Gastrointestinal and liver infections in children undergoing antineoplastic chemotherapy in the years 2000
Gastrointestinal and liver infections in children undergoing antineoplastic chemotherapy in the years 2000作者机构：Infectious Diseases Unit Istituto Giannina Gaslini Department of Translational Medical Science Section of Pediatrics University of Naples Federico II
出 版 物：《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 (世界胃肠病学杂志（英文版）)
年 卷 期：2016年第22卷第25期
页 面：5853-5866页
核心收录：
学科分类：1002[医学-临床医学] 100214[医学-肿瘤学] 10[医学]
主 题：Gastrointestinal tract Liver Microflora Infection Oncology Chemotherapy Children
摘 要：AIM: To review gastrointestinal and liver infections in children undergoing antineoplastic chemotherapy. To look at gut microflora features in oncology ***: We selected studies published after year 2000, excluding trials on transplanted pediatric patients. We searched English language publications in MEDLINE using the keywords: gastrointestinal infection AND antineoplastic chemotherapy AND children, gastrointestinal infection AND oncology AND children, liver infection AND antineoplastic chemotherapy AND children, liver abscess AND chemotherapy AND child, neutropenic enterocolitis AND chemotherapy AND children, thyphlitis AND chemotherapy AND children, infectious diarrhea AND children AND oncology, abdominal pain AND infection AND children AND oncology, perianal sepsis AND children AND oncology, colonic pseudo-obstruction A N D o n c o l o g y A N D c h i l d A N D c h e m o t h e r a p y , microflora AND children AND malignancy, microbiota AND children AND malignancy, fungal flora AND children AND malignancy. We also analysed evidence from several articles and book ***: Gastrointestinal and liver infections represent a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children undergoing antineoplastic chemotherapy. Antineoplastic drugs cause immunosuppression in addition to direct toxicity, predisposing to infections, although the specific risk is variable according to disease and host features. Common pathogens potentially induce severe diseases whereas opportunistic microorganisms may attack vulnerable hosts. Clinical manifestations can be subtle and not specific. In addition, several conditions are rare and diagnostic process and treatments are not standardized. Diagnosis may be challenging, however early diagnosis is needed for quick and appropriate interventions. Interestingly, the source of infectionin those children can be exogenous or endogenous. Indeed, mucosal damage may allow the penetrance of endogenous micr
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