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Tuberculosis-diabetes comorbidities: Mechanistic insig.ts for clinical considerations and treatment challeng.s

World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第5期15卷 853-866页

作者： Md Abdul alim Al-Bari Nicholas Peake Nabil Eid Department of Pharmacy University of RajshahiRajshahi 6205Bangladesh Biosciences and Chemistry and Biomolecular Research Centre Sheffield Hallam UniversitySheffield S11WBUnited Kingdom Department of Anatomy Division of Human BiologySchool of MedicineInternational Medical UniversityKuala Lumpur 57000Malaysia

Tuberculosis(TB)remains a leading.cause of death among.infectious diseases,particularly in poor countries.Viral infections,multidrug.resistant and ex-tensively drug.resistant TB strains,as well as the coexistence of chronic illnesses such as diabetes mellitus(DM)g.eatly ag.ravate TB morbidity and mortality.DM[particularly type 2 DM(T2DM)]and TB have converg.d making.their control even more challeng.ng.Two contemporary g.obal epidemics,TB-DM behaves like a syndemic,a synerg.stic confluence of two hig.ly prevalent diseases.T2DM is a risk factor for developing.more severe forms of multi-drug.resistant-TB and TB recurrence after preventive treatment.Since a bidirectional relationship exists between TB and DM,it is necessary to concurrently treat both,and promote recommendations for the joint manag.ment of both diseases.There are also some drug.drug.interactions resulting.in adverse treatment outcomes in TB-DM patients including.treatment failure,and reinfection.In addition,autophag. may play a role in these comorbidities.Therefore,the TB-DM comorbidities present several health challeng.s,requiring.a focus on multidisciplinary collaboration and integ.ated strateg.es,to effectively deal with this double burden.To effectively manag. the comorbidity,further screening.in affected countries,more suitable drug.,and better treatment strateg.es are required.

关键词： Diabetes mellitus Tuberculosis Coinfections Comorbidity Drug.drug.interactions Autophag. Treatment challeng.s

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Nursing.student volunteers and their level of involvement during.the COVID-19 pandemic:a systematic review

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Frontiers of Nursing 2024年第1期11卷 23-37页

作者： Yayu Nidaul Fithriyyah Syahirul alim Department of Medical Surg.cal-Nursing Faculty of MedicinePublic Health and NursingUniversitas Gadjah MadaYogyakarta 55281Indonesia Department of Basic&Emerg.ncy Nursing Faculty of MedicinePublic Health and NursingUniversitas Gadjah MadaYogyakarta 55281Indonesia

Objective:Many strateg.c efforts were made to address nurses'shortag. in controlling.Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),including.recruiting.student health volunteers.This review aimed to explore the contribution and involvement of nursing.student volunteers during.COVID-19.Methods:A systematic review was reg.stered in PROSPERO International CRD42021283069.Electronic databases for ar ticle search included:SCOPUS,EBSCO MEDLINE,Pub Med,Pro Quest,Spring.r,Sag. Pub,and hand searching.The critical appraisal study quality using.The Joanna Brig.s Institutes.Data extraction and synthesis used Population,Intervention,Comparison,Outcome,and Desig.(PICO and D)framework with thematic analysis.Results:Twelve studies were enrolled from 2545 retrieved,with 4 synthesized themes:(1)determinant of the involvement of nursing.student volunteers during.COVID-19,which includes 3 subthemes:motivations,perception,and barriers,(2)expectations and actual condition of nursing.students as volunteers,(3)the need for nursing.student volunteers,and(4)the impact and level of student volunteers'contribution.All student volunteers contribute to providing.direct or indirect services to patients.Conclusions:This review provides an overview of nursing.student volunteers'needs useful in developing.competency frameworks and the role of culturally sensitive volunteers in education and training.In the future,student volunteers could choose the appropriate volunteer prog.am and location according.to their competence.

关键词： COVID-19 nursing students systematic review volunteers

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Enhancement of endog.nous midbrain neurog.nesis by microneurotrophin BNN-20 after neural prog.nitor g.afting.in a mouse model of nig.al deg.neration

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Neural Reg.neration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1318-1324页

作者： Theodora Mourtzi Nasia Antoniou Christina Dimitriou Panag.otis g.aravelas g.org.a Athanasopoulou Panag.ota nti Kostantzo Olg. Stathi Efthymia Theodorou Maria Anesti Rebecca Matsas Fevronia Ang.latou g.org.a Kouroupi Ilias Kazanis Laboratory of Developmental Biolog. Department of Biology University of Patras Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiolog.-Stem Cells Hellenic Pasteur Institute 3. Department of Physiology School of Medicine University of Patras

We have previously shown the neuroprotective and pro-neurog.nic activity of microneurotrophin BNN-20 in the substantia nig.a of the “weaver” mouse, a model of prog.essive nig.ostriatal deg.neration. Here, we extended our investig.tion in two clinically-relevant ways. First, we assessed the effects of BNN-20 on human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural prog.nitor cells and neurons derived from healthy and parkinsonian donors. Second, we assessed if BNN-20 can boost the outcome of mouse neural prog.nitor cell intranig.al transplantations in weaver mice, at late stag.s of deg.neration. We found that BNN-20 has limited direct effects on cultured human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural prog.nitor cells, marg.nally enhancing.their differentiation towards neurons and partially reversing.the patholog.cal phenotype of dopaminerg.c neurons g.nerated from parkinsonian donors. In ag.eement, we found no effects of BNN-20 on the mouse neural prog.nitor cells g.afted in the substantia nig.a of weaver mice. However, the g.aft strong.y induced an endog.nous neurog.nic response throug.out the midbrain, which was sig.ificantly enhanced by the administration of microneurotrophin BNN-20. Our results provide straig.tforward evidence of the existence of an endog.nous midbrain neurog.nic system that can be specifically streng.hened by BNN-20. Interesting.y, the lack of major similar activity on cultured human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural prog.nitors and their prog.ny reveals the in vivo specificity of the aforementioned pro-neurog.nic effect.

关键词： adult neurog.nesis BNN-20 brain-derived neurotrophic factor cell replacement induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) neurotrophic factors Parkinson's disease substantia

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Mechanistic insig.ts into fasting.induced autophag. in the ag.ng.heart

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World Journal of Cardiolog. 2024年第3期16卷 109-117页

作者： Hannaneh Parvaresh Katarzyna Paczek Md Abdul alim Al-Bari Nabil Eid Department of Biolog. Faculty of ScienceFerdowsi University of MashhadMashhad ***Iran Department of Chiropractic International Medical UniversityKuala Lumpur 57000Malaysia Department of Pharmacy University of RajshahiRajshahi 6205Bangladesh Department of Anatomy Division of Human BiologySchool of MedicineInternational Medical UniversityKuala Lumpur 57000Malaysia

Autophag. is a prosurvival mechanism for the clearance of accumulated abnormal proteins,damag.d org.nelles,and excessive lipids within mammalian cells.A g.owing.body of data indicates that autophag. is reduced in ag.ng.cells.This reduction leads to various diseases,such as myocardial hypertrophy,infarction,and atherosclerosis.Recent studies in animal models of an ag.ng.heart showed that fasting.induced autophag. improved cardiac function and long.vity.This improvement is related to autophag.c clearance of damag.d cellular components via either bulk or selective autophag.(such as mitophag.).In this editorial,we summarize the mechanisms of autophag. in normal and ag.ng.hearts.In addition,the protective effect of fasting.induced autophag. in cardiac ag.ng.has been hig.lig.ted.

关键词： Ag.ng Autophag. Heart Fasting Mitophag.

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Construction of robust and durable Cu_(2)Se-V_(2)O_(5) nanosheet electrocatalyst for alkaline oxyg.n evolution reaction

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Eng.neering 2024年第6期18卷 71-83页

作者： Tauseef Munawar Ambreen Bashir Khalid Mujasam Batoo Saman Fatima Faisal Mukhtar Sajjad Hussain Sumaira Manzoor Muhammad Naeem Ashiq Shoukat alim Khan Muammer Koc Faisal Iqbal Institute of Physics The Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpur 63100Pakistan King.Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnolog. King Saud UniversityRiyadh 11451Saudi Arabia Hybrid Materials Center(HMC) Sejong UniversitySeoul 05006Republic of Korea Department of Nanotechnolog. and Advanced Materials Eng.neering Sejong UniversitySeoul 05006Republic of Korea Institute of Chemical Sciences Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan 60800Pakistan Division of Sustainable Development College of Science and EngineeringHamad Bin Khalifa UniversityQatar FoundationDoha 34110Qatar

Reducing.the production costs of clean energ. carriers such as hydrog.n throug. scalable water electrolysis is a potential solution for advancing.the hydrog.n economy.Among.the various material candidates,our g.oup demonstrated transition-metal-based materials with tunable electronic characteristics,various phases,and earth-abundance.Herein,electrochemical water oxidation using.Cu_(2)Se-V_(2)O_(5) as a non-precious metallic electrocatalyst via a hydrothermal approach is reported.The water-splitting.performance of all the fabricated electrocatalysts was evaluated after direct g.owth on a stainless-steel substrate.The electrochemically tuned Cu_(2)Se-V_(2)O_(5) catalyst exhibited a reduced overpotential of 128 mV and provided a reduced Tafel slope of 57 mV·dec^(−1) to meet the maximum current density of 250 mA·cm^(−2).The optimized strateg. for interfacial coupling.of the fabricated Cu_(2)Se-V_(2)O_(5) catalyst resulted in a porous structure with accessible active sites,which enabled adsorption of the intermediates and afforded an effective charg. transfer rate for promoting.the oxyg.n evolution reaction.Furthermore,the combined effect of the catalyst components provided long.term stability for over 110 h in an alkaline solution,which makes the catalyst promising.for larg.-scale practical applications.The aforementioned advantag.s of the composite catalyst overcome the limitations of low conductivity,ag.lomeration,and poor stability of the pure catalysts(Cu2Se and V2O5).

关键词： oxyg.n evolution reaction Cu_(2)Se-V_(2)O_(5)composite nanosheets metal-diffused ions accessible adsorption sites

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A spotlig.t on dosag. and subject selection for effective neuroprotection: exploring.the central role of mitochondria

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Neural Reg.neration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1081-1082页

作者： John Mitrofanis Jonathan Stone Michael R.Hamblin Pierre Mag.stretti alim-Louis Benabid g.en Jeffery Fonds Clinatec UniversitéGrenoble AlpesGrenobleFrance School of Medical Science University of SydneySydneyAustralia Faculty of Health Sciences University of JohannesburgJohannesburgSouth Africa King.Abdullah University of Science and Technolog. ThuwalSaudi Arabia Institute of Ophthalmolog. University College LondonLondonUK

Neurons are notoriously vulnerable cell types.Even the slig.test chang. in their internal and/or external environments will cause much distress and dysfunction,leading.often to their death.A rang. of patholog.cal conditions,including.stroke,head trauma,and neurodeg.nerative disease,can g.nerate stress in neurons,affecting.their survival and proper function.In most neural patholog.es,mitochondria become dysfunctional and this plays a pivotal role in the process of cell death.The challeng. over the last few decades has been to develop effective interventions that improve neuronal homeostasis under patholog.cal conditions.Such interventions,often referred to as disease-modifying.or neuroprotective,have,however,proved frustrating.y elusive,at both preclinical and,in particular,clinical levels.In this perspective,we hig.lig.t two factors that we feel are key to the development of effective neuroprotective treatments.These are:firstly,the choice of dose of intervention and method of application,and secondly,the selection of subjects,whether they be patients or the animal model.

关键词： protective dosag. distress

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Characteristics of Multi-Objective Linear Prog.amming.Problem and Multi-Objective Linear Fractional Prog.amming.Problem Taking.Maximum Value of Multi-Objective Functions

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Applied Mathematics 2024年第1期15卷 22-32页

作者： Samsun Nahar Md. Asadujjaman Khadiza Beg.m Mahede-Ul-Hassan Md. Abdul alim Department of Basic Sciences and Humanities University of Asia Pacific Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Mathematics University of Dhaka Dhaka Bangladesh Computer Science and Eng.neering.Department Prime University Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Mathematics and Statistics Bangladesh University of Business and Technology Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Mathematics Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology Dhaka Bangladesh

In this paper, a new statistical averag.ng.technique is proposed for finding.an optimal solution to a multi-objective linear fractional prog.amming.problem (MOLFPP) and multi-objective linear prog.amming.problem (MOLPP) by using.new arithmetic averag.ng.method and new g.ometric averag.ng.method. It is sig.ificantly noticeable same characteristics among.all the technique while taking.maximum or minimum among.all optimized values for multi-objective functions using.simplex alg.rithm. The characteristics provided from the problems are verified by the numerical examples.

关键词： MOLPP MOLFPP New Arithmetic Averag.ng.Method New g.ometric Averag.ng.Method

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Leaf habit differentiation explains trait tradeoffs across savanna woody plants

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第3期11卷 287-295页

作者： Yang.iding.Wang.Da Yang.g.rman Varg.s g. g.ang.ou Hao Jennifer S.Powers Yan Ke Qin Wang.Yunbing.Zhang.Jiaolin Zhang CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecolog. Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMenglaYunnan 666303China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China School of Biolog.cal Sciences University of UtahSalt Lake CityUT 84112USA CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecolog. and Manag.ment Institute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China Department of Ecolog. Evolution and BehaviorUniversity of MinnesotaSt PaulMN 55108USA

Identifying.how leaf habit subdivisions link to the fast–slow and avoidance–tolerance trait tradeoffs can provide new insig.t into diverg.nce in ecophysiolog.cal strateg.es among.plant functional g.oups. Here, we tested a hypothesis that the differentiation across deciduous, semi-deciduous and everg.een woody species contributes to physiolog.cal trait tradeoffs in a dry-hot valley savanna. We investig.ted 11 photosynthetic, morpholog.cal and hydraulic traits of 24 species including.8 deciduous, 10 semi-deciduous and 6 everg.een species. Deciduous species were g.ouped in the fast and avoidance side associated with hig. values of maximum photosynthetic rates,stomatal conductance and leaf size, while everg.een species were g.ouped in the slow and tolerance side associated with hig. photosynthetic water use efficiency, leaf mass per area, sapwood density, Huber value, leaf water potential at turg.r loss point and water potential causing.50% loss of stem hydraulic conductance. Semideciduous species g.nerally had intermediate trait values and represented different physiolog.cal characteristics when compared to deciduous and everg.een species. The physiolog.cal trait tradeoffs showed a close linkag. to the differentiation of these three leaf habits. Our finding. clearly reveal trait tradeoffs related to fast–slow and avoidance–tolerance strateg.es among.diverse savanna plants, sug.esting.a syndrome in multiple ecophysiolog. strateg.es across different leaf habits.

关键词： Dry-hot habitat g.s exchang. Hydraulics Phenolog. Tolerance Valley savanna

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Land Use Land Cover Analysis for g.davari Basin in Maharashtra Using.g.og.aphical Information System and Remote Sensing

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Journal of g.og.aphic Information System 2024年第1期16卷 21-31页

作者： Pallavi Saraf Dattatray g. Reg.lwar Department of Civil Eng.neering Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University Aurangabad India Department of Civil Eng.neering Government College of Engineering Aurangabad India

The dynamic transformation of land use and land cover has emerg.d as a crucial aspect in the effective manag.ment of natural resources and the continual monitoring.of environmental shifts. This study focused on the land use and land cover (LULC) chang.s within the catchment area of the g.davari River, assessing.the repercussions of land and water resource exploitation. Utilizing.LANDSAT satellite imag.s from 2009, 2014, and 2019, this research employed supervised classification throug. the Quantum g.og.aphic Information System (Qg.S) software’s SCP plug.n. Maximum likelihood classification alg.rithm was used for the assessment of supervised land use classification. Seven distinct LULC classes—forest, irrig.ted cropland, ag.icultural land (fallow), barren land, shrub land, water, and urban land—are delineated for classification purposes. The study revealed substantial chang.s in the g.davari basin’s land use patterns over the ten-year period from 2009 to 2019. Spatial and temporal dynamics of land use/cover chang.s (2009-2019) were quantified using.three Satellite/Landsat imag.s, a supervised classification alg.rithm and the post classification chang. detection technique in g.S. The total study area of the g.davari basin in Maharashtra encompasses 5138175.48 hectares. Notably, the built-up area increased from 0.14% in 2009 to 1.94% in 2019. The proportion of irrig.ted cropland, which was 62.32% in 2009, declined to 41.52% in 2019. Shrub land witnessed a noteworthy increase from 0.05% to 2.05% over the last decade. The key finding. underscored sig.ificant declines in barren land, ag.icultural land, and irrig.ted cropland, juxtaposed with an expansion in forest land, shrub land, and urban land. The classification methodolog. achieved an overall accuracy of 80%, with a Kappa Statistic of 71.9% for the satellite imag.s. The overall classification accuracy along.with the Kappa value for 2009, 2014 and 2019 supervised land use land cover classification was g.od enoug. to detect the chang.ng.scenarios of g.davari River b

关键词： g.S Remote Sensing Land Use Land Cover Chang. Chang. Detection Supervised Classification

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Neuroimag.ng.in atypical normal tension g.aucoma:debating.routine implementation in the absence of classic neurolog.cal finding.

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International Journal of Ophthalmolog.(Eng.ish edition) 2024年第3期17卷 509-517页

作者： Umay g.venç g.lizar Demirok g.ner Üney Selma Uzman Ophthalmolog. Department Ankara Training and Research HospitalAnkara 06230Turkey

●AIM:To assess the necessity of neuroimag.ng.in patients with neurolog.cal or atypical finding. of normal tension g.aucoma(NTg.who do not exhibit typical g.aucoma manifestations.●METHODS:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 90 atypical NTg.patients who underwent cranial mag.etic resonance imag.ng.MRI)due to atypical symptoms.The demog.aphic characteristics,clinical parameters,and radiolog.cal finding. were recorded.●RESULTS:Among.the patients,66.7%had abnormal radiolog. results,with the most common finding. being.g.iosis(34.4%),sequelae of cerebrovascular events and vascular malformations(14.4%),and benig. intracranial mass lesions(11%).Non-g.aucomatous visual field defects were more frequently observed in patients with abnormal neuroimag.ng.results.However,there were no sig.ificant differences in intraocular pressure,optic disc parameters,retinal nerve fiber layer thickness,and visual field indices between patients with normal and abnormal radiolog.cal results.The mean ag. of the patients was 58.74y.Interesting.y,there was a sig.ificant ag. difference,with the abnormal radiolog. g.oup having.a hig.er median ag.(P=0.021).●CONCLUSION:The study hig.lig.ts the importance of cranial imag.ng.in older NTg.patients to detect underlying.patholog.es and prevent misdiag.osis.It sug.ests that neuroimag.ng.may be warranted in NTg.patients with atypical visual field defects incompatible with g.aucoma.However,routine neuroimag.ng.in all NTg.patients without classic neurolog.cal sig.s may not be necessary.

关键词： normal tension g.aucoma neuroimag.ng atypical visual field defects

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