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Quantum Supercurrent Transistors in Silicon Quantum Wells Confined by Superconductor Barriers

Journal of Modern Physics 2011年第4期2卷 256-273页

作者： Nikolay T. Bagraev edward yu. danilovsky Leonid E. Klyachkin Andrei A. Kudryavtsev Roman V. Kuzmin Anna M. Malyarenko Wolfgang Gehlhoff Vladimir V. Romanov 不详

We present the findings of spin-dependent single-hole and pair-hole transport in plane and across the p-type high mobility silicon quantum wells (Si-QW), 2 nm, confined by the superconductor δ-barriers on the n-type Si (100) surface. The oscillations of the conductance in normal state and the zero-resistance supercurrent in superconductor state as a function of the top gate voltage are found to be correlated by on- and off-resonance tuning the two-dimensional levels of holes in Si-QW with the Fermi energy in the superconductor δ-barriers. The SIMS and STM studies have shown that the δ-barriers heavily doped with boron, 5 × 1021 cm–3, represent really alternating arrays of silicon empty and doped dots, with dimensions restricted to 2 nm. This concentration of boron seems to indicate that each doped dot located between empty dots contains two impurity atoms of boron. The EPR studies show that these boron pairs are the trigonal dipole centres, B+ - B–, that contain the pairs of holes, which result from the negative -U reconstruction of the shallow boron acceptors, 2B0 => B+ - B–. The electrical resistivity, magnetic susceptibility and specific heat measurements demonstrate that the high density of holes in the Si-QW (> 1011 cm–2) gives rise to the high temperature superconductor properties for the δ-barriers. The value of the superconductor energy gap obtained is in a good agreement with the data derived from the oscillations of the conductance in normal state and of the zero-resistance supercurrent in superconductor state as a function of the bias voltage. These oscillations appear to be correlated by on- and off-resonance tuning the two-dimensional subbands of holes with the Fermi energy in the superconductor δ-barriers. Finally, the proximity effect in the S-Si-QW-S structure is revealed by the findings of the quantization of the supercurrent and the multiple Andreev reflection (MAR) observed both across and along the Si-QW plane thereby identifying the spin transis

关键词： Silicon Quantum Well Superconductor δ-barrier ESR Dipole Boron Center Multiple Andreev Reflection Supercurrent Conductance EDESR Silicon Microcavity

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EDESR and ODMR of Impurity Centers in Nanostructures Inserted in Silicon Microcavities

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Journal of Modern Physics 2011年第6期2卷 544-558页

作者： Nikolay T Bagraev Vladimir A. Mashkov edward yu danilovsky Wolfgang Gehlhoff Dmitrii S. Gets Leonid E Klyachkin Andrei A Kudryavtsev Roman V. Kuzmin Anna M Malyarenko Vladimir V Romanov 不详

We present the first findings of the new electrically- and optically-detected magnetic resonance technique [ED electron spin resonance (EDESR) and (ODMR)] which reveal single point defects in the ultra-narrow silicon quantum wells (Si-QW) confined by the superconductor δ-barriers. This technique allows the ESR identification without the application of the external cavity as well as a high frequency source and recorder, with measuring the only magnetoresistance (EDESR) and transmission (ODMR) spectra within frameworks of the excitonic normal-mode coupling (NMC) caused by the microcavities embedded in the Si-QW plane. The new resonant positive magnetoresistance data are interpreted here in terms of the interference transition in the diffusive transport of free holes respectively between the weak antilocalization regime in the region far from the ESR of a paramagnetic point defect located inside or near the conductive channel and the weak localization regime in the nearest region of the ESR of that defect.

关键词： Silicon Microcavity Quantum Well ESR Bound Exciton Trigonal Centers Single Centers Carbon ODMR

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Esophageal cancer management controversies: Radiation oncology point of view

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2014年第8期6卷 263-274页

作者： Patricia Tai edward yu Department of Oncology Division of Radiation On-cology Allan Blair Cancer Center University of SaskatchewanRegina SK S4T 7T1 Canada Department of Oncology Division of Radiation On-cology Western University London ON N6A 4L6 Canada

Esophageal cancer treatment has evolved from single modality to trimodality *** are some controversies of the role,target volumes and dose of radiotherapy(RT)in the literature over *** present review focuses primarily on RT as part of the treatment modalities,and highlight on the RT volume and its dose in the management of esophageal *** randomized adjuvant chemoradiation(CRT)trial,intergroup trial(INT 0116)enrolled 559 patients with resected adenocarcinoma of the stomach or gastroesophageal *** were randomly assigned to surgery plus postoperative CRT or surgery *** show robust treatment benefit of adjuvant CRT in most subsets for postoperative *** Chemoradiotherapy for Oesophageal Cancer Followed by Surgery Study(CROSS)used a lower RT dose of41.4 Gray in 23 fractions with newer chemotherapeutic agents carboplatin and paclitaxel to achieve an excellent *** volume of external beam radiation therapy and its coverage have been in debate for years among radiation ***-operative and postoperative target volumes are designed to optimize for disease *** brachytherapy is effective in the palliation of dysphagia,but should not be given concomitantly with chemotherapy or external beam *** role of brachytherapy in multimodality management requires further ***-going studies of multidisciplinary treatment in locally advanced cancer include:ZTOG1201 trial(a phaseⅡtrial of neoadjuvant and adjuvant CRT)and QUINTETT(a phaseⅢtrial of neoadjuvant vs adjuvant therapy with quality of life analysis).These trials hopefully will shed more light on the future management of esophageal cancer.

关键词： Radiotherapy Chemotherapy Esophagus Cancer Treatment

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Weakly-and Semisupervised Probabilistic Segmentation and Quantification of Reverberation Artifacts

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Biomedical Engineering Frontiers 2022年第1期3卷 67-81页

作者： Alex Ling yu Hung edward Chen John Galeotti Department of Biomedical Engineering Carnegie Mellon UniversityPittsburghPAUSA Robotics Institute Carnegie Mellon UniversityPittsburghPAUSA

Objective and Impact *** propose a weakly-and semisupervised,probabilistic needle-and-reverberation-artifact segmentation algorithm to separate the desired tissue-based pixel values from the superimposed *** method models the intensity decay of artifact intensities and is designed to minimize the human labeling *** image quality has continually been ***,when needles or other metallic objects are operating inside the tissue,the resulting reverberation artifacts can severely corrupt the surrounding image *** effects are challenging for existing computer vision algorithms for medical image *** reverberation artifacts can be hard to identify at times and affect various pixel values to different *** boundaries of such artifacts are ambiguous,leading to disagreement among human experts labeling the *** learning-based framework consists of three *** first part is a probabilistic segmentation network to generate the soft labels based on the human *** soft labels are input into the second part which is the transform function,where the training labels for the third part are *** third part outputs the final masks which quantifies the reverberation *** demonstrate the applicability of the approach and compare it against other segmentation *** method is capable of both differentiating between the reverberations from artifact-free patches and modeling the intensity fall-off in the *** method matches state-of-the-art artifact segmentation performance and sets a new standard in estimating the per-pixel contributions of artifact vs underlying anatomy,especially in the immediately adjacent regions between reverberation *** algorithm is also able to improve the performance of downstream image analysis algorithms.

关键词： image probabilistic anatomy

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Fecal volatile components elicit aggregation in the oriental migratory locust, *** manilensis （Orthoptera： Acrididae）

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Insect Science 2011年第2期18卷 166-174页

作者： Wang-Peng Shi Hong-Li Sun Nyndat edward yu-Hua Yan Key Laboratory for Biological control of Ministry of Agriculture China Agricultural University Beijing China International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology Nairobi Kenya

The aggregation components from fecal volatiles of the oriental mi- gratory locust, Locusta migratoria manilensis were identified with gas chromatographic/electroantennographic detector （GC-EAD）, GC-MS （mass spectrometry） analyses and behavioral bioassays. Both last instar nymphs and adults of the oriental migratory locust have similar aggregation pheromones in their volatiles. A total of 11 electrophysiologically active compounds, namely, hexanal, cyclohexanol, heptanal, phenol, 2,5-dimethyl- pyrazine, benzyl alcohol, benzaldehyde, guaiacol, nonanal, 2,6,6-trimethyl-2-cyclohexene- 1,4-dione and decyl aldehyde were identified in the fecal volatiles of 2-day-old immature adult male locusts. Only hexanal, nonanal, benzaldehyde, cyclohexanol and 2,5-dimethyl- pyrazine elicited significant aggregation responses in immature 2-day-old adult males. However, adult males had significantly lower behavioral responses to synthetics of five single compounds than the blend of cyclohexanol, 2,5-dimethyl-pyrazine, benzaldehyde, nonanal, hexanal in ratios of 100 ： 100 ： 2 ： 60 ： 30 in the range of 30 60 μg/mL. We propose that it is the blend of these five compounds that plays a key role in eliciting and sustaining aggregation in gregarious oriental migratory locusts. These results also showed that the aggregation pheromones of the oriental migratory locust are significantly different from those found in the desert locust.

关键词： aggregation behavior aggregation pheromone gregarious locusts Locustamigratoria manilensis

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Spatial study of particulate matter distribution, based on climatic indicators during major dust storms in the State of Arizona

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2021年第1期15卷 133-150页

作者： Amin MOHEBBI Fan yu Shiqing CAI Simin AKBARIYEH edward J.SMAGLIK Department of Civil Engineering Construction Managementand Environmental EngineeringNorthern Arizona UniversityFlagstaffAZ 86011USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering California Polytechnic State UniversitySan Luis ObispoCA 93407USA

Arizona residents have been dealing with the suspended particulate matter caused health issues for a long time due to Arizona’s arid *** state of Arizona is vulnerable to dust stomas,especially in die monsoon season because of the anomalies in wind direction and *** this study,a high-resolution Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF)model coupled with a chemistry module(WRF-Chem)was simulated to compute the particulate matter spatiotemporal distribution as well as the climatic parameters for the state of ***,Ordinary Least Square(OLS),spatial lag,spatial error,and Geographically Weighted Regression(GWR)techniques were utilized to develop predictive models based on the climatic indicators that impacted the formation and dispersion of the particulate matter during dust *** tracts were adopted to create local spatial averages for the chosen *** height,temperature,wind speed,and vegetation fraction were designated as the most significant variables,whereas base state and perturbation pressures,planetary boundary layer height and soil moisture were adopted as supplementary *** determination coefficient for OLS,spatial lag,spatial error,and GWR models peaked at 0.92,0.93,0.96,and 0.97,*** models provide a better understanding of the current distribution of the particulate matter and can be used to forecast future trends.

关键词： particulate matter dust storm Weather Research and Forecasting census tracts Ordinary Least Square Geographically Weighted Regression

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DEM analysis of the influence of stirrer design on die filling with forced powder feeding

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Particuology 2024年第5期88卷 107-115页

作者： Chao Zheng edward Yost Ariel R.Muliadi Nicolin Govender Ling Zhang Chuan-yu Wu School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering University of SurreyGuildfordGU2 7XHUnited Kingdom Small Molecule Pharmaceutics GenentechInc.One DNA WaySouth San FranciscoCA94080USA

Die filling is a critical stage during powder compaction,which can significantly affect the product quality and *** this paper,a forced feeder is introduced attempting to improve the filling performance of a lab-scale die filling *** die filling process is analysed with a graphics processing units(GPU)enhanced discrete element method(DEM).Various stirrer designs are assessed for a wide range of process settings(i.e.,stirrer speed,filling speed)to explore their influence on the die filling performance of free-flowing *** results show that die filing with the novel helical-ribbon(i.e.,type D)stirrer design exhibits the highest filling ratio,implying that it is the most robust stirrer design for the feeder configuration ***,die filling performance with the type D stirrer design is a function of the stirrer speed and the filling speed.A positive variation of filling ratio(ηf>0%)can be ensured over the whole range of filling speed by adjusting the stirrer speed(i.e.,increasing the stirrer speed).The approach used in this study can not only help understand how the stirrer design affects the die filling performance but also guide the optimization of feeder system and process settings.

关键词： Discrete element method Die filling Forced feeding Stirrer design GPU computing

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Safety evaluation of nanodiamond-doxorubicin complexes in a Naïve Beagle canine model using hematologic,histological,and urine analysis

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Nano Research 2022年第4期15卷 3356-3366页

作者： Liping Wang Wenqiong Su Khan Zara Ahmad Xin Wang Ting Zhang Youyi yu edward Kai-Hua Chow Dean Ho Xianting Ding State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes Institute for Personalized MedicineSchool of Biomedical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200030China Cancer Science Institute of Singapore Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117599Singapore The N.1 Institute for Health(N.1) National University of SingaporeSingapore 117456Singapore The Institute for Digital Medicine(WisDM) National University of SingaporeSingapore 117456Singapore Department of Pharmacology National University of SingaporeSingapore 117597Singapore Department of Biomedical Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 117583Singapore

While doxorubicin(DOX)is one of the most common chemotherapeutic drugs for treating cancer,use of DOX must be managed carefully due to dose-related ***(ND)drug delivery system conjugated with DOX(NDX)has been reported to enhance treatment efficacy and attenuate toxicity in murine cancer *** addition,extensive biocompatibility studies indicate that NDs seem to be well tolerated in non-human *** the clinical translation of NDX,it is necessary to verify the safety of ND in large *** of nanomedicine drug safety for large animal are not commonly reported,and this work represents a key milestone in bridging earlier advances towards clinical ***,NDs’safety as a drug-delivery platform was evaluated in Naïve Beagle *** study is performed with DOX,ND,and NDX in a dual-gender animal model using intravenous(IV)injection and hepatic portal vein(HPV)injection *** dogs are monitored for their health phenotype changes in continuous 5 *** and urine obtained are for clinical pathology *** results indicate that ND drug delivery platform significantly relieves DOX toxicity for Naïve Beagle dog *** study provides guidance for the pre-clinical safety assessment of NDX therapy at large animal level.

关键词： nanomedicine doxorubicin nanodiamonds safety biodistribution

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Application of GaN in Hard-switching Converters:Challenges and Potential Solutions

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电力电子技术 2017年第9期51卷 3-11页

作者： Bo LIU Zhe-yu ZHANG edward Jones Fei(Fred) WANG University of Tennessee

This paper overviews the benefits,challenges,research trends and potential solutions on the design and application of gallium nitride(GaN) technology in hard-switching power electronic converters from the device level... 详细信息

关键词：氮化镓功率电子变换器电子技术

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Flight Characteristics Analysis Based on QAR Data of a Jet Transport During Landing at a High-altitude Airport

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2012年第1期25卷 13-24页

作者： C.edward Lan WU Kaiyuan yu Jiang Department of Aerospace Engineering The University of KansasKansas 66045USA China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center Mianyang 622661China Scientific Research Base Civil Aviation Flight University of ChinaGuanghan 618307China

Flight data of a twin-jet transport aircraft in revenue flight are analyzed for potential safety problems. Data from the quick access recorder （QAR） are first filtered through the kinematic compatibility analysis. The filtered data are then organized into longitudinal- and lateral-directional aerodynamic model data with dynamic ground effect. The dynamic ground effect requires the radio height and sink rate in the models. The model data are then refined into numerical models through a fuzzy logic algorithm without data smoothing in advance. These numerical models describe nonlinear and unsteady aerodynamics and are used in nonlinear flight dynamics simulation. For the jet transport under study, it is found that the effect of crosswind is significant enough to excite the Dutch roll motion. Through a linearized analysis in flight dynamics at every instant of time, the Dutch roll motion is found to be in nonlinear oscillation without clear damping of the amplitude. In the analysis, all stability derivatives vary with time and hence are nonlinear functions of state variables. Since the Dutch roll motion is not damped despite the fact that a full-time yaw damper is engaged, it is concluded that the design data for the yaw damper is not sufficiently realistic and the contribution of time derivative of sideslip angle to damping should be considered. As a result of nonlinear flight simulation, the vertical wind acting on the aircraft is estimated to be mostly updraft which varies along the flight path before touchdown. Varying updraft appears to make the descent rate more difficult to control to result in a higher g-load at touchdown.

关键词： jet transport unsteady aerodynamics nonlinear aerodynamics flight dynamics flight safety quick access recorder data

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