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Current status of intestinal and multivisceral transplantation

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Gastroenterology Report 2017年第1期5卷 20-28,I0001页

作者： Shishira Bharadwaj Parul Tandon Tushar D.Gohel Jill Brown ezra steiger Donald F.Kirby Ajai Khanna Kareem Abu-Elmagd Center for Gut Rehabilitation and Transplantation the Cleveland Clinic FoundationClevelandOHUSA

Clinical-nutritional autonomy is the ultimate goal of patients with intestinal failure(IF).Traditionally,patients with IF have been relegated to lifelong parenteral nutrition(PN)once surgical and medical rehabilitation attempts at intestinal adaptation have *** the past two decades,however,outcome improvements in intestinal transplantation have added another dimension to the therapeutic armamentarium in the field of gut *** has become possible through relentless efforts in the standardization of surgical techniques,advancements in immunosuppressive therapies and induction protocols and improvement in postoperative patient *** types of intestinal transplants include isolated small bowel transplant,liver-small bowel transplant,multivisceral transplant and modified multivisceral *** guidelines restrict intestinal transplantation to patients who have had significant complications from PN including liver failure and repeated *** an experimental stage to the currently established therapeutic modality for patients with advanced IF,outcome improvements have also been possible due to the introduction of tacrolimus in the early *** have shown that intestinal transplant is cost-effective within 1–3 years of graft survival compared with *** survival and quality of life as well as resumption of an oral diet should enable intestinal transplantation to be an important option for patients with IF in addition to continued *** research should focus on detecting biomarkers of early rejection,enhanced immunosuppression protocols,improved postoperative care and early referral to transplant centers.

关键词： intestinal transplant multivisceral transplant parenteral nutrition intestinal failure gut rehabilitation

Apoptotic pathways as a therapeutic target for colorectal cancer treatment

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2016年第8期8卷 583-591页

作者： Aman M Abraha ezra B Ketema Department of Medical Biochemistry College of Health Sciences Mekelle University

Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of death from cancer among adults. The disease begins as a benign adenomatous polyp, which develops into an advanced adenoma with high-grade dysplasia and then progresses to an invasive cancer. Appropriate apoptotic signaling is fundamentally important to preserve a healthy balance between cell death and cell survival and in maintaining genome integrity. Evasion of apoptotic pathway has been established as a prominent hallmark of several cancers. During colorectal cancer development, the balance between the rates of cell growth and apoptosis that maintains intestinal epithelial cell homeostasis gets progressively disturbed. Evidences are increasingly available to support the hypothesis that failure of apoptosis may be an important factor in the evolution of colorectal cancer and its poor response to chemotherapy and radiation. The other reason for targeting apoptotic pathway in the treatment of cancer is based on the observation that this process is deregulated in cancer cells but not in normal cells. As a result, colorectal cancer therapies designed to stimulate apoptosis in target cells would play a critical role in controlling its development and progression. A better understanding of the apoptotic signaling pathways, and the mechanisms by which cancer cells evade apoptotic death might lead to effective therapeutic strategies to inhibit cancer cell proliferation with minimal toxicity and high responses to chemotherapy. In this review, we analyzed the current understanding and future promises of apoptotic pathways as a therapeutic target in colorectal cancer treatment.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Apoptotic pathways Drug resistance Colorectal cancer therapies Apoptosis

Seismic collapse assessment of archetype frames with ductile concrete beam hinges

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Resilient Cities and Structures 2023年第1期2卷 103-119页

作者： Hasan Tariq ezra A.Jampole Matthew J.Bandelt Thornton Tomasetti New YorkNYUSA Buildings and Structures Group ExponentNew YorkNYUSA John A.Reif Jr.Dept.of Civil and Environmental EngineeringNew Jersey Institute of TechnologyNewarkNJUSA

Highly ductile cement-based materials have emerged as alternatives to conventional concrete materials to improve the seismic resistance of reinforced concrete(RC)*** experimental and numerical research on the behavior of individual components has provided signiﬁcant knowledge on element-level response,relatively little is known about how ductile cement-based materials inﬂuence system-level behavior in seismic *** study uses recently developed lumped-plasticity models to simulate the unique failure characteristics and ductility of reinforced ductile-cement-based materials in beam hinges and applies them in the assessment of archetype frame *** story heights(four,eight,and twelve),frame conﬁgurations(perimeter ***),materials(conventional *** concrete),and replacement mechanisms within the beam hinges are considered in the seismic analysis of the archetype *** and comparisons are made in terms of the probability of collapse at 2%in 50-year ground motion,mean annual frequency of collapse,and adjusted collapse margin ratio(ACMR)across archetype *** results show that engineered HPFRCCs in beam plastic-hinge regions can improve the seismic safety of moment frame buildings with higher collapse margin ratios,lower probability of collapse,and the ability to withstand large *** is also reported on how ductile concrete materials can reduce concrete volume and longitudinal reinforcement tonnage across frame conﬁgurations and story heights while maintaining or improving seismic resistance of the structural *** demonstrate future research needs to assess life-cycle costs,predict column hinge behavior,and develop code-based design methods for structural systems using highly ductile concrete materials.

关键词： Lumped-plasticity model Archetype frames HPFRCC Plastic-hinge Collapse assessment Mean annual frequency of collapse

Analysing spatial data performance in inter-organisational processes

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2015年第5期8卷 403-420页

作者： ezra Dessers Glenn Vancauwenberghe Danny Vandenbroucke Joep Crompvoets Geert Van Hootegem Centre for Sociological Research KU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium Spatial Applications Division Leuven KU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium Public Governance Institute KU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium

The use of spatial data has become a key factor in numerous public sector ***,recent evidence suggests that the seemingly obvious benefits of spatial data use and sharing often stay beyond *** paper examines whether the performance of spatial data in inter-organisational processes depends on the structural characteristics of the process *** structure here refers to the way in which tasks are divided and coordinated between the organisations in a process chain,and to the allocation of the spatial data handling tasks in that *** data performance describes the level of access,use and sharing of spatial data in the *** paper presents the results of a comparative case study of interorganisational public sector processes in the fields of urban planning,flood management,population registration,environmental permit delivery and road safety *** findings suggest that spatial data performance in inter-organisational processes depends on the interplay between the structural characteristics of the *** processes with embedded activities that are related to spatial data are apparently linked to a high level of spatial data performance,while fragmented processes without centralised coordination,or processes in which the spatial datarelated activities are separated from the actual process,seem to relate to lower levels of spatial data performance.

关键词： spatial data performance public sector coordination task division

Literature, American style

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Inhibiting cancer cell hallmark features through nuclear export inhibition

作者： ezra Tawil.

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2016年第1期1卷 91-100页

作者： Qingxiang Sun Xueqin Chen Qiao Zhou ezra Burstein Shengyong Yang Da Jia State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy Sichuan UniversityChengduChina Department of Pathology West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina Department of Internal Medicine UT Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTexasUSA Department of Molecular Biology UT Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTexasUSA West China 2nd University Hospital Sichuan UniversityChengduChina

Treating cancer through inhibition of nuclear export is one of the best examples of basic research translation into clinical *** export factor chromosomal region maintenance 1(CRM1;Xpo1 and exportin-1)controls cellular localization and function of numerous proteins that are critical for the development of many cancer *** diverse actions of CRM1 are likely to explain the broad ranging anti-cancer potency of CRM1 inhibitors observed in pre-clinical studies and/or clinical trials(phase I–III)on both advanced-stage solid and hematological *** this review,we compare and contrast the mechanisms of action of different CRM1 inhibitors,and discuss the potential benefit of unexplored non-covalent CRM1 *** emerging field has uncovered that nuclear export inhibition is well poised as an attractive target towards low-toxicity broad-spectrum potent anti-cancer therapy.

关键词： attractive likely benefit

Quarantine,distress and interpersonal relationships during COVID-19

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General Psychiatry 2020年第6期33卷 437-441页

作者： Robin Goodwin Wai Kai HOU Shaojing Sun Menachem Ben-ezra Department of Psychology University of WarwickCoventryUK Department of Psychology The Education University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong Department of Journalism Fudan UniversityShanghaiShanghaiChina Department of Social Work Ariel UniversityArielIsrael

Novel zoonosis COVID-19 first emerged in Wuhan,China,but rapidly spread to the other regions in *** spread of this severe acute respiratory syndrome led to the quarantine of 60 million Chinese *** isolation measures have been associated with increased depression,stress and emotional disturbance.1-3 However,major traumatic events can amplify both positive and negative aspects of interpersonal relations,leading to competing narratives of both harm and enhancem ent.4 Quarantine can create family dependencies,threaten livelihoods and lead to the stigmatisation of those infected/b School closures and disruption of family care seriously disrupt regular domestic practices.

关键词： closure measures Quarantine

Tunable sharp and highly selective microwave-photonic band-pass filters based on stimulated Brillouin scattering

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Photonics Research 2014年第4期2卷 18-25页

作者： Yonatan Stern Kun Zhong Thomas Schneider Ru Zhang Yossef Ben-ezra Moshe Tur Avi Zadok Faculty of Engineering Bar-Ilan UniversityRamat-Gan 5290002Israel Beijing University of Post and Telecommunications Beijing 100876China Institut für Hochfrequenztechnik Hochschule für TelekommunikationD-04277 LeipzigGermany Faculty of Engineering Holon Institute of Technology52 Golomb St.Holon 5810201Israel School of Electrical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringTel-Aviv UniversityTel-Aviv 6997801Israel

Stimulated Brillouin scattering(SBS)in optical fibers has long been used in frequency-selective optical signal processing,including in the realization of microwave-photonic(MWP)*** this work,we report a significant enhancement in the selectivity of SBS-based MWP *** having a single passband of 250 MHz–1 GHz bandwidth are demonstrated,with selectivity of up to 44 *** selectivity of the filters is better than that of the corresponding previous arrangements by about 15 *** shape factor of the filters,defined as the ratio between their−20 dB bandwidth and their−3 dB bandwidth,is between 1.35 and *** central transmission frequency,bandwidth,and spectral shape of the passband are all independently *** enhancement is based on two advances,compared with previous demonstrations of tunable SBS-basedMWPfilters:(a)the polarization attributes of SBS in standard,weakly birefringent fibers are used to discriminate between in-band and out-of-band components and(b)a sharp and uniform power spectral density of the SBS pump waves is synthesized through external modulation of an optical carrier by broadband,frequency-swept *** signal-to-noise ratio of filtered radio-frequency waveforms and the linear dynamic range of the filters are estimated analytically and quantified ***,a figure of merit for the performance of the filters is proposed and *** filters are applicable to radio-over-fiber transmission systems.

关键词： filters scattering polarization

Third-Generation Human Rights＂ A Tragic Illusion

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Journal of Philosophy Study 2012年第9期2卷 664-676页

作者： Ovadia ezra Tel Aviv University

This paper deals with the applicability of human rights in general and of third-generation human right in particular. It offers an explanation of the pathetic status of human rights and suggests an alternative approach towards ＂third-generation＂ human rights, i.e., the rights of communities. It argues that since an immanent dichotomy exists between the political aspect of human rights--the fact that their addressee is the state government--and their universal aspect, i.e., the fact that they belong to everyone and their fulfillment is demanded by international bodies, very often their possessors cannot capitalize them. Third-generation human rights encounter additional problems. Very often their respondent--the state government----cannot comply with their demands, and according to the Kantian principle ＂Ought Implies Can,＂ they should be addressed towards someone who can in fact fulfill them. This article thus suggests addressing third-generation human rights towards the international community. This may exclude them from the current category of human rights, and create the need to establish a new category such as Community Rights. Such classification may bear the advantage of making these rights more applicable and accessible than they are at present.

关键词： human rights rights to self-determination environmental rights claim rights