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阴道细菌混合感染

继续医学教育 2007年第17期21卷 1-6页

作者： Phillip e.hay 王瑜英国伦敦圣乔治医院医学院泌尿生殖医学系

阴道是一个独特的细菌寄生场所，它终身受到生长发育和激素剧烈变化的影响而改变。出生时，阴道由复层鳞状上皮排列而成，当母体雌激素减少时发生退行性变。在儿童时期，阴道菌群包括皮肤寄生虫和肠道菌群。月经初潮时，pH值从中性下降... 详细信息

阴道是一个独特的细菌寄生场所，它终身受到生长发育和激素剧烈变化的影响而改变。出生时，阴道由复层鳞状上皮排列而成，当母体雌激素减少时发生退行性变。在儿童时期，阴道菌群包括皮肤寄生虫和肠道菌群。月经初潮时，pH值从中性下降到4，菌群开始被乳酸杆菌支配，许多其它有机体可能会表现为更低级的聚集物，包括厌氧菌、兼性厌氧菌和念珠菌。激素环境每个月都会发生改变，加上由经期、月经及卫生引起的生理功能失调以及性行为等会引发很多新的病原体，同时也会改变pH值。妊娠和哺乳会引起更持久的激素水平失衡。到了更年期，阴道上皮开始逐渐萎缩，pH值上升，与皮肤相似的菌群可能会重建。

关键词：细菌混合感染阴道菌群雌激素减少兼性厌氧菌复层鳞状上皮肠道菌群激素水平失衡月经初潮

用决策支持手段、学习机会和信息技术帮助贯彻清洁生产

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产业与环境 2003年第3期25卷 72-75页

作者： John e.hay 李木子(译) International Globa1 Change Institute University of WaikatoPrivate Bag 3105HamiltonNew Zealand 联合国环境规划署技术工业与经济司国际环境技术中心不详

本文对能够帮助从国家到企业各级清洁生产系统落实的决策支持手段,提出了基本看法.在根据每个人不同的能力、潜力和发展变化提供相应的学习内容和机会的时候,如何促使和帮助个人参加清洁生产教育并超过计划,正是本文要应对的挑战.电子... 详细信息

本文对能够帮助从国家到企业各级清洁生产系统落实的决策支持手段,提出了基本看法.在根据每个人不同的能力、潜力和发展变化提供相应的学习内容和机会的时候,如何促使和帮助个人参加清洁生产教育并超过计划,正是本文要应对的挑战.电子学习系统能够极大限度地利用现有信息.

关键词：清洁生产决策学习信息技术国家企业环境评价

Stem cell differentiation and human liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第17期18卷 2018-2025页

作者： Wen-Li Zhou Claire N Medine Liang Zhu David C hay Department of Gastroenterology Changzheng Hospital Second Military Medical University ofChina Shanghai 200003 China Medical Re-search Council Centre for Regenerative Medicine University ofEdinburgh Edinburgh EH 16 4UU Scotland United Kingdom

Human stem cells are scalable cell populations capable of cellular *** makes them a very attractive in vitro cellular resource and in theory provides unlimited amounts of primary *** an approach has the potential to improve our understanding of human biology and treating *** the future it may be possible to deploy novel stem cell-based approaches to treat human liver *** recent years,eff icient hepatic differentiation from human stem cells has been achieved by several research groups including our *** this review we provide an overview of the f ield and discuss the future potential and limitations of stem cell technology.

关键词： Differentiation Pluripotent stem cells Hepatocyte-like cells Liver development Polymer chemistry Regenerative medicine Transplantation Bio-artif icial liver

effects of vitamin e on stroke: a systematic review with meta- analysis and trial sequential analysis

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2021年第1期6卷 109-120页

作者： Hong Chuan Loh Renly Lim Kai Wei Lee Chin Yik Ooi Deik Roy Chuan Irene Looi Yuen Kah hay Nurzalina Abdul Karim Khan Clinical Research Center Hospital Seberang JayaMinistry of Health MalaysiaSeberang JayaMalaysia Clinical and Health Sciences University of South AustraliaAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia Department of Pre-Clinical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversiti Tunku Abdul Rahman-Kampus Bandar Sungai LongKajangMalaysia Medical Department Hospital Seberang JayaMinistry of Health MalaysiaSeberang JayaMalaysia School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Universiti Sains MalaysiaMindenMalaysia

There are several previous studies on the association of vitamin e with prevention of stroke but the findings remain *** have conducted a systematic review,meta-analysis together with trial sequential analysis of randomised controlled trials to evaluate the effect of vitamin e supplementation versus placebo/no vitamin e on the risk reduction of total,fatal,non-fatal,haemorrhagic and ischaemic *** studies were identified by searching online databases through Medline,PubMed and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials.A total of 18 studies with 148016 participants were included in the *** was no significant difference in the prevention of total stroke(RR(relative risk)=0.98,95% CI 0.92-1.04,p=0.57),fatal stroke(RR=0.96,95% CI 0.77-1.20,p=0.73)and non-fatal stroke(RR=0.96,95% CI 0.88-1.05,p=0.35).Subgroup analyses were performed under each category(total stroke,fatal stroke and non-fatal stroke)and included the following subgroups(types of prevention,source and dosage of vitamin e and vitamin e alone vs control).The findings in all subgroup analyses were statistically *** stroke subtypes analysis,vitamin e showed significant risk reduction in ischaemic stroke(RR=0.92,95% CI 0.85-0.99,p=0.04)but not in haemorrhagic stroke(RR=1.17,95%CI 0.98-1.39,p=0.08).However,the trial sequential analysis demonstrated that more studies were needed to control random *** of this study include the following:trials design may not have provided sufficient power to detect a change in stroke outcomes,participants may have had different lifestyles or health issues,there were a limited number of studies available for subgroup analysis,studies were mostly done in developed countries,and the total sample size for all included studies was insufficient to obtain a meaningful result from *** conclusion,there is still a lack of statistically significant evidence of the effects of vitamin e on the risk reduction of str

关键词： vitamin prevention dosage

White matter alterations in anorexia nervosa: A systematic review of diffusion tensor imaging studies

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2016年第1期6卷 177-186页

作者： Beatriz Martin Monzon Phillipa hay Nasim Foroughi Stephen Touyz Centre for Health Research School of MedicineWestern Sydney University School of Psychology Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Sydney

AIM: To identify findings concerning white matter(WM) fibre microstructural alterations in anorexia nervosa(AN).MeTHODS: A systematic electronic search was undertaken in several databases up to April 2015. The search strategy aimed to locate all studies published in english or Spanish that included participants with AN and which investigated WM using diffusion tensor imaging(DTI). Trials were assessed for quality assessment according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses checklist and a published quality index guideline. ReSULTS: A total of 6 studies met the inclusion criteria, four of people in the acute state of the illness, one included both recovered and unwell participants, and one included people who had recovered. Participants were female with ages ranging from 14 to 29 years. All studies but one measured a range of psychopathological features. Fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity were the main DTI correlates reported. Alterations were reported in a range of WM structures of the limbicsystem, most often of the fornix and cingulum as well as the fronto-occipital fibre tracts, i.e., regions associated with anxiety, body image and cognitive function. Subtle abnormalities also appeared to persist after ***: This diversity likely reflects the symptom complexity of AN. However, there were few studies, they applied different methodologies, and all were cross-sectional.

关键词： eating disorder Diffusion tensor imaging Weight/shape overvaluation Food anxiety

Network Coding and Quality of Service for Mobile <i>Ad Hoc</i>Networks

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International Journal of Communications, Network and System Sciences 2014年第10期7卷 409-422页

作者： Michael hay Basil Saeed Chung-Horng Lung Thomas Kunz Anand Srinivasan Systems and Computer engineering Carleton University Ottawa Canada eION Inc Ottawa Canada

Network Coding is a relatively new forwarding paradigm where intermediate nodes perform a store, code, and forward operation on incoming packets. Traditional forwarding approaches, which employed a store and forward operation, have not been able to approach the limit of the max-flow min-cut throughput wherein sources transmitting information over bottleneck links have to compete for access to these links. With Network Coding, multiple sources are now able to transmit packets over bottleneck links simultaneously, achieving the max-flow min-cut through-put and increasing network capacity. While the majority of the contemporary literature has focused on the performance of Network Coding from a capacity perspective, the aim of this research has taken a new direction focusing on two Quality of Service metrics, e.g., Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR) and Latency, in conjunction with Network Coding protocols in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANeTs). Simulations are performed on static and mobile environments to determine a Quality of Service baseline comparison between Network Coding protocols and traditional ad hoc routing protocols. The results show that the Random Linear Network Coding protocol has the lowest Latency and Dynamic Source Routing protocol has the highest PDR in the static scenarios, and show that the Random Linear Network Coding protocol has the best cumulative performance for both PDR and Latency in the mobile scenarios.

关键词： Network Coding Mobility Quality of Service Mobile Ad Hoc Networks Performance evaluation

片仔癀通过调节小鼠的肠道菌群和代谢物抑制非酒精性脂肪性肝炎

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engineering 2024年第4期35卷 257-269页

作者： Xianyi Zeng Xiang Zhang Hao Su Hongyan Gou Harry Cheuk-hay Lau Xiaoxu Hu Ziheng Huang Yan Li Jun Yu Shenzhen Research Institute The Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhen 518057China Department of Medicine and Therapeutics Institute of Digestive DiseaseState Key Laboratory of Digestive DiseaseLi Ka Shing Institute of Health SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)is a severe form of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease without effective *** traditional Chinese medicine formulation Pien Tze Huang(PTH)can suppress inflammatory ***,we evaluate the effects of PTH on the evolution of NASH and its underlying *** found that PTH prevented the development of steatohepatitis induced by various dietary models,including a high-fat high-cholesterol(HFHC)diet,choline-deficient high-fat diet(CD-HFD),and methionine-and choline-deficient(MCD)diet,along with significant suppression of liver injury,hepatic triglyceride,and lipid ***,ten days of PTH treatment after the onset of NASH significantly ameliorated MCD diet-induced steatosis and liver injury in *** the metagenomic sequencing of stool samples,we found that PTH administration restored the gut microbiota with enrichment of probiotics including Lactobacillus acidophilus(***),Lactobacillus plantarum,Lactococcus lactis,and Bacillus *** enriched *** prevented MCD diet-induced *** addition,PTH restored the gut barrier function in mice with steatohepatitis,as evidenced by reduced intestinal permeability,decreased serum lipopolysaccharides(LPS)level,and increased epithelial tightjunction protein e-cadherin *** metabolomic analysis via liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry profiling identified the alteration in the metabolism of bile acids in the portal vein of PTHtreated *** further confirmed that an intact gut microbiota is necessary for PTH to exhibit antisteatohepatitis *** conclusion,PTH protects against steatohepatitis development by modulating the gut microbiota and *** is a potential promising prophylactic and therapeutic option for patients with NASH.

关键词： Pien Tze Huang Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Gut barrier function Gut microbiota

物理疗法与简易疼痛处理程序初期治疗腰背痛的比较:一项关于物理疗法的随机临床试验

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（神经病学分册） 2005年第10期1卷 2-3页

作者： hay e.M. Mullis R. Lewis M. 郭俊 Primary Care Sciences Res earch Centre Keele University Keele Staffordshire ST5 5BG United Kingdom Prof.

Background: Recommendations for the management of low back pain in primary ca re emphasise the importance of recognising and addressing psychosocial factors a t an early stage. We compared the effectiveness of a brief pain- management pro gramme with physiotherapy incorporating manual therapy for the reduction of disa bility at 12 months in patients consulting primary care with subacute low back p ain. Methods: For this pragmatic, multicentre, randomised clinical trial, eligib le participants consulted primary care with non- specific low back pain of less than 12 weeks’ duration. They were randomly assigned either a programme of pa in management (n=201) or manual therapy (n=201). The primary outcome was change in the score on the Roland and Morris disability questionnaire at 12 months. Ana lysis was by intention to treat. Findings: Of 544 patients assessed for eligibil ity, 402 were recruited (mean age 40.6 years) and 329 (82% )- reached 12- mon th follow- up. Mean disability scores were 13.8 (SD 4.8) for the pain- managem ent group and 13.3 (4.9) for the manual- therapy group. The mean decreases in d isability scores were 8.8 (6.4) and 8.8 (6.1) at 12 months (difference 0 [95% CI - 1.3 to 1.4], p=0.99), and median numbers of physiotherapy visits per patie nt were three (IQR one to five) and four (two to five), respectively (p=0.001). One adverse reaction (an exacerbation of pain after the initial assessment) was recorded. Interpretation: Brief pain management techniques delivered by appropri ately trained clinicians offer an alternative to physiotherapy incorporating man ual therapy and could provide a more efficient first- line approach for managem ent of non- specific subacute low back pain in primary care.

关键词：初期治疗腰背痛随机临床试验非特异性下腰痛处理程序腰痛患者 orris 功能障碍心理社会因素持续时间

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一种抗机械撞击和杂散电流的雷管

爆破器材 1982年第4期 44-45页

作者： K.R.Becker J.e.hay e.A.Day 瞿增禧美国矿山局匹兹堡研究中心

一、引言本文介绍的雷管,由灼热桥丝或热气体源激发后,与下述过程适当配合,即可获得可靠的高阶起爆: 由猛炸药或烟火药组成的“主发装药”着火,并

关键词：雷管焦耳起爆药桥丝击发药主装药延期药柱