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Combined use of lactoferrin and vitamin D as a preventive and therapeutic supplement for SARS-CoV-2 infection: Current evidence

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第32期10卷 11665-11670页

作者： Massimiliano Cipriano enzo Ruberti Marcos Roberto Tovani-Palone Department of Laparoscopic Surgery Umberto I General HospitalMedical School Sapienza UniversityRome 161Italy Department of Human Neuroscience Sapienza University of RomeRome 00185Italy Department of Research Analytics Saveetha Dental College and HospitalsSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical SciencesChennai 600077India

Lactoferrin is a multifunctional protein that exhibits anti-inflammatory,immune regulating and anti-infective *** of its receptor sites is located on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus *** binding of lactoferrin with heparin sulfate proteoglycans may prevent the first contact between the virus and host cells,thus preventing subsequent *** that lactoferrin may act as a natural mucosal barrier,an intranasal treatment together with its oral intake can be hypothesized to prevent the spread,infection and inflammation caused by coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).Moreover,the literature reports that vitamin D plays an essential role in promoting immune *** its antiinflammatory and immunoregulatory properties,vitamin D is critical for activating the immune system’s defenses,improving immune cell *** studies also demonstrate that lactoferrin is a potential activator of the vitamin D *** this sense,the combined use of lactoferrin(through an association of oral intake and a nasal spray formulation)and vitamin D could represent a valuable therapy for COVID-19 treatment and ***,further randomized clinical trials are needed before recommending/prescribing them.

关键词： Lactoferrin Vitamin D SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Pandemics

Magnitude of the contralateral efferent olivocochlear effect as a function of the frequency

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Journal of Otology 2022年第2期17卷 67-71页

作者： Fernanda Anza Miranda enzo Aguilar-Vidal Laboratorio de Audiología y Percepcion Auditiva Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de ChileChile Escuela de Tecnología Medica Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de ChileChile Departamento de Tecnología Medica Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de ChileChile

Background:The activation of the medial olivocochlear reflex reduces the cochlear gain,which is manifested perceptually as decreased auditory ***,it has remained unclear whether the extent of this suppression varies according to the cochlear region *** we aims to assess the magnitude of contralateral efferent suppression across human cochlea,at low levels,and its impact on hearing ***:Assuming that acoustic stimulation activates the contralateral medial olivocochlear reflex,we evaluated the magnitude of the suppressive effect as a function of frequency in 17 subjects with normal *** thresholds were measured for bursts tones of various durations(10,100,and 500 ms)and frequencies(250,500,1000,4000,and 8000 Hz)in the presence or absence of contralateral white noise at 60 d B ***:We found that contralateral noise raised the absolute threshold for the burst tones *** effect was greater at lower than higher frequencies(3.85 d B at 250 Hz vs.2.22 d B at 8000 Hz).Conclusions:Our findings suggest that in humans,the magnitude of this suppression varies according to the cochlear region stimulated,with a greater effect towards the apex(lower frequencies)than the base(higher frequencies)of the cochlea.

关键词： Auditory perception Efferent system Medial olivocochlear reflex Absolute threshold

Discussion 2 on "Introspection on improper seismic retrofit of Basilica Santa Maria di Collemaggio after 2009 Italian earthquake" by ***,*** and *** Stefano

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2012年第2期11卷 289-290页

作者： enzo Cartapati Department of Structural & Geotechnical Engineering(DISG) University of Rome 'La Sapienza'RomeItaly

This discussion will address two aspects found in the paper:lack of proper information and some mistakes. Lack of proper information In Section 2 of the paper,a short review of the seismic events suffered by the Basilica and of the interventions of reconstruction which have followed is presented,but the main effects of these events are not

关键词： by G.P.Cimellaro,A.M.Reinhorn and A.De Stefano Discussion 2 on De

A geomorphological model of susceptibility to the effect of human interventions for environmental licensing determination(SHIELD)

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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第2期13卷 284-294页

作者： Cristina I.Pereira Celene B.Milanes Ivan Correa enzo Pranzini Benjamin Cuker Camilo M.Botero EAFIT University Earth Sciences DepartmentMedellínColombia Coastal Systems Research Group Playas Corporation Ltda.BogotáColombia Civil and Environmental Department Universidad De La CostaBarranquillaColombia Department of Earth Sciences University of FlorenceFirenzeItaly Department of Marine and Environmental Science Hampton UniversityHamptonUnited States University Sergio Arboleda School of LawSanta

Almost every country requires some form of environmental licensing prior to the inception of development projects that may affect the integrity of the environment and its social *** developed a new conceptual and methodological model to instruct the assessment of the potential impacts posed by proposed *** to Human Interventions for Environmental Licensing Determination(SHIELD)includes a novel geomorphological interpretation of the Environmental Impact Assessment(EIA).It considers the impact of human interventions on geomorphological processes and landscape functioning in the context of the entire ecosystem,going further than the classical concept of *** susceptibility of the site informs the screening stage,allowing local conditions to help define the criteria used in the ***,the level of detail of the environmental baseline is scoped by considering the degree of disturbance of natural processes posed by human *** this geomorphological susceptibility model on different kinds of environments would allow shifting the environmental licensing practices from the prevailing anthropocentric and static conception of the environment towards an Ecosystem *** addresses the need to improve the screening and scoping stages that form the basis of the rest of any *** introduces several innovations to EIA including the incorporation of fuzzy logic,a preassembled database of contributions form experts,and a shifting of emphasis from the type of proposed intervention to the type of environment and its relative susceptibility.

关键词： Processes and landforms Expert knowledge Ecosystem approach Screening Scoping

Subclinical hearing loss associated with aging

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Journal of Otology 2023年第3期18卷 111-117页

作者： Cristian Aedo-Sanchez Jose Oliveros Constanza Aranguiz Camila Munoz Claudia Lazo-Maturana enzo Aguilar-Vidal Departamento de Tecnología Médica Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de ChileChile Escuela de Tecnología Médica Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de ChileChile

Objective:Contribute to clarifying the existence of subclinical hearing deficits associated with ***:In this work,we study and compare the auditory perceptual and electrophysiological performance of normal-hearing young and adult subjects(tonal audiometry,high-frequency tone threshold,a triplet of digits in noise,and click-evoked auditory brainstem response).Study sample:45 normal hearing volunteers were evaluated and divided into two groups according to age.27 subjects were included in the“young group”(mean 22.1 years),and 18 subjects(mean 42.22 years)were included in the“adult group.”Results:In the perceptual tests,the adult group presented significantly worse tonal thresholds in the high frequencies(12 and 16 kHz)and worse performance in the digit triplet tests in *** the electrophysiological test using the auditory brainstem response technique,the adult group presented significantly lower I and V wave amplitudes and higher V wave latencies at the supra-threshold *** the threshold level,we observed a significantly higher latency in wave V in the adult *** addition,in the partial correlation analysis,controlling for the hearing level,we observed a relationship(negative)between age and speech in noise performance and high-frequency *** significant association was observed between age and the auditory brainstem ***:The results are compatible with subclinical hearing loss associated with aging.

关键词： Age-related hearing loss Cochlear synaptopathy Auditory electrophysiology Speech perception Aging

Optimization of the pharmacological therapy in patients with polyvascular disease: A multidisciplinary approach

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World Journal of Cardiology 2023年第4期15卷 142-153页

作者： Rocco Gioscia Claudio Castagno Monica Verdoia Barbara Conti enzo Forliti Andrea Rognoni Department of Cardiology Nuovo Ospedale Degli InfermiBiella 13900Italy Department of Vascular Surgery Nuovo Ospedale Degli InfermiBiella 13900Italy

The recent shift of the concept of cardiovascular disease as a chronic progressive condition,potentially involving multiple districts,has driven attention to the optimal management of patients with concomitant coronary and peripheral artery disease,representing a subset of patients with an increased risk of events and impaired *** pharmacological achievements in terms of antithrombotic therapy and lipid-lowering drugs allow multiple therapeutical combinations,thus requiring optimizing the treatment in a tailored fashion according to patients’risk ***,data dedicated to this specific subset of patients are still *** summarize currently available strategies and indications for the management of antithrombotic and lipid-lowering drugs in patients with the poly-vascular disease.

关键词： Poly-vascular disease Coronary artery disease Atherosclerosis Antitrombotic therapy Cholesterol Statins PCSK9

A Grain of Dust Falling Through a Sierpinski Gasket

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2007年第6期23卷 1095-1108页

作者： Samantha LEORATO enzo ORSINGHER Dipartimento di Statistica Probabilitd e Statistiche ApplicateUniversity of Rome "La Sapienza"P.le A.Moro5-00185 RomaItaly

In this paper we analyze the downward random motion of a particle in a vertical, bounded, Sierpinski gasket G, where at each layer either absorption or delays are considered. In the case of motion with absorption the explicit distribution of the position of the descending particle in the pre-gasket Gn is obtained and the limiting case of the Sierpinski gasket discussed. For the delayed downward motion we derive a representation of the random time needed to arrive at the base of Gn in terms of independent binomial random variables （containing the contribution of delays at different layers with different geometrical structures）.

关键词： Binomial random variables fractals Hausdorff dimension random walks self-similarity

Rifabutin as salvage therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication:Cornerstones and novelties

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第45期28卷 6356-6362页

作者： Antonia Valeria Borraccino Francesca Celiberto Maria Pricci Bruna Girardi Andrea Iannone Maria Rendina enzo Ierardi Alfredo Di Leo Giuseppe Losurdo Section of Gastroenterology Department of Emergency and Organ TransplantationUniversity of BariBari 70124Italy THD SpA Correggio 42015Italy

When several Helicobacter pylori eradication treatments fail,guidelines recommend a cultured guided approach;however,culture is not widely ***,a rifabutin based regimen could be the best *** indeed shows a low rate of antibiotic *** is generally used in combination with amoxicillin in a triple therapy,with eradication rates about 80%in third-line *** ideal duration of this therapy should range between 10 and 12 *** with antibiotics other than amoxicillin have demonstrated even better results,such as vonoprazan,which is a type of novel acid suppressor ***,a new formulation of triple therapy in a single capsule is under investigation,which is a field that deserves further *** notes of caution about rifabutin should be *** drug is used to treat tuberculosis or atypical mycobacteria;therefore,before starting a rifabutin-based eradication regimen,Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection should be thoroughly tested,since its use could promote the development of antibiotic resistance,thus affecting its effectiveness against Koch’s ***,some serious side effects must be evaluated before starting any rifabutin-based *** effects include fever,nausea,vomiting and bone marrow *** this reason,full blood count surveillance is required.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Eradication Rifabutin Antibiotic resistance Rescue therapy Treatment

Generation and Disruption of Subducted Lithosphere in the Central-Western Mediterranean Region and Time-Space Distribution of Magmatic Activity Since the Late Miocene

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International Journal of Geosciences 2022年第9期13卷 830-854页

作者： enzo Mantovani Marcello Viti Caterina Tamburelli Daniele Babbucci Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche Della Terra e dell’Ambiente Università di Siena Siena Italy

The long migration of the Balearic Arc (Alpine-Apennine and Alpine-Maghrebian belts) in the Early-Middle Miocene caused the formation of a subducted lithospheric edifice in the western and central Mediterranean regions. Then, since the Late Miocene, this slab was almost completely disrupted, only maintaining a narrow and deformed remnant beneath the southernmost Tyrrhenian basin. This work describes a tentative reconstruction of the tectonic processes that caused the formation of major tears and breakoffs in the original slabs and the consequent disruption of the subducted lithosphere. In particular, it is suggested that this relatively fast process was produced by the collision between the Anatolian-Aegean system and the continental Adriatic domain, which triggered a number of extrusion processes. Possible connections between the proposed tectonic evolution and the spatio-temporal distribution and geochemical signatures of magmatic activity are then discussed. It is supposed that such activity has been mainly conditioned by the occurrence of transtensional tectonics in the wake of escaping orogenic wedges.

关键词： Deep Tectonics Slab Tears and Slab Breakoffs Magmatism Central-Western Mediterranean