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Potato aphid Macrosiphum euphorbiae performance is determined by aphid genotype and not mycorrhizal fungi or water availability

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Insect Science 2017年第6期24卷 1015-1024页

作者： Alison Jane Karley Matthew Emslie-Smith Alison elizabeth Bennett Ecological Sciences The James Hutton Institute Invergowrie Dundee UK School of Biology University of St. Andrews St Andrews UK

Intra- and interspecific variation in plant and insect traits can alter the strength and direction of insect-plant interactions, with outcomes modified by soil biotic and abiotic conditions. We used the potato aphid （Macrosiphum euphorbiae Thomas） feeding on cultivated Solanum tuberosum and wild Solanurn berthaulti to study the impact of water availability and plant mutualistic arbuscular mycorrhizal （AM） fungi on aphid performance and susceptibility to a parasitoid wasp （Aphidius ervi Haliday）. Plants were grown under glass with live or sterile AM fungal spores and supplied with sufficient or reduced water supply. Plants were infested with 1 of 3 genotypes ofM. euphorbiae or maintained as aphidfree controls; aphid abundance was scored after 1 week, after which aphid susceptibility to A. ervi was assayed explanta. Solarium tuberosum accumulated c. 20% more dry mass than S. berthaultii, and root mass of S. berthaultii was smallest under reduced water supply in the presence of AM fungi. Aphid abundance was lowest on S. berthaultii and highest for genotype ＂2＂ aphids; genotype ＂1＂ aphid density was particularly reduced on S. berthaultii. Aphid genotype ＂1＂ exhibited low susceptibility to parasitism and was attacked less frequently than the other two more susceptible aphid genotypes. Neither AM fungi nor water availability affected insect performance. Our study suggests a fitness trade-offin M. euphorbiae between parasitism resistance and aphid performance on poor quality Solarium hosts that warrants further exploration, and indicates the importance of accounting for genotype identity in determining the outcome of multitrophic interactions.

关键词： Aphidius ervi arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi multitrophic interaction parasitism resistance Solanum spp.

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Promoting climate change Havens in the United States and Globally for Migrating Populations

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2023年第9期14卷 761-780页

作者： elizabeth c. Hirschman Olivia Toomer Department of Business and Economics University of Virginia Wise USA

Appalachia has been identified as the largest climate change Haven in the continental United States and could serve as a refuge for millions of persons. This research presents a marketing plan for promoting migration to the Appalachian Region using advertising and a website that communicates the desirable qualities of the area. communications will first be directed toward the current residents of Appalachia (the Internal Market) in order to create enthusiasm for welcoming new arrivals. Then, promotional messages will be sent to prospective migrants seeking to escape the negative effects of climate change in the Southeast and Southwest of the United States and globally (the External Market). The approach used here may be applicable to climate change Havens across the globe.

关键词： climate change Havens Appalachia climate change Migration Economic Rejuvenation Promotional Websites

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Screening and molecular characterization of Serratia marcescens VITSD2： A strain producing optimum serratiopeptidase

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Frontiers in Biology 2013年第6期8卷 632-639页

作者： c. Subathra DEVI Renuka elizabeth JOSEPH Harini SARAVANAN S. Jemimah NAINE V. Mohana SRINIVANSAN School of Biosciences and Technology VIT University VeIlore Tamil Nadu India

The current work was attempted to isolate and characterize the serratiopeptidase producing Serratia sp. Among the 10 bacterial isolates 7 strains were identified as Serratia sp. Out of 7 strains one showed potent proteolytic activity and selected for further studies. Based on the morphological, biochemical and molecular characterization, the potent isolate （RH03） was identified as Serratia marcescens （GenBank accession number： Kc961637） and the strain was designated as Serratia marcescens VITSD2. The production of serratiopeptidase was carried out in trypticase soya broth and the enzyme was partially purified using ammonium sulfate precipitation and dialysis. The specific activity was determined by casein hydrolysis assay and was found to be 12.00, 21.33, and 25.40 units/rag for crude, precipitated and dialysed samples. The molecular weight of the protease was determined by SDS-PAGE and it was found to be 50 kDa. The antibacterial activity of the produced serratiopeptidase showed moderate activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa MTcc No. 4676 （12 mm） and Escherichia coli MTcc No. 1588 （15 mm）.

关键词： Serratiopeptidase Serratia marcescens VITSD2 antibacterial activity

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Managing Student Protest in Republican china： Yenching and St. John＇s compared

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Frontiers of History in china 2013年第1期8卷 3-31页

作者： elizabeth J. Perry Department of Government Harvard University Cambridge MA 02138 USA

Although similar in many respects, the two major christian universities in Republican china adopted markedly different approaches to the common challenge of student nationalism. case studies of the May Thirtieth Movement at St. John＇s University and the December Ninth Movement at Yenching University illustrate the consequences of these sharply contrasting experiences. Whereas St. John＇s was crippled by May Thirtieth, Yenching escaped December Ninth relatively unscathed. The explanation for the contrast, this paper suggests, lies not in any fundamental disagreement in the mission of the two universities or the philosophies of their famous and forceful presidents. It must be sought instead in the different campus cultures in which the student protests originated, and in the urban micro-environments in which the two universities were located： treaty-port Shanghai and post-imperial Peking.

关键词： student protest nationalism christian universities higher education

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continuous roll-to-roll patterning of three-dimensional periodic nanostructures

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2020年第1期6卷 1067-1077页

作者： I-Te chen elizabeth Schappell Xiaolong Zhang chih-Hao chang Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA

In this work,we introduce a roll-to-roll system that can continuously print three-dimensional(3D)periodic nanostructures over large *** approach is based on Langmuir-Blodgett assembly of colloidal nanospheres,which diffract normal incident light to create a complex intensity pattern for near-field *** geometry of the 3D nanostructure is defined by the Talbot effect and can be precisely designed by tuning the ratio of the nanosphere diameter to the exposure *** this system,we have demonstrated patterning of 3D photonic crystals with a 500 nm period on a 50×200 mm^(2) flexible substrate,with a system throughput of 3mm/*** patterning yield is quantitatively analyzed by an automated electron beam inspection method,demonstrating long-term repeatability of an up to 88% yield over a 4-month *** inspection method can also be employed to examine pattern uniformity,achieving an average yield of up to 78.6% over full substrate *** proposed patterning method is highly versatile and scalable as a nanomanufacturing platform and can find application in nanophotonics,nanoarchitected materials,and multifunctional nanostructures.

关键词： tuning lithography periodic

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colonoscopic evaluation in ulcerative colitis

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Gastroenterology Report 2014年第3期2卷 161-168页

作者： elizabeth R.Paine G.V.(Sonny)Montgomery VA Medical center and Division of Digestive Diseases Department of MedicineUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMSUSA

colonoscopic evaluation is an important tool in the evaluation of ulcerative colitis(Uc).Uc is divided by disease extent into proctitis,proctosigmoiditis,left-sided colitis,and *** addition,a cecal or peri-appendiceal patch and backwash ileitis are associated with *** extent and behavior of Uc has been characterized further using various indices and scoring systems;among these systems is the Mayo Score,which is widely used in current clinical trials for new *** these medical therapies for Uc have developed,achieving mucosal healing with medications has become an important therapeutic objective.

关键词： ulcerative colitis colonoscopic evaluation disease activity mucosal healing

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Enzymatic and metabolic regulation of lysine succinylation

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Genes & Diseases 2020年第2期7卷 166-171页

作者： Annapoorna Sreedhar elizabeth K.Wiese Taro Hitosugi Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA Division of Oncology Research Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA

Lysine succinylation(Ksucc),defined as a transfer of a succinyl group to a lysine residue of a protein,is a newly identified protein post-translational modification^*** chemical modification is reversible,dynamic,and evolutionarily conserved^4 where it has been comprehensively studied in both bacterial and mammalian cells^*** proteins involved in the regulation of various cellular and biological processes have been shown to be heavily succinylated^*** clinical data provides evidence that dysregulation of Ksucc is correlated with the development of several diseases,including cardiovascular diseases and cancer^***,an in-depth understanding of Ksucc and its regulation is important not only for understanding its physiological function but also for developing drug therapies and targeted agents for these *** this review,we highlight some of the recent advances in understanding the role of Ksucc and desuccinylation under physiological and pathological conditions.

关键词： Lysine succinylation Metabolism Post-translational modification SIRT5 Succinyl-coA

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Structure-based design of conformationally constrained cyclic peptidomimetics to target the MLL1-WDR5 protein–protein interaction as inhibitors of the MLL1 methyltransferase activity

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chinese chemical Letters 2015年第4期26卷 455-458页

作者： Hacer Karatas Shirley Y.Lee elizabeth c.Townsend Fang cao Jing Xu Denzil Bernard Liu Liu Yali Dou Shaomeng Wang Department of Medicinal chemistry University of Michigan Department of Internal Medicine University of Michigan Department of Pathology University of Michigan comprehensive cancer center University of Michigan Department of Pharmacology University of Michigan

We described herein structure-based design, synthesis and evaluation of conformationally constrained, cyclic peptidomimetics to block the MLL1-WDR5 protein-protein interaction as inhibitors of the MLL1 histone methyltransferase activity. Our study has yielded cyclic peptidomimetics with very high binding affinities to WDR5 （Ki values 〈1 nmol/L） and function as antagonists of the MLL1 histone methyltransferase activity.

关键词： EpigeneticsMLL1 histone methyltransferaseWDRS-MLLI interactionSmall-molecule inhibitorscyclic peptidomemtics

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Gastro-intestinal toxicity of chemotherapeutics in colorectal cancer:The role of inflammation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第14期20卷 3751-3761页

作者： chun Seng Lee elizabeth J Ryan Glen A Doherty centre for colorectal Disease St. Vincent’s University Hospital School of Medicine and Medical Sciences University College Dublin

chemotherapy-induced diarrhea(cID)is a common and often severe side effect experienced by colorectal cancer(cRc)patients during their *** chemotherapy regimens evolve to include more efficacious agents,cID is increasingly becoming a major cause of dose limiting toxicity and merits further *** is a key factor behind gastrointestinal(GI)toxicity of *** chemotherapeutic agents activate a diverse range of pro-inflammatory pathways culminating in distinct histopathological changes in the small intestine and colonic *** we review the current understanding of the mechanisms behind GI toxicity and the mucositis associated with systemic treatment of *** into the inflammatory response activated during this process gained from various models of GI toxicity are *** inflammatory processes contributing to the GI toxicity of chemotherapeutic agents are increasingly being recognised as having an important role in the development of anti-tumor immunity,thus conferring added benefit against tumor recurrence and improving patient *** review the basic mechanisms involved in the promotion of immunogenic cell death and its relevance in the treatment of colorectal ***,the impact of cID on patient outcomes and therapeutic strategies to prevent or minimise the effect of GI toxicity and mucositis are discussed.

关键词： chemotherapy Diarrhea Side-effects Immunogenic cell death Pro-inflammatory cytokines

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Double-blind randomized controlled study of the efficacy, safety and tolerability of eszopiclone vs placebo for the treatment of patients with post-traumatic stress disorder and insomnia

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2020年第3期10卷 21-28页

作者： Sheila M Dowd Alyson K Zalta Helen J Burgess elizabeth c Adkins Zerbrina Valdespino-Hayden Mark H Pollack Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Rush University Medical CenterChicagoIL 60601United States Department of Psychological Science University of California IrvineIrvineCA 92697United States Sleep and circadian Research Laboratory Department of PsychiatryUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109United States center for Behavioral Intervention Technologies|Department of Preventive Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIL 60611United States Department of Psychology Montclair State UniversityMontclairNJ 07043United States

BAcKGROUND Sleep disturbance is a core feature of post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD).Given the relationship between sleep disturbance and PTSD,there has been a relative paucity of studies examining the potential therapeutic impact of using pharmacotherapy to target sleep disturbance in patients with ***(ESZ)is a non-benzodiazepine y-aminobutyric acid-A receptor agonist indicated for the treatment of sleep and may affect sleep in patients with *** To evaluate the efficacy of ESZ vs placebo(PBO)for patients with PTSD and *** The study was a 12-wk,double blind,randomized controlled trial with 3 mg of ESZ(n=13)or PBO(n=12).RESULTS Patients in both arms experienced significant improvement in PTSD symptoms as assessed by the clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-IV(cAPS):ESZ(t11=-3.12,P=0.005)and PBO(t11=-3.5,P=0.002)and by self-report with the Short PTSD Rating Interview(ESZ t11=-3.38,P=0.003 and PBO t11=-4.48,P=0.0005).There were no significant differences between treatments on the cAPS(t22=-0.13,P=0.70)or the Short PTSD Rating Interview(t22=-0.58,P=0.56).Similarly,both treated groups improved on sleep measures as assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index with PTSD Addendum(PSQI)and on total sleep time(TST)and sleep latency assessed by actigraphy with no significant differences between groups(PSQI t22=-0.24,P=0.81;total sleep time t10=0.13,P=0.90 and sleep latency t10=0.68,P=0.50).There was a significant correlation between improvement in sleep and overall improvement in PTSD as measured by change scores on the PSQI and cAPS,r(8)=0.79,P=0.01 for ESZ treated subjects,but not for those treated with PBO r(9)=0.16,P=*** events of ESZ were consistent with the known profile of the medication including dysgeusia(30%,mild),sedation(20%,mild)and headache(20%,moderate to severe).cONcLUSION Results do not support the hypothesis of a specific positive effect of ESZ compared to PBO for measures of PTSD and associated sleep disturban

关键词： Trauma Sleep disturbance Hypnotic Post-traumatic stress disorder

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