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Test-Retest Reliability of Functional magnetic Resonance Imaging Activation for a Vergence Eye movement Task

Neuroscience Bulletin 2020年第5期36卷 506-518页

作者： Cristian morales Suril Gohel Xiaobo Li mitchell Scheiman Bharat B.Biswal elio m.santos Chang Yaramothu Tara L.Alvarez Biomedical Engineering New Jersey Institute of TechnologyNewarkNJ 07102USA Pennsylvania College of Optometry Salus UniversityPhiladelphiaPA 19027USA Department of Health Informatics Rutgers University School of Health ProfessionsNewarkNJ 07107USA

Vergence eye movements are the inward and outward rotation of the eyes responsible for binocular *** studies have mapped and investigated the neural substrates of vergence,it is not well understood whether vergence eye movements evoke the blood oxygen level-dependent signal reliably in separate experimental *** test-retest reliability of stimulus-induced vergence eye movement tasks during a functional magnetic resonance imaging(fmRI)experiment is important for future randomized clinical trials(RCTs).In this study,we established region of interest(ROI)masks for the vergence neural ***-seven binocularly normal young adults participated in two functional imaging sessions measured on different days on the same 3 T Siemens *** fmRI experiments used a block design of sustained visual fixation and rest blocks interleaved between task blocks that stimulated eight or four vergence eye *** test-retest reliability of task-activation was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC),and that of spatial extent was assessed using the Dice *** activation during the vergence eye movement task of eight movements compared to rest was repeatable within the primary visual cortex(ICC=0.8),parietal eye fields(ICC=0.6),supplementary eye field(ICC=0.5),frontal eye fields(ICC=0.5),and oculomotor vermis(ICC=0.6).The results demonstrate significant test-retest reliability in the ROIs of the vergence neural substrates for functional activation magnitude and spatial extent using the stimulus protocol of a task block stimulating eight vergence eye movements compared to sustained *** ROIs can be used in future longitudinal RCTs to study patient populations with vergence dysfunctions.

关键词： Vergence eye movement Test-retest reliability Functional mRI Vergence region of interest masks

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The Association between Researchers’Conceptions of Research and Their Strategic Research Agendas

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Journal of Data and Information Science 2020年第4期5卷 56-74页

作者： João m.santos Hugo Horta Instituto Universitário de Lisboa(ISCTE-IUL) Centro de Investigação e Intervenção Social(CIS-IUL)LisbonPortugal Social Contexts and Policies of Education Faculty of EducationThe University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina

Purpose:In studies of the research process,the association between how researchers conceptualize research and their strategic research agendas has been largely *** study aims to address this ***/methodology/approach:This study analyzes this relationship using a dataset of more than 8,500 researchers across all scientific fields and the *** studies the associations between the dimensions of two inventories:the Conceptions of Research Inventory(CoRI)and the multi-Dimensional Research Agenda Inventory—Revised(mDRAI-R).Findings:The findings show a relatively strong association between researchers’conceptions of research and their research *** all conceptions of research are positively related to scientific ambition,the findings are mixed regarding how the dimensions of the two inventories relate to one another,which is significant for those seeking to understand the knowledge production process *** limitations:The study relies on self-reported data,which always carries a risk of response *** implications:The findings provide a greater understanding of the inner workings of knowledge processes and indicate that the two inventories,whether used individually or in combination,may provide complementary analytical perspectives to research performance *** may thus offer important insights for managers of research environments regarding how to assess the research culture,beliefs,and conceptualizations of individual researchers and research teams when designing strategies to promote specific institutional research focuses and ***/value:To the best of the authors’knowledge,this is the first study to associate research agendas and conceptions of *** is based on a large sample of researchers working worldwide and in all fields of knowledge,which ensures that the findings have a reasonable degree of generalizability to the global population of researchers.

关键词： Conception of research Research agendas Researchers’beliefs Research strategy Views of research Research processes

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Using presence signs to discriminate between similar species

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Integrative Zoology 2009年第3期4卷 258-264页

作者： Sara m.santos António P.mIRA maria Luz mATHIAS Centre of Environmental Biology Department of Animal BiologyUniversity of LisbonLisbonPortugal and Institute of mediterranean Agricultural Sciences Department of BiologyUniversity ofévoraévoraPortugal

The Lusitanian and the mediterranean pine voles(microtus lusitanicus Gerbe,1879 and microtus duodecimcostatus de Selys-Longchamps,1839)are fossorial sister species and have an allopatric pattern of distribution in Portugal,which includes a potential sympatry area in the centre of the *** present study aimed to determine the validity of using presence signs in the field for discrimination of the two species in an area of sympatry(Northern Alentejo)and the characteristics that achieve the best classification accuracy.A total of 175 trapping plots were sampled across the study *** to the set up of traps,ten presence signs were randomly selected for measure-ments of four variables:proportion of soil mounds,mean diameter of mounds,proportion of burrow openings and mean diameter of burrow *** the basis of a classification tree analysis,results showed that presence signs can be used to discriminate plots inhabited by one or the other species in the studied sympatry *** character-istic that most accurately enables species identification is the proportion of burrow openings:for every ten pres-ence signs found in a plot,if more than eight have an opening,then it is inhabited by ***(*** burrow openings with few or no mounds present);if eight or fewer have an opening,*** is present(*** mounds with few or no burrow openings).

关键词： microtus duodecimcostatus microtus lusitanicus presence signs species identification.

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Sticky-mARTINI as a reactive coarse-grained model for molecular dynamics simulations of silica polymerization

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npj Computational materials 2022年第1期8卷 467-479页

作者： AndréP.Carvalho Sérgio m.santos Germán Pérez-Sánchez JoséD.Gouveia JoséR.B.Gomes miguel Jorge CICECO-Aveiro Institute of materials Department of ChemistryUniversity of AveiroCampus Universitário de Santiago3810-193AveiroPortugal Department of Chemical and Process Engineering University of Strathclyde75 Montrose StreetGlasgowG11XJUK

We report a molecular modeling paradigm to describe silica polymerization reactions in aqueous solutions at conditions that are representative of realistic experimental processes like biosilicification or porous silica synthesis–*** close to ambient temperatures and over a wide range of *** key point is to describe the Si-O-Si chemical bond formation and breakage processes through a continuous potential with a balance between attractive and repulsive interactions between suitably placed virtual sites and sticky *** simplicity of the model,its applicability in standard parallelized molecular dynamics codes,and its compatibility with the widely used mARTINI coarse-grained force-field allows for the study of systems containing millions of atoms over microsecond time *** model is calibrated to match experimental results for the temporal evolution of silica polymerization in aqueous solution close to the isoelectric point,and can describe silica polymerization and self-assembly processes during encapsulation of a surfactant micelle.

关键词： silica polymerization dynamics

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ROC Analysis in Radiotherapy:A TCP model-Based Test

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2013年第2期3卷 186-193页

作者： mairon m.santos Ubiraci P.C.Neves Department of Physics-FFCLRP University of Sao PauloRibeirao PretoBrazil

Several mathematical models have been proposed to describe the dynamics of irradiated cancer cells and to evaluate the tumour control probability (TCP). In this article, we propose a TCP model-based statistical test for predicting the outcome of a radiation treatment. We determine the foresight capability of prostate tumour erradication (cure) from monte Carlo simulations of the Dawson-Hillen TCP model. We construct the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of the test from the probability distributions of the fraction of remaining tumour cells for simulated experiments that evolve either to cure or non-cure. Simulations show that a similar procedure may be applicable to clinical data. Results suggest that the evaluation of tumour sizes after the treatment has started may be used for short-term prognosis.

关键词： Prostate Cancer Radiotherapy Tumour Control Probability Hypothesis Test ROC Curve Dawson-Hillen model monte Carlo Simulation

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Soil and climate equally contribute to changes in the species compositions of Brazilian dry forests across 300 km

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2020年第2期13卷 171-176页

作者： Daniel m.Arruda Luiz F.S.magnago Ricardo R.C.Solar Reinaldo Duque-Brasil Priscyla m.S.Rodrigues Rubens m.santos Carlos E.G.R.Schaefer Instituto de Geociências Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteMinas GeraisBrazil Centro de Formação em Ciências e Tecnologias Agroflorestais Universidade Federal do Sul da BahiaItabunaBahiaBrazil Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteMinas GeraisBrazil Instituto de Ciências da Vida Universidade Federal de Juiz de ForaGovernador ValadaresMinas GeraisBrazil Colegiado de Ecologia Universidade Federal do Vale do São FranciscoSenhor do BonfimBahiaBrazil Departamento de Ciências Florestais Universidade Federal de LavrasLavrasMinas GeraisBrazil Departamento de Solos Universidade Federal de ViçosaViçosaMinas GeraisBrazil

Aims Understanding the factors that control biodiversity distributions at different spatial scales has been a key challenge for conservation *** biodiversity,reflected in differences in species compositions among sites(beta diversity),can be derived from species replacement(turnover)and is driven by multiple ***,we sought to tackle this issue through two questions related to threatened Brazilian seasonally dry forests:(i)what is the contribution of species turnover to beta diversity?and(ii)which factors drive variations in species compositions among forest patches?methods We sampled tree species and environmental variables(soils and climate)in 17 dry forest patches spaced almost 300 km *** used the beta diversity partitioning framework to determine the contribution of *** used redundancy analysis,with properly controlled spatial structure,to assess the contributions of the environmental and spatial factors to the variations of the species *** Findings Beta diversity among the patches was mainly represented by the turnover component(98.2%),with Simpson dissimilarity superior to other regions of the country(means of 0.89 and 0.71 in multiple site and pairwise measures,respectively).The environmental factors measured explained more than space,representing 30.3%of the variation of the species composition,of which 28.1%was nonspatially *** suggest that 300 km represents a threshold at which edaphic and climatic predictors have similar effects in determining community turnover(14.9%and 12.6%,respectively,without spatial structure).Thus,conservation strategies should be considered across landscapes to effectively protect tropical forest diversity,as even considering the different climatic aspects covered by the scale,landscaped edaphic varieties are important drivers of species turnover.

关键词： beta diversity environmental filter habitat fragmentation landscape structure phytogeography

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Tree succession across a seasonally dry tropical forest and forest-savanna ecotone in northern minas Gerais,Brazil

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第5期10卷 859-868页

作者： Polyanne A.Coelho Paola Ferreira santos Eduardo de Paiva Paula Deborah m.G.Apgaua Bruno Gini madeira Gisele Cristina de Oliveira menino Yule Roberta Ferreira Nunes Rubens m.santos David Y.P.Tng Department of Forest Sciences Federal University of LavrasC.P.3037CEP 37200-000LavrasMinas GeraisBrazil Department of General Biology State University of Montes ClarosC.P.126CEP 39401-089Montes ClarosMinas GeraisBrazil Instituto Federal Goiano C.P.66CEP 75901-970Rio VerdeGoiâniaBrazil Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Sciences College of Marine and Environmental SciencesJames Cook University14-88 McGregor RdSmithfield QLD 4878CairnsQueenslandAustralia

Aims Understanding succession in tropical forest is an important aspect of vegetation science,but to date,successional processes in sea-sonally dry tropical forests(SDtFs)have received much less atten-tion than evergreen humid tropical *** aim to fill this knowledge *** We investigated vegetation succession in SDtF areas consisting of three different successional stages(early,intermediate,late),and a SDtF-savanna ecotone in the municipal district of Juramento,north of minas Gerais State,*** twelve 400 m2 plots in each area,we compared vegetation parameters and structural variables(absolute density and basal area)and examined the floristic composition of the tree component to find gradients of *** Findings We found evidence of species turnover along a successional gradi-ent,with the intermediate stage showing the highest species rich-ness and *** was accompanied with a significant increase in the number of tree individuals and basal area from the early to intermediate successional ***,the intermediate and late SDtF successional stages were more similar in structure and *** ecotone was the most species rich and was similar to the intermediate SDtF and early successional stage in species richness and floristic composition *** results will have implications for guiding SDtF management and recovery programs.

关键词： caatinga floristic Similarity ecotone forest succession resilience.

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Barriers in performing physical assessment among nursing students:An integrative review

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International Journal of Nursing Sciences 2021年第1期8卷 120-129,I0008页

作者： Jestoni D.maniago Evelyn E.Feliciano Adelina m.santos Cyrelle L.Agunod Cris S.Adolfo Brian A.Vasquez Abdulrhman Albougami Joseph U.Almazan Department of Nursing College of Applied Medical SciencesMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Nazarbayev University School of medicine Nazarbayev UniversityNur-Sultan010000Republic of Kazakhstan

Objectives:This study aimed to identify barriers in performing physical assessments among nursing students through integrative review ***:The literature were searched in medline,CINAHL,ScienceDirect,Web of Science,ProQuest,and Taylor&Francis Online using the descriptors barrier,physical assessment,nursing student et *** English-language and peer-reviewed journal articles were included,and there were no year ***:Twelve articles were selected for *** aspects were extracted:the barriers included personal challenges,challenges related to nursing education,challenges related to clinical practice;establishing competency-based education learning as a method to reduce physical assessment *** competencies and experiences were influenced by various factors that collectively hindered their successful performance of physical ***:The review findings provide valuable insights into the complex issues involved in the performance of physical assessments and guidance for improvement in practice.A collaborative effort should be made to address the issues often faced by nursing students in performing routine physical ***,more constructive and competency-based teaching methods should be integrated into academic and clinical settings.

关键词： Clinical competence Nursing education Physical assessment Problem solving

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Gastrointestinal and liver infections in children undergoing antineoplastic chemotherapy in the years 2000

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第25期22卷 5853-5866页

作者： elio Castagnola Eliana Ruberto Alfredo Guarino Infectious Diseases Unit Istituto Giannina Gaslini Department of Translational medical Science Section of Pediatrics University of Naples Federico II

AIm: To review gastrointestinal and liver infections in children undergoing antineoplastic chemotherapy. To look at gut microflora features in oncology ***: We selected studies published after year 2000, excluding trials on transplanted pediatric patients. We searched English language publications in mEDLINE using the keywords: "gastrointestinal infection AND antineoplastic chemotherapy AND children", "gastrointestinal infection AND oncology AND children", "liver infection AND antineoplastic chemotherapy AND children", "liver abscess AND chemotherapy AND child", "neutropenic enterocolitis AND chemotherapy AND children", "thyphlitis AND chemotherapy AND children", "infectious diarrhea AND children AND oncology", "abdominal pain AND infection AND children AND oncology", "perianal sepsis AND children AND oncology", "colonic pseudo-obstruction A N D o n c o l o g y A N D c h i l d A N D c h e m o t h e r a p y ", "microflora AND children AND malignancy", "microbiota AND children AND malignancy", "fungal flora AND children AND malignancy". We also analysed evidence from several articles and book ***: Gastrointestinal and liver infections represent a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children undergoing antineoplastic chemotherapy. Antineoplastic drugs cause immunosuppression in addition to direct toxicity, predisposing to infections, although the specific risk is variable according to disease and host features. Common pathogens potentially induce severe diseases whereas opportunistic microorganisms may attack vulnerable hosts. Clinical manifestations can be subtle and not specific. In addition, several conditions are rare and diagnostic process and treatments are not standardized. Diagnosis may be challenging, however early diagnosis is needed for quick and appropriate interventions. Interestingly, the source of infectionin those children can be exogenous or endogenous. Indeed, mucosal damage may allow the penetrance of endogenous micr

关键词： Gastrointestinal tract Liver microflora Infection Oncology Chemotherapy Children

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Carbon capture for decarbonisation of energy-intensive industries:a comparative review of techno-economic feasibility of solid looping cycles

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2022年第9期16卷 1291-1317页

作者： mónica P.S.santos Dawid P.Hanak Energy and Power School of WaterEnergy and EnvironmentCranfield UniversityBedfordshire MK430ALUK

Carbon capture and storage will play a crucial role in industrial ***,the current literature presents a large variability in the techno-economic feasibility of CO_(2)capture ***,reliable pathways for carbon capture deployment in energyintensive industries are still *** work provides a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art CO_(2)capture technologies for decarbonisation of the iron and steel,cement,petroleum refining,and pulp and paper *** scrubbing was shown to be the least feasible option,resulting in the average avoided CO_(2)cost of between 62.7∈t_(CO_(2))^(-1)for the pulp and paper and 104.6∈t_(CO_(2))^(-1)for the iron and steel *** average equivalent energy requirement varied between 2.7(iron and steel)and 5.1mJ_(th)·kg_(CO_(2))^(-1)(cement).Retrofits of emerging calcium looping were shown to improve the overall viability of CO_(2)capture for industrial *** looping was shown to result in the average avoided CO_(2)cost of between 32.7(iron and steel)and 42.9(cement).Its average equivalent energy requirement varied between 2.0(iron and steel)and 3.7(pulp and paper).Such performance demonstrated the superiority of calcium looping for industrial *** work should focus on standardising the techno-economic assessment of technologies for industrial decarbonisation.

关键词： industrial CO_(2)emissions CCS deployment carbonate looping net-zero industry carbon capture benchmarks

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