture g.een Development State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and ManagementCollege of Resources and Environment SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193(China) State Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity and Innovative Utilization Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101(China) Department of Ag.oecolog. and Environment Plant-Soil InteractionsAgroscopeZürich 8046(Switzerland) Department of Plant and Microbial Biolog. University of ZürichZürich 8057(Switzerland)

Mycorrhizae are the most widespread symbioses in nature,involving.plants and specialized soil *** recent years,mycorrhizal research has made remarkable *** in g.nomics and other modern techniques have opened new windo... 详细信息

关键词： soil specialized sustainable

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Perspectives for delivery of therapeutics by extravasation of biodeg.adable microspheres in the brain

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Neural Reg.neration Research 2024年第5期19卷 969-970页

作者： Anne-Eva van der Wijk Ed VanBavel Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam Department of Biomedical Engineering and PhysicsAmsterdamThe Netherlands Amsterdam Neuroscience Neurovascular Disorders ProgramAmsterdamThe Netherlands Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences Microcirculation ProgramAmsterdamThe Netherlands

Development of therapeutics for brain diseases has remained challeng.ng.in particular due to the difficulty of passing.the blood-brain *** a result,the current arsenal of therapeutics targ.ting.the brain is limited to small,lipid-soluble drug. and there is a lack of options for treating.neuroblastomas,Alzheimer’s disease,and many other devastating.*** the advances in strateg.es for crossing.the blood-brain barrier such as the use of nanoparticles(Hersh et al.,2022;Duan et al.,2023),such delivery systems have not yet reached clinical ***,novel platforms for the transport of therapeutics across the blood-brain barrier remain hig.ly *** specifically holds for larg. molecules such as monoclonal antibodies and recombinant proteins,as well as nucleotide-based therapeutics and cell *** efforts in this field are increasing.exponentially,with thousands of publications in the last few years.

关键词： therapeutics holds spite

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New insig.ts into protein–polysaccharide complex coacervation:Dynamics,molecular parameters,and applications

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Ag.reg.te 2024年第1期5卷 148-166页

作者： Jiabao Zheng.Paul Van der Meeren Weizheng.Sun School of Food Science and Eng.neering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina Department of g.een Chemistry and Technolog. Faculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent UniversityGhentBelgium Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health(111 Center) GuangzhouChina

For more than a decade,the discovery of liquid–liquid phase separation within living.org.nisms has prompted colloid scientists to understand the connection between coacervate functionality,phase behavior,and dynamics at a multidisciplinary *** the protein–polysaccharide was the first system in which the coacervation phenomenon was discovered and is widely used in food systems,the phase state and relaxation dynamics of protein–polysaccharide complex coacervates(PPCC)have rarely been discussed ***,this review aims to unravel the relationship between PPCC dynamics,thermodynamics,molecular architecture,applications,and phase states in past *** ahead,solving.the way molecular architecture spreads to macro-functionality,that is,establishing.the relationship between molecular architecture–dynamics–application,will catalyze novel advancements in PPCC research within the field of foods and biomaterials.

关键词： dynamics encapsulation liquid coacervate protein-polysaccharide complex coacervation solid precipitate

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Urban rail transit disruption manag.ment: Research prog.ess and future directions

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Frontiers of Eng.neering.Manag.ment 2024年第1期11卷 79-91页

作者： Lebing.WANg.Jian g.ng.JIN Lijun SUN der-Horng.LEE School of Naval Architecture Ocean&Civil Engineeringand State Key Laboratory of Ocean EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Department of Civil Eng.neering McGill UniversityMontrealQuebec H3A 0C3Canada ZJU-UIUC Institute Zhejiang UniversityHaining 314400China

Urban rail transit (URT) disruptions present considerable challeng.s due to several factors: i) a hig. probability of occurrence, arising.from facility failures, disasters, and vandalism;ii) substantial neg.tive effects, notably the delay of numerous passeng.rs;iii) an escalating.frequency, attributable to the g.adual ag.ng.of facilities;and iv) severe penalties, including.substantial fines for abnormal operation. This article systematically reviews URT disruption manag.ment literature from the past decade, categ.rizing.it into pre-disruption and post-disruption measures. The pre-disruption research focuses on reducing.the effects of disruptions throug. network analysis, passeng.r behavior analysis, resource allocation for protection and backup, and enhancing.system resilience. Conversely, post-disruption research concentrates on restoring.normal operations throug. train rescheduling.and bus bridg.ng.services. The review reveals that while post-disruption strateg.es are thoroug.ly explored, pre-disruption research is predominantly analytical, with a scarcity of practical pre-emptive solutions. Moreover, future research should focus more on increasing.the interchang.ability of transport modes, reinforcing.redundancy relationships between URT lines, and innovating.post-disruption strateg.es.

关键词： urban rail transit disruption manag.ment resilient network train rescheduling bus bridg.ng.services

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A tribo-chemical view on astring.ncy of plant-based food substances

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Friction 2024年第7期12卷 1392-1407页

作者： Samuel S.g.MANIEL Paloma S.DUEÑAS ROBLES Hans TROMP Els H.A.de HOOg.Sissi de BEER Emile van der HEIDE Laboratory for Surface Technolog. and Tribolog. Faculty of Engineering TechnologyUniversity of TwenteEnschede 7522 LWthe Netherlands NIZO Food Research B.V. Ede6710 BAthe Netherlands Department of Molecules and Materials MESA+Institute for Nanotechnolog. University of TwenteEnschede 7500 AEthe Netherlands

Consumption of plant-based food products having.hig. composition of polyphenols leads to the sensation of *** sliding.oral surfaces,friction is an essential property during.the oral perception of roug.ness and dryness which are attributes associated with *** factors including.the chemical composition of interacting.layers,structure and operation of interfaces have an effect on the astring.ncy development *** manner of interactions occurring.at oral interfaces sug.est there is a system dependence of astring.ncy and hig.lig.ts the importance of adopting.a tribosystems *** measurement techniques have shown an existing.relationship between salivary protein-polyphenol interaction and an astring.nt ***,the tribo-chemistry involved in this multifaceted sensation remains larg.ly unexplored in a comprehensive *** this review the underlying.tribo-chemical processes useful in understanding.the mechanism of astring.ncy are hig.lig.ted and discussed considering.current techniques employed to investig.te astring.ncy *** of lubrication on oral surfaces owing.to the tribo-chemical interactions involving.saliva and astring.nt plant proteins requires subsequent deformations of oral tissues which are sig.ificant enoug. to induce strains at mechanoreceptor locations,leading.to the sensation of *** is proposed that micro-scale contact modelling.on the interaction of food particles/ag.reg.tes,boundary layers and oral surfaces shows potential in addressing.the knowledg. g.p between tribo-chemical measurement techniques and panel tests,making.it possible to attain a predictor for astring.ncy.

关键词： oral lubrication astring.ncy tribo-chemistry tribolog.

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Quantifying.source-sink relationships in leaf-color modified rice g.notypes during.g.ain filling

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Journal of Integ.ative Ag.iculture 2024年第9期23卷 2923-2940页

作者： Zhenxiang.Zhou Paul CStruik Junfei g. Peter E.L.van der Putten Zhiqin Wang.Jianchang.Yang.Xinyou Yin Centre for Crop Systems Analysis Department of Plant SciencesWageningen University&ResearchWageningen 6700 AKThe Netherlands Colleg. of Ag.iculture Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China

Leaf-color modification can affect canopy photosynthesis,with potential effects on rice yield and yield *** source-sink relationships throug. crop manag.ment is often used to improve crop *** study investig.ted whether and how modifying.leaf color alters source-sink relationships and whether current crop cultivation practices remain applicable for leaf-color modified *** collected data of total biomass and nitrog.n(N)accumulation in rice g.notypes of four g.netic backg.ounds and their leaf-color modified variants(g.eener or yellower)were analyzed,using.a recently established modelling.method to quantify the source-sink(im)balance during.g.ain *** all leaf-color variants,only one yellower-leaf variant showed a hig.er source capacity than its normal *** was associated with g.eater post-flowering.N-uptake that prolong.d the functional leaf-N duration,and this g.eater post-flowering.N-uptake was possible because of reduced pre-flowering.N-uptake.A density experiment showed that current manag.ment practices(insufficient planting.density accompanied by abundant N application)are unsuitable for the yellower-leaf g.notype,ultimately limiting.its yield ***-color modification affects source-sink relationships by reg.lating.the N trade-off between pre-and post-flowering.uptake,as well as N translocation between source and sink *** best exploit leaf-color modification for improving.crop productivity,adjustments of crop manag.ment practices are required.

关键词： source-sink relationship biomass nitrog.n Oryza sativa leaf-color modification

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Inbreeding.and g.netic load in a pair of sibling.g.ouse species:Tetrastes sewersowi and ***

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Avian Research 2024年第2期15卷 265-270页

作者： Kai Song.Tom van der Valk Bin g.o Peter Halvarsson Yun Fang.Wendong.Xie Sieg.ried Klaus Zhiming.Han Yue-Hua Sun Jacob Hog.und Key Laboratory of Animal Ecolog. and Conservation Biolog. Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China Animal Ecolog. Department of Ecology and GeneticsUppsala UniversityNorbyvagen 18DUppsala75236Sweden Department of Cell and Molecular Biolog. Uppsala75273Sweden Unit of Parasitolog. Department of Biomedicine and Veterinary Public HealthSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesPO Box 7036Uppsala75007Sweden Lindenhohe 5 JenaD-07749Germany The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biolog. Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China

g.netic load and inbreeding.are recog.ized as important factors to be considered in conservation *** levels of both can increase the risk of population extinction by neg.tively impacting.fitness-related characters in many species of plants and animals,including.humans(inbreeding.depression).g.nomic tech-niques are increasing.y used in measuring.and understanding.g.netic load and inbreeding.and their importance in evolution and *** used whole g.nome resequencing.data from two sibling.g.ouse species in subarctic Eurasia to quantify *** found a larg. rang. of inbreeding.measured as FROH(fraction of runs of homozyg.sity)in individuals from different populations of Chinese g.ouse(Tetrastes sewerzowi)and Hazel g.ouse(***).FROH estimated from g.nome-wide runs of homozyg.sity(ROH)rang.d from 0.02 to 0.24 among.Chinese g.ouse populations and from 0.01 to 0.44 in Hazel *** from a population of Chinese g.ouse residing.in the Qilian mountains and from the European populations of Hazel g.ouse(including.samples from Sweden,g.rmany and Northeast Poland)were the most inbred(FROH rang.d from 0.10 to 0.23 and 0.11 to 0.44,respectively).These levels are comparable to other hig.ly inbred populations of *** g.ouse from northern China and Chinese g.ouse residing.in the Qing.ai-Tibetan Plateau showed relatively lower inbreeding.*** of the ratio between deleterious missense mutations and synonymous mutations revealed hig.er levels in Chinese g.ouse as compared to Hazel *** results are possibly explained by hig.er fixation rates,mutational melt down,in the rang.-restricted Chinese g.ouse compared to the wide-rang.ng.Hazel ***,when we compared the relatively more severe class of loss-of-function muta-tions,Hazel g.ouse had slig.tly hig.er levels than Chinese g.ouse,a result which may indicate that purifying.selection(purg.ng.has been more efficient in Chinese g.ouse on this class of mutations.

关键词： g.netic load Inbreeding Purifying.selection Qing.ai-Tibetan Plateau ROH Tetrastes

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Effects of pyrethroid and org.nophosphate insecticides on reared black soldier fly larvae(Hermetia illucens)

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Insect Science 2024年第3期31卷 817-834页

作者： Nathan Meijer Lisa Zoet Theo de Rijk Paul Zomer Deborah Rjkers H.J.van der Fels-Klerx Joop J.A.van Loon Wag.ning.n Food Safety Research(WFSR) Part of Wageningen University and ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands Bestico B.V. Industrieweg 6Berkel en RodenrjsThe Netherlands Plant Sciences g.oup Laboratory of EntomologyWageningen UniversityWageningenTheNetherlands

Black soldier fly larvae(Hermetia illucens)receive g.owing.interest as a potential alternative animal feed *** insects may be exposed to insecticide residues in the rearing.*** study aimed to investig.te the effects of six different pyrethroid and org.nophosphate insecticides on this insect species'*** toxicity of two"model"substances for each of these classes(cypermethrin;pirimiphosmethyl)was quantified,with and without the synerg.st piperonyl butoxide(PBO).Critical effect doses corresponding.to 10%yield(CED10)for cypermethrin(0.4 mg.kg.and pirimiphos-methyl(4.8 mg.kg.were *** addition of PBO to cypermethrin enhanced its relative potency with a factor *** data were compared ag.inst the relative toxicity of two analog.e substances in each class(permethrin,deltamethrin;chlorpyrifosmethyl,malathion).Results sug.est that exposure to concentrations complying.with leg.l limits can cause sig.ificant reductions in *** to multiple substances at lower concentrations resulted in neg.tive additive and synerg.stic *** the tested substances,deltamethrin was most toxic,causing.94%yield at 0.5 mg.*** results sug.ested that transfer of tested substances to the larval biomass was substance-and concentration-specific,but appeared to be correlated to reduced yields and the presence of *** of org.nophosphates was overall low(g.d from 8%to 75%for *** to very low limits in insect biomass(~0.01 mg.kg.,hig. transfer may result in *** is recommended that rearing.companies implement lower contractual thresholds,and that policymakers consider adjusting.leg.lly allowed maximum residue levels in insect feed.

关键词： feed insects pesticides rearing substrate

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CD4^(+)T cells produce IFN-I to license cDC1s for induction of cytotoxic T-cell activity in human tumors

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Cellular & Molecular Immunolog. 2024年第4期21卷 374-392页

作者： Xin Lei Daniël C.de g.oot Marij J.P.Welters Tom de Wit Ellen Schrama Hans van Eenennaam Saskia J.Santeg.ets Timo Oosenbrug.Annemarthe van der Veen Joris L.Vos Charlotte L.Zuur Noel F.C.C.de Miranda Heinz Jacobs Sjoerd H.van der Burg.Jannie Borst Yanling.Xiao Department of Immunolog. Leiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands Oncode Institute Leiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands Department of Tumor Biolog. and Immunolog. The Netherlands Cancer InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of Medical Oncolog. Oncode InstituteLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands IMMIOS B.V. OssThe Netherlands Division of Medical Oncolog. The Netherlands Cancer InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of Otorhinolaryng.log. Leiden University Medical Center LeidenThe Netherlands Department of Patholog. Leiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands

CD4^(+)T cells can"help"or"license" conventional type 1 dendritic cells(cDC1s)to induce CD8^(+)cytotoxic T lymphocyte(CTL)anticancer responses,as proven in mouse *** recently identified cDC1s with a transcriptomic imprint of CD4^(+)T-cell help,specifically in T-cell-infiltrated human cancers,and these cells were associated with a g.od prog.osis and response to PD-1-targ.ting.***,we delineate the mechanism of cDC1 licensing.by CD4^(+)T cells in *** CD4^(+)T cells produce IFNβvia the STINg.pathway,which promotes MHC-I antig.n(cross-)presentation by cDC1s and thereby improves their ability to induce CTL anticancer *** cooperation with CD40 lig.nd(L),IFNβalso optimizes the costimulatory and other functions of cDC1s required for CTL response ***-I-producing.CD4^(+)T cells are present in diverse T-cell-infiltrated cancers and likely deliver“help”sig.als to CTLs locally,according.to their transcriptomic profile and colocalization with“helped/licensed”cDCs and tumor-reactive CD8^(+)T *** ag.eement with this scenario,the presence of IFN-I-producing.CD4^(+)T cells in the TME is associated with overall survival and the response to PD-1 checkpoint blockade in cancer patients.

关键词： CD4^(+)T-cell help cDC1 licensing IFN-I sig.aling CD40 costimulation (cross-)presentation CTL priming Tumor control

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