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U.S. Resilience to large-scale power outages in 2002–2019

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Journal of Safety Science and Resilience 2022年第2期3卷 128-135页

作者： Aman Ankit Zhanlin Liu Scott b.miles Youngjun Choe Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98105USA Department of Human Centered Design&Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98105USA

Prolonged power outages debilitate the economy and threaten public health. Existing research is generally limitedin its scope to a single event, an outage cause, or a region. Here, we provide one of the most comprehensiveanalyses of large-scale power outages in the U.S. from 2002 to 2019. This analysis is based on the outage datacollected under U.S. federal mandates that concern large blackouts, typically of transmission systems and excludemuch more common but smaller blackouts, typically, of distribution systems. We categorized the data into fouroutage causes and computed reliability metrics, which are commonly used for distribution-level small outagesonly but useful for analyzing large blackouts. Our spatiotemporal analysis reveals six of the most resilient *** since 2010, improvement of power resilience against natural hazards in the south and northeast regions,and a disproportionately large number of human attacks for its population in the Western Electricity CoordinatingCouncil region. Our regression analysis identifies several statistically significant predictors and hypotheses forU.S. resilience to large blackouts. Furthermore, we propose a novel framework for analyzing outage data usingdifferential weighting and influential points to better understand power resilience. We share curated data andcode as Supplementary Materials.

关键词： Power outage Reliability Natural hazard Cyber attack Sabotage Operational maintenance

Participatory Disaster Recovery Simulation Modeling for Community Resilience Planning

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2018年第4期9卷 519-529页

作者： Scott b.miles Department of Human Centered Design and Engineering University of Washington

A major challenge in enhancing the resilience of communities stems from current approaches used to identify needs and strategies that build the capacity of jurisdictions to mitigate loss and improve recovery. A new generation of resilience-based planning processes has emerged in the last several years that integrate goals of community well-being and identity into recovery-based performance measurement frameworks. Specific tools and refined guidance are needed to facilitate evidence-based development of recovery estimates. This article presents the participatory modeling process, a planning system designed to develop recovery-based resilience measurement frameworks for community resilience planning initiatives. Stakeholder engagement is infused throughout the participatory modeling process by integrating disaster recovery simulation modeling into community resilience planning. Within the process, participants get a unique opportunity to work together to deliberate on community concerns through facilitated participatory modeling. The participatory modeling platform combines the DESaster recovery simulation model and visual analytics *** is an open source Python Library for creating discrete event simulations of disaster recovery. The simulation model was developed using a human-centered design approach whose goal is to be open, modular, and extensible. The process presented in this article is the first participatory modeling approach for analyzing recovery to aid creation of community resilience measurement frameworks.

关键词： Community resilience planning Disasters Disaster recovery Participatory modeling Recovery-based performance targets Simulation modeling

The Nature and Impact of Late Imperial Chinese Academies:A Review of Some Recent Publications in China

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Frontiers of Education in China 2015年第4期10卷 634-656页

作者： Steven b.miles Department of History Washington University in St.LouisSt.LouisMO 63130-4899USA

This review essay analyzes the historiography of Confucian academies(shuyuan)in imperial China,focusing on five representative books published in China between 2008 and 2014,including two new editions of books originally published in 1995 and *** five authors share a deep concern about the nature of academies,particularly their relationship with the state.A secondary theme that these books address is the impact that academies had on late imperial Chinese culture and *** together,these five works show how research on academies in imperial China has evolved over the past two decades.

关键词： academies shuyuan historiography imperial China

Identification and mapping of Rpi-blb4 in diploid wild potato species Solanum bulbocastanum

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The Crop Journal 2023年第6期11卷 1828-1835页

作者： Jie Li Amanpreet Kaur brian Harrower miles Armstrong Daolong Dou Xiaodan Wang Ingo Hein Department of Plant Pathology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management College of Plant ProtectionChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China The James Hutton Institute InvergowrieDundee DD25DAUK University of Dundee Dundee DD14HNUK Crop Research Centre TeagascOakParkCarlow R93 XE12Ireland College of Plant Protection Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095JiangsuChina

More than 170 years after causing the potato famine in Ireland,late blight is still considered one of the most devastating crop *** potato breeding efforts depend on natural sources of resistance to protect crops from the rapidly evolving late blight pathogen,Phytophthora *** have identified and mapped a novel broad-spectrum disease resistance gene effective against *** from the wild,diploid potato species Solanum *** resistance gene enrichment sequencing(dRenSeq)was used to confirm the uniqueness of the identified *** and GenSeq-based mapping of the resistance,referred to as Rpi-blb4,alongside recombinant screening,positioned the locus responsible for the resistance to potato chromosome *** interval spans approximately 2.3 Mb and corresponds to the DM reference genome positions of 11.25 and 13.56 Mb.

关键词： Renseq Disease resistance Late blight Solanum bulbocastanum

The Upriver Reach of a Delta Town： Jiujiang Migrants in the West River basin, Sixteenth--Nineteenth Centuries

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Frontiers of History in China 2013年第2期8卷 153-175页

作者： Steven b. miles Department of History Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis MO 63130-4899 USA

This article situates the Pearl River delta market town of Jiujiang within a system of market towns and cities along the West River and its tributaries in southern China. Exploring the history of this town as an emigrant community, this article follows the upstream movement of officials, civil service examinees, merchants, and permanent settlers along the West River basin between the sixteenth century and the nineteenth century. The trajectory of migration from this market town was shaped by the geographical factors of the West River system. At the same time, migration, which was related both to strategies that Jiujiang families embraced for socioeconomic advancement and to policies that the Ming and Qing states adopted for controlling the southwestern frontier, played an important role in the historical construction of a unified region linked by economic ties and personal networks.

关键词： market town migration region Ming Qing West River Pearl Riverdelta

一个三角洲城镇的上游区域:16—19世纪西江流域的九江移民

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四川大学学报（哲学社会科学版） 2014年第1期 25-35页

作者：麦哲维邹薇圣路易斯华盛顿大学历史系四川大学历史文化学院四川成都610064

本文将珠江三角洲九江集镇置于中国南部西江及其支流的城镇系统中,关注16至19世纪沿西江流域上游活动的官员、科举考生、商人和定居者,探索其作为一个移民社区的历史。西江水系的地理因素形塑了九江移民的迁移轨迹。与此同时,移民不仅... 详细信息

本文将珠江三角洲九江集镇置于中国南部西江及其支流的城镇系统中,关注16至19世纪沿西江流域上游活动的官员、科举考生、商人和定居者,探索其作为一个移民社区的历史。西江水系的地理因素形塑了九江移民的迁移轨迹。与此同时,移民不仅同九江的各个家族为了发展社会经济而采取的策略有关,也同明清政府控制西南边疆的政策有关,在一个由经济纽带和个人关系网联系起来的统一区域的历史构建中扮演了重要角色。

关键词：集镇移民区域明朝清朝西江珠江三角洲

Parallel DNA Constrained by“CC^+Clamps”

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 1999年第2期15卷 42-47页

作者： LIU Ke-liang H.Todd miles Frank b.Howard Joe Frazier V.Sasisekharan Laboratory of Molecular biology NIDDKNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMaryland20892USA

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ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＩｎａｄｄｉｔｉｏｎｔｏｔｈｅｆａｍｉｌｉａｒａｎｔｉｐａｒａｌｅｌＷａｔｓｏｎ－Ｃｒｉｃｋｄｕｐｌｅｘｅｓ，ｉｔｉｓａｌｓｏｐｏｓｓｉｂｌｅｔｏｆｏｒｍｐａｒａｌｅｌＤＮＡｈｅｔｅｒｏｄｕｐｌｅｘｅｓｗｉｔｈｒｅｖｅｒｓｅＷ...

关键词： Parallel DNA helices Reverse Watson-Crick pairing CC+ base pair Oligonucleotide helices, Reverse WatsonCrick pairing, CC+ base pair, Oligonucleotide

The effects of aerated irrigation on soil respiration, oxygen, and porosity

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2019年第12期18卷 2854-2868页

作者： ZHU Yan miles Dyck CAI Huan-jie SONG Li-bing CHEN Hui Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas Ministry of Education/Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100P.R.China Institute of Water-saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China(IWSA) Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100P.R.China College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100P.R.China Department of Renewable Resources University of AlbertaEdmonton T6G2E3Canada

To ameliorate soil oxygen deficiencies around subsurface drip irrigation(SDI) drippers, aerated irrigation(AI) was introduced to supply aerated water to the soil through venturi installed in the SDI pipeline. The objectives of this study were to assess the effects of AI on soil respiration(SR), air-filled porosity(AFP), soil temperature(ST), and oxygen concentrations(OCC). Total soil respiration(TSR), biological activity temperature index(bAT), and soil oxygen consumption(OCS) based on SR, ST, and OCC, respectively, were subsequently calculated to explore the relationships between TSR, bAT, OCS, OCC, and AFP. Greenhouse-based experiments included two treatments: AI and unaerated SDI(CK), during the tomato growing season in the fall of 2015. The results showed that compared with CK, AI treatment significantly increased OCC and AFP(by 16 and 7.4%, respectively), as well as TSR and OCS(by 24.21 and 22.91%, respectively)(PbAT was controlled, partial correlations between TSR, OCS, OCC, and AFP were all significant in the AI treatment but not in the CK treatment. TSR was more sensitive to the interaction effects of OCC, OCS, AFP, and bAT under the AI treatment. Thus, the significantly increased TSR with AI appeared to be due to the favorable soil aeration conditi ons(higher OCC and AFP). Furthermore, the improvements in soil aeration conditions and respiration with AI appeared to facilitate the improvement in fruit yields, which also suggests the economic benefits of AI.

关键词： aerated irrigation soil respiration soil oxygen yield tomato

Increasing the effectiveness of intracerebral injections in adult and neonatal mice: a neurosurgical point of view

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Neuroscience bulletin 2015年第6期31卷 685-696页

作者： bertrand Mathon Mérie Nassar Jean Simonnet Caroline Le Duigou Stéphane Clemenceau Richard miles Desdemona Fricker Department of Neurosurgery Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire de La Pitié-SalpêtrièreAPHPF-75013ParisFrance Inserm U 1127F-75013ParisFrance CNRS UMR 7225F-75013ParisFrance Sorbonne Universités UPMC Univ Paris 06UMR S 1127F-75013ParisFrance Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière ICMF-75013ParisFrance

Intracerebral injections of tracers or viral constructs in rodents are now commonly used in the neurosciences and must be executed perfectly. The purpose of this article is to update existing protocols for intracerebral injections in adult and neonatal mice. Our procedure for stereotaxic injections in adult mice allows the investigator to improve the effectiveness and safety, and save time. Furthermore, for the first time, we describe a two-handed procedure for intracerebral injections in neonatal mice that can be performed by a single operator in a very short time. Our technique using the stereotaxic arm allows a higher precision than freehand techniques previously described. Stereotaxic injections in adult mice can be performed in 20 min and have 〉90% efficacy in targeting the injection site. Injections in neonatal mice can be performed in 5 min. Efficacy depends on the difficulty of precisely localizing the injection sites, due to the small size of the animal. We describe an innovative, effortless, and reproducible surgical protocol for intracerebral injections in adult and neonatal mice.

关键词： rodents surgery neurosciencesstereotaxic injection newborn mice neonatal brain