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NADPH oxidase-1 deficiency offer. little pr.tection in Salmonella typhimur.um-induced typhlitis in mice

Wor.d Jour.al of Gastr.enter.logy 2016年第46期22卷 10158-10165页

作者： Fong-Fong Chu r.steven esworthy James H Dor.show Binghui Shen Depar.ment of Gastr.enter.logy and Hepatology The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology Depar.ment of Cancer.Genetics and Epigenetics Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope Center.for.Cancer.r.sear.h and Division of Cancer.Tr.atment and Diagnosis National Cancer Institute

AIM To test whether.Nox1 plays a r.le in typhlitis induced by Salmonella enter.ca ser.var.Typhimur.um(S. Tm) in a mouse *** Eight-week-old male wild-type(WT) and Nox1 knockout(KO) C57BL6/J(B6) mice wer. administer.d metr.nidazole water.for.4 d to make them susceptible to S. Tm infection by the or.l r.ute. The mice wer. given plain water.and administer.d with 4 differ.nt doses of S. Tm by or.l gavage. The mice wer. followed for.another.4 d. Fr.m the time of the metr.nidazole application, the mice wer. obser.ed twice daily and weighed daily. The ileum, cecum and colon wer. r.moved for.sampling at the four.h day post-inoculation. Por.ions of all thr.e tissues wer. fixed for.histology and placed in r.Alater.for.m r.A/c DNA pr.par.tion and quantitative r.al-time PCr. The contents of the cecum wer. r.cover.d for.estimation of S. Tm *** We found Nox1-knockout(Nox1-KO) mice wer. not mor. sensitive to S. Tm colonization and infection than WT B6 mice. This conclusion is based on the following obser.ations:(1) S. Tm-infection induced similar.weight loss in Nox1-KO mice compar.d to WT mice;(2) the same S. Tm CFU was r.cover.d fr.m the cecal content of Nox1-KO and WT mice r.gar.less of the inoculation dose, except the lowest inoculation dose(2 × 106 CFU) for.which the Nox1-KO had one-log lower.CFU than WT mice;(3) ther. is no differ.nce in cecal pathology between WT and Nox1-KO gr.ups; and(4) ther. ar. no S. Tm infection-induced changes in gene expr.ssion levels(IL-1b, TNF-α, and Duox2) between WT and Nox1-KO gr.ups. The Alpi gene expr.ssion was mor. suppr.ssed by S. Tm tr.atment in WT than the Nox1-KO cecum. CONCLUSION Nox1 does not pr.tect mice fr.m S. Tm colonization. Nox1-KO pr.vides a ver. minor.pr.tective effect against S. Tm infection. Using NOX1-specific inhibitor. for.colitis ther.py should not incr.ase r.sks in bacter.al infection.

关键词： Knockout mouse NADPH Oxidase-1 Salmonella typhimur.um Goblet cells r.active oxygen species

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Str.ctur.-specific nucleases in genome dynamics and str.tegies for.tar.eting cancer.

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Jour.al of Molecular.Cell Biology 2024年第5期16卷 3-18页

作者： Haitao Sun Megan Luo Mian Zhou Li Zheng Hongzhi Li r.steven esworthy Binghui Shen Medicinal Plant r.sour.es and Pr.tection r.sear.h Center Institute of Medicinal Plant DevelopmentChinese Academy of Medical SciencesPeking Union Medical CollegeBeĳing 100193China Depar.ment of Cancer.Genetics and Epigenetics Beckman Research Institute of City of HopeDuarteCA 91010USA Depar.ment of Molecular.and Cell Biology University of CaliforniaBerkeleyBerkeleyCA 94720USA

Nucleases ar. a super.family of enzymes that hydr.lyze phosphodiester.bonds pr.sent in *** widely var. in substr.tes,causing differ.ntiation in cleavage patter.s and having a diver.ified r.le in maintaining genetic *** cellular.evolution of pr.kar.otic to eukar.otic,nucleases become str.ctur.-specific in r.cognizing its own or.for.ign genomic DNA/r.A configur.tions as its substr.tes,including flaps,bubbles,and Holliday *** special str.ctur.l configur.tions ar. commonly found as inter.ediates in pr.cesses like DNA r.plication,r.pair.and *** str.ctur.-specific natur. and diver.ified functions make them essential to maintaining genome integr.ty and evolution in nor.al and cancer.*** this ar.icle,we r.view their.r.les in var.ous pathways,including Okazaki fr.gment matur.tion dur.ng DNA r.plication,end r.section in homology-dir.cted r.combination r.pair.of DNA double-str.nd br.aks,DNA excision r.pair.and apoptosis DNA fr.gmentation in r.sponse to exogenous DNA damage,and HIV life *** the nucleases ser.e as key points for.the DNA dynamics,cellular.apoptosis,and cancer.cell sur.ival pathways,we discuss the effor.s in the field in developing the ther.peutic r.gimens,taking advantage of r.cently available knowledge of their.diver.ified str.ctur.s and functions.

关键词： str.ctur.-specific nucleases DNA r.plication nuclease inhibitor. synthetic lethality

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Oligodendr.glial heter.geneity in health,disease,and r.cover.:deeper.insights into myelin dynamics

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Neur.l r.gener.tion r.sear.h 2025年第11期20卷 3179-3192页

作者： Pieter.Jan Ser.eels Julie D.De Schutter.Lies De Gr.ef Lieve Moons steven Ber.mans KU Leuven Leuven Brain InstituteDepartment of BiologyAnimal Physiology and Neurobiology DivisionNeural Circuit Development&Regeneration Research GroupLeuvenBelgium KU Leuven Leuven Brain InstituteDepartment of BiologyAnimal Physiology and Neurobiology DivisionCellular Communication&Neurodegeneration Research GroupLeuvenBelgium

Decades of r.sear.h asser.ed that the oligodendr.glial lineage compr.ses two cell types:oligodendr.cyte pr.cur.or.cells and ***,r.cent studies employing single-cell r.A sequencing techniques have uncover.d novel cell states,pr.mpting a r.vision of the existing *** for.ar.,the oligodendr.glial lineage should be delineated into five distinct cell states:oligodendr.cyte pr.cur.or.cells,committed oligodendr.cyte pr.cur.or.cells,newly for.ed oligodendr.cytes,myelin-for.ing oligodendr.cytes,and matur. *** new classification system enables a deeper.under.tanding of the oligodendr.glia in both physiological and pathological *** this unifor. ter.inology will facilitate compar.son and integr.tion of data acr.ss ***,including the consolidation of findings fr.m var.ous demyelinating models,is essential to better.under.tand the pathogenesis of demyelinating ***,compar.ng injur. models acr.ss species with var.ing r.gener.tive capacities can pr.vide insights that may lead to new ther.peutic str.tegies to over.ome r.myelination ***,by standar.izing ter.inology and synthesizing data fr.m diver.e studies acr.ss differ.nt animal models,we can enhance our.under.tanding of myelin pathology in centr.l ner.ous system disor.er. such as multiple scler.sis,Alzheimer.s disease,and amyotr.phic later.l scler.sis,all of which involve oligodendr.glial and myelin dysfunction.

关键词： animal models demyelination fish mammals multiple scler.sis myelin neur.degener.tion oligodendr.cytes oligodendr.glial lineage r.myelination

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r.dent biology and ecologically based r.dent management(EBr.)-25 year. of pr.gr.ss thr.ugh pr.moting multidisciplinar. r.sear.h

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Integr.tive Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 2-7页

作者： Gr.nt r. SINGLETON Lyn A. HINDS r.odes MAKUNDI steven r. BELMAIN Natur.l r.sour.es Institute University of Greenwich Kent UK CSIr. Health and Biosecur.ty Canberra ACT Australia Afr.can Centr. of Excellence for.Innovative r.dent Pest Management and Biosensor.Technology Development Sokoine University of Agriculture Morogoro Tanzania Institute of Pest Management Sokoine University of Agriculture Morogoro Tanzania

“Dur.ng r.dent outbr.ak year. in easter. Afr.ca,lo-cally,mor. than 80%of the potential har.est may be lost,but even in non-outbr.ak per.ods,r.dents cause chr.nic damage to cr.ps….The pest r.dent stor. in Afr.ca in-volves sever.l species embedded in a br.ad and var.able landscape with highly var.able densities.”(Leir. et al.2010).

关键词： damage cr.ps

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The fir.t discover. of Eucommia fr.it fossil in China

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第16期44卷 1506-1508页

作者： Baoyin Geng steven r. Manchester.Anming Lu Chinese Acad Sci Inst Bot Ctr Studies Systemat & Evolut Bot Beijing 100093 Peoples R China Univ Flor.da Florida Museum Nat Hist Gainesville FL 32611 USA

A fr.it of Eucommia has been r.cover.d fr.m the Eocene of Fushun, Liaoning Pr.vince. This r.pr.sents the only confir.ed occur.ence of fr.its of this genus in the paleobotanical r.cor. of China. Although Eucommia is endemic to centr.l China today, the genus was mor. widespr.ad in the Nor.her. Hemispher. dur.ng the Ter.iar.. The fossil speci-

关键词： Eucommia fr.it fossil Eocene fir.t discover..

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Compar.ng outcomes fr.m the two most r.cognized acupunctur.st wor.for.e sur.eys

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Jour.al of Integr.tive Medicine 2017年第1期15卷 37-43页

作者： steven H. Stumpf Kor. War.-Cook Cliffor. r. Car. Health Administr.tion Pr.gr.m California State University at NorthridgeNorthridgeCalifornia 91330USA National Cer.ification Commission of Acupunctur. and Or.ental Medicine JacksonvilleFlorida 32202USA Cliffor. r.Car. 1743 PenmarAvenue#3VeniceCalifornia 90291USA

OBJECTIVE： To deter.ine the infor.ational consistency pr.duced by the two most r.cent independent sur.eys and dr.w a conclusion whether.the data would be sufficient for.the National Center.for.Health Wor.for.e Analysis and Bur.au of Labor.and Statistics consider.tion. METHODS： This paper.compar.s wor.for.e outcomes collected by the two most pr.minent acupunctur. entities that have pr.duced the most useful acupunctur.st wor.for.e data （Califor.ia Acupunctur. Boar. 2015 Occupational Analysis and the National Cer.ification Commission of Acupunctur. and Or.ental Medicine^2013 Job Analysis） at national and state levels. r.SULTS： Findings based upon the most compatible sur.ey questions showed the following： mor. than 70% of acupunctur.sts wor. fewer.than 40 hour. weekly; appr.ximately 76% wor. in solo pr.ctice or.in shar.d space with other.acupunctur.sts; mor. than 70% of the national sample have been in pr.ctice 15 year. or.less; and median income is between $40 000 and $50 000. A pr.ponder.nce of acupunctur.sts is less than 50 year. of age, and fewer.than 15% of all r.spondents have been in pr.ctice mor. than 20 year.. CONCLUSION： Basic wor.for.e infor.ation is a necessar. pr.cur.or.for.conducting wor.for.e pr.jections. It is useful to tr.ck the expansion or.contr.ction of any given pr.fession. Tr.cking influences subsequent planning for.the pr.fession based upon r.liable and valid infor.ation about its gr.wth. The ability of the pr.fession to collect its own wor.for.e data is par.mount to wor.for.e pr.jection models. Any futur. sur.ey should be a shar.d pr.ject that follows guidelines suppor.ed by the National Center.for.Health Wor.for.e Analysis.

关键词： acupunctur. wor.for.e sur.ey outcome assessment (health car.) income

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Genetic var.ability of the stable fly assessed on a global scale using amplified fr.gment length polymor.hism

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Insect Science 2016年第5期23卷 695-703页

作者： Kathleen M Kneeland steven r. Skoda John E. Foster Depar.ment of Entomology 103 Entomology Haft University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE 68583 USDA-Ar.-KBUSLIr. Scr.wwor. r.sear.h Unit 2700 Fredericksburg Road Kern/ille TX 78028 USA

The stable fly, Stomoxys calcitr.ns （L.）（Dipter.： Muscidae）, is a blood-feeding, economically impor.ant pest of animals and humans wor.dwide. Impr.ved management str.tegies ar. essential and their.development would benefit fr.m studies on genetic di- ver.ity of stable flies. Especially if done on a global scale, such r.sear.h could gener.te infor.ation necessar. for.the development and application of mor. efficient contr.l meth- ods. Her.in we r.por. on a genetic study of stable flies using amplified fr.gment length polymor.hism, with samples of 10-40 individuals acquir.d fr.m a total of 25 locations in the Near.tic, Neotr.pic, Palear.tic, Afr.tr.pic and Austr.lasian biogeogr.phical r.gions. We hypothesized that genetic differ.ntiation would exist acr.ss geogr.phical bar.ier.. Although Fsx （0.33） was moder.tely high, the Gsx （0.05; r.pr.senting genetic diver.ity between individuals） was ver. low; Nm values （r.pr.senting gene flow） wer. high （9.36）. The mismatch distr.bution and tests of neutr.lity suggested population expansion, with no genetic differ.ntiation between locations. The analysis of molecular.var.ance （AMOVA） r.sults showed the major.ty of genetic diver.ity was within gr.ups. The mantel test showed no cor.elation between geogr.phic and genetic distance; this str.ngly suppor.s the AMOVA r.sults. These r.sults suggest that stable flies did not show genetic differ.ntiation but ar. panmictic, with no evidence of isolation by distance or.acr.ss geogr.phical bar.ier..

关键词： AFLP biting flies exter.al par.sites genetic diver.ity livestock pests Stomoxys calcitr.ns

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r.al-Time Optimal r.ach-Postur. Pr.diction in a New Inter.ctive Vir.ual Envir.nment

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Jour.al of Computer.Science & Technology 2006年第2期21卷 189-198页

作者：杨景周 r. Timothy Mar.er.steven Beck Kar.m Abdel-Malek Joo Kim US Ar.y Vir.ual Soldier.r.sear.h (VSr. Pr.gr.m Center for Computer-Aided Design The University of Iowa 111 Engineering Research Facility Iowa City IA 52242-1000 U.S.A.

Human postur. pr.diction is a key factor.for.the design and evaluation of wor.spaces, in a vir.ual envir.nment using vir.ual humans. This wor. pr.sents a new inter.ace and vir.ual envir.nment for.the dir.ct human optimized postur. pr.diction （D-HOPP） appr.ach to pr.dicting r.alistic r.ach postur.s of digital humans, wher. r.ach postur.s entail the use of the tor.o, ar.s, and neck. D-HOPP is based on the contention wher. depending on what type of task is being completed, and human postur. is gover.ed by differ.nt human per.or.ance measur.s. A human per.or.ance measur. is a physics-based metr.c, such as ener.y or.discomfor., and ser.es as an objective function in an optimization for.ulation. The pr.blem is for.ulated as a single-objective optimization （SO0） pr.blem with a single per.or.ance measur. and as multiobjective-optimization （MOO） pr.blem with multiple combined per.or.ance measur.s. We use joint displacement, change in potential ener.y, and musculoskeletal discomfor. as per.or.ance measur.s. D-HOPP is equipped with an extensive yet intuitive user.inter.ace, and the r.sults ar. pr.sented in an inter.ctive vir.ual envir.nment.

关键词： r.ach postur. pr.diction MOO human modeling and simulation vir.ual envir.nment

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Scales of snow depth var.ability in high elevation r.ngeland sagebr.sh

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Fr.ntier. of Ear.h Science 2017年第3期11卷 469-481页

作者： Molly E. TEDESCHE steven r. FASSNACHT Paul J. MEIMAN Water.hed Science Department of Ecosystem Science and Sustainability Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80523-1476 USA Intemational Ar.tic r.sear.h Center Water & Environmental Research Center Institute of Northern Engineering University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks AK 99775 USA Cooper.tive Institute for.r.sear.h in the Atmospher. Fort Collins CO 80523-1375 USA Natur.l r.sour.es Ecology Labor.tor. Fort Collins CO 80523-1499 USA Abt. Kar.ogr.phie GIS & Femerkundung Geographisches Institut Georg-August-Universitat Gottingen 37077 Gottingen Germany r.ngeland Ecosystem Science Department of Forest and Rangeland Stewardship Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80523 USA

In high elevation semi-ar.d r.ngelands, sage- br.sh and other.shr.bs can affect tr.nspor. and deposition of wind-blown snow, enabling the for.ation of snowdr.fts. Datasets fr.m thr.e field exper.ments wer. used to investigate the scales of spatial var.ability of snow depth ar.und big mountain sagebr.sh （Ar.emisia tr.dentata Nutt.） at a high elevation plateau r.ngeland in Nor.h Par., Color.do, dur.ng the winter. of 2002, 2003, and 2008. Data wer. collected at multiple r.solutions （0.05 to 25 m） and extents （2 to 1000 m）. Finer.scale data wer. collected specifically for.this study to examine the cor.elation between snow depth; sagebr.sh micr.topogr.- phy, the gr.und sur.ace, and the snow sur.ace, as well as the tempor.l consistency of snow depth patter.s. Var.o- gr.ms wer. used to identify the spatial str.ctur. and the Mor.n＇s I statistic was used to deter.ine the spatial cor.elation. r.sults show some tempor.l consistency in snow depth at sever.l scales. Plot scale snow depth var.ability is par.ly a function of the natur. of individual shr.bs, as ther. is some cor.elation between the spatial str.ctur. of snow depth and sagebr.sh, as well as between the gr.und and snow depth. The optimal sampling r.solution appear. to be 25-cm, but over.a lar.e ar.a, this would r.quir. a multitude of samples, and thus a r.ndom str.tified appr.ach is r.commended with a fine measur.ment r.solution of 5-cm.

关键词： snow hydr.logy high elevation r.ngelands,spatial statistics var.ogr.ms snow pack spatial var.ability,snow dr.fts

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Or.l micr.biome: possible har.inger.for.childr.n’s health

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Inter.ational Jour.al of Or.l Science 2020年第2期12卷 89-101页

作者： Jin Xiao Kevin A.Fiscella steven r.Gill Eastman Institute for.Or.l Health University of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNYUSA Depar.ment of Family Medicine University of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNYUSA Depar.ment of Micr.biology and Immunology University of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNYUSA Genomics r.sear.h Center University of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNYUSA

The human micr.biome functions as an intr.cate and coor.inated micr.bial networ.,r.siding thr.ughout the mucosal sur.aces of the skin,or.l cavity,gastr.intestinal tr.ct,r.spir.tor. tr.ct,and r.pr.ductive *** or.l micr.biome encompasses a highly diver.e micr.biota,consisting of over.700 micr.or.anisms,including bacter.a,fungi,and *** our.under.tanding of the r.lationship between the or.l micr.biome and human health has evolved,we have identified a diver.e ar.ay of or.l and systemic diseases associated with this micr.bial community,including but not limited to car.es,per.odontal diseases,or.l cancer.color.ctal cancer.pancr.atic cancer.and inflammator. bowel *** potential pr.dictive r.lationship between the or.l micr.biota and these human diseases suggests that the or.l cavity is an ideal site for.disease diagnosis and development of r.pid point-of-car. *** or.l cavity is easily accessible with a non-invasive collection of biological *** can envision a futur. wher. ear.y life salivar. diagnostic tools will be used to pr.dict and pr.vent futur. disease via analyzing and shaping the infant’s or.l *** this r.view,we pr.sent evidence for.the establishment of the or.l micr.biome dur.ng ear.y childhood,the capability of using childhood or.l micr.biome to pr.dict futur. or.l and systemic diseases,and the limitations of the cur.ent evidence.

关键词： diagnosis salivar. biome

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