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A comparison of lower limb stiffness and mechanical muscle function in ACL-reconstructed,elite,and adolescent alpine ski racers/ski cross athletes

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j.urnal of Sport and Health Science 2018年第4期7卷 416-424页

作者： Matthew j.j.rdan per Aagaard Walter Herzog Canadian Sport Institute Calgary Calgary AB T2N IN4Canada Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics SDU Muscle Research ClusterUniversity of Southern DenmarkOdense DK-5230Denmark Human performance Laboratory University of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N IN4Canada Corresponding author.E-mail address： mj.rdan@ucalgary.ca

purpose： The aim of this study was to compare mechanical muscle function in the eccentric/concentric phases of vertical bilateral j.mping in anterior cruciate ligament-reconstructed （ACLR）, elite （ELITE）, and adolescent （ADOL） alpine ski racers and ski cross athletes. Methods： Alpine ski racers/ski crossers （ACLR： n = 12, age = 26.7 ± 3.8 years; ELITE： n = 12, age = 23.9 ± 3.0 years; ADOL： n = 12, age = 17.8 ± 0.7 years; females： n = 6 per group, males： n = 6 per group） performed 5 maximal countermovement j.mps （CMj.） and 5 squat j.mps. The ground reaction forces for each limb were analyzed using dual force plate recording to obtain body center of mass （BCM） velocity, displacement, and power. The eccentric deceleration （ECC） and concentric phases were determined from BCM velocity. CMj.net concentric and ECC impulses were calculated （body mass normalized） along with the peak and mean BCM power and maximal vertical j.mp height. CMj.lower limb stiffness （LLS） was determined by the slope of the ground reaction forces vs. the BCM displacement curve over the ECC phase. Concentric and ECC asymmetry indices were calculated for each leg, and the left vs. right LLS was compared. Outcome measures （reported as mean ± SD） calculated as a 5-j.mp mean were normalized to body mass and compared using an analysis of variance. Results： No between-group differences were found for peak and mean power or j.mp heights. There were no group differences for LLS or net concentric phase impulse, but the net ECC impulse was lower in the ADOL group compared with ELITE skiers （ADOL： 1.33 ± 0.32 ns/kg; ELITE： 1.59 ± 0.16 ns/kg; p 〈 0.05）. Although no group differences were found for ECC asymmetry indices, a group × limb interaction was found for LLS （p 〈 0.01）, which was systematically higher in the right vs. the left limb of ADOL skiers （right： 54.1 ± 17.9 N/m/kg; left： 48.7 ± 15.7 N/m/kg;p 〈 0.01）. Conclusion： ADOL skiers demonstrated decreased ECC impulse and systematic right limb dominance in

关键词： Between-limb asymmetry Inj.ry prevention Knee inj.ries Muscle power Vertical j.mp

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Neurological heterotopic ossification:novel mechanisms,prognostic biomarkers and prophylactic therapies

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Bone Research 2020年第4期8卷 379-392页

作者： Ker Rui Wong Richelle Mychasiuk Terence j.O’Brien Sandy R.Shultz Stuart j.McDonald Rhys D.Brady Department of Neuroscience Central Clinical SchoolMonash UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia Department of Medicine Royal Melbourne HospitalThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVICAustralia Department of physiology Anatomy and MicrobiologySchool of Life SciencesLa Trobe UniversityBundooraVICAustralia

Neurological heterotopic ossification(NHO)is a debilitating condition where bone forms in soft tissue,such as muscle surrounding the hip and knee,following an inj.ry to the brain or spinal *** abnormal formation of bone can result in nerve impingement,pain,contractures and impaired *** are often diagnosed with NHO after the bone tissue has completely mineralised,leaving invasive surgical resection the only remaining treatment *** resection of NHO creates potential for added complications,particularly in patients with concomitant inj.ry to the central nervous system(Cns).Although recent work has begun to shed light on the physiological mechanisms involved in NHO,there remains a significant knowledge gap related to the prognostic biomarkers and prophylactic treatments which are necessary to prevent NHO and optimise patient *** article reviews the current understanding pertaining to NHO epidemiology,pathobiology,biomarkers and treatment *** particular,we focus on how concomitant Cns inj.ry may drive ectopic bone formation and discuss considerations for treating polytrauma patients with *** conclude that understanding of the pathogenesis of NHO is rapidly advancing,and as such,there is the strong potential for future research to unearth methods capable of identifying patients likely to develop NHO,and targeted treatments to prevent its manifestation.

关键词： such has likely

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Thermal ablation versus conventional regional hyperthermia has greater anti-tumor activity against melanoma in mice by upregulating CD4~+ cells and enhancing IL-2 secretion

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progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2009年第12期19卷 1699-1704页

作者： Yingying Zhang~(a,b),Wei Zhang~b,Cuanying Geng~c,Tongj.n Lin~d,Xiaowen Wang~b, Lingyun Zhao~b,j.ntian Tang~(b,*) a Department of Oncology,Xiangya Hospital,Central South University,Changsha 410008,China b Institute of Medical physics and Engineering,Department of Engineering physics,Tsinghua University,Beij.ng 100084,China c Clinical Medical Research Center,China-j.pan Friendship Hospital,Beij.ng 100029,China d Department of Microbiology & Immunology,Department of pediatrics,IWK Health Centre,Dalhousie University,5850 University Avenue, Halifax,ns,Canada B3j.3G9 Department of Oncology Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha 410008 China Institute of Medical physics and Engineering Department of Engineering Physics Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Clinical Medical Research Center China–Japan Friendship Hospital Beijing 100029 China Department of Microbiology & Immunology Department of Pediatrics IWK Health Centre Dalhousie University 5850 University Avenue Halifax NS Canada B3J 3G9

To determine whether conventional hyperthermia(42-15℃) or ablation therapy(>50℃) achieves better synergistic effects on direct cytotoxicity and anti-tumor immunity,we compared the therapeutic effects of two hyperthermia temperatures,43 and 55℃,in terms of cytotoxicity and upregulation of immune functions in a mouse malignant melanoma ***-bearing mice were treated by directly applying regional hyperthermia to the tumor nodule with a heating light at a temperature of 43℃for 30 min or 55℃for 10 *** tumor growth curve and mice survival rate were *** investigate the hyperthermia-induced immunological resp.nse,peripheral blood CD4~+ and CD8~+ T cells and the serum IL-2 level were *** results indicated that application of regional hyperthermia at the ablation temperature(such as 55℃) achieved better synergistic anti-tumor effects than did conventional hyperthermia(43℃).Significant increases in the number of peripheral blood CD4~+ T cells and the serum IL-2 level likely contributed to the underlying mechanism.

关键词： Hyperthermia Thermal ablation Melanoma Immunity resp.nse

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Ablation behaviour of(Hf-Ta-Zr-Nb)C high entropy carbide ceramic at temperatures above 2100℃

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j.urnal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第18期113卷 40-47页

作者： Yichen Wang Buhao Zhang Chengyu Zhang j.e Yin Michael j.Reece School of Engineering and Materials Science Queen Mary University of LondonMile End RoadLondon E14NSUnited Kingdom State Key Laboratory of High performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure Shanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200050China School of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’anShaanxi 710072China

The ablation behaviour of(Hf-Ta-Zr-Nb)C high entropy carbide(HEC4)was studied at temperatures above 2100℃using a plasma flame gun in *** microstructures,phase and chemical compositions of the HEC4 samples were investigated after *** mass ablation rate of the HEC4 samples increased with increasing ablation time from 0.21 mg cm^(−2)s^(−1)for 60 s to 0.45 mg cm^(−2)s^(−1)for 120 ***-pared to the mono-and binary carbides with commonly decreased mass and thickness after ablation,the HEC4 samples with the increased mass and thickness after ablation showed good resistance to mechan-ical scouring at such high temperatures and an oxidation controlled ablation *** ablation processes mainly include the oxidation of the carbide,the phase separation of the oxides,the melting of oxides,and the diffusion of oxygen.A composition gradient in the oxide layer was detected due to the different melting temperatures of the different oxides;Nb-Ta rich oxides formed at the front surface melted and became enriched at the edge of the samples,and the Zr-Hf rich oxides were enriched in the centre of the *** oxide layer with complex compositions and phase distributions acted as an effective ablation barrier.

关键词： High entropy carbides Transition metal carbides Ultra-high temperature ceramics Ablation resistance

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音乐社会心理学和应用心理学

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2020年

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Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2010年第1期53卷 58-67页

作者： Gary E.pICKARD patricia j.SOLLARS School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Nebraska

A new mammalian photoreceptor was recently discovered to reside in the ganglion cell layer of the inner *** intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells(ipRGCs) express a photopigment,melanopsin,that confers upon them the ability to respond to light in the absence of all rod and cone photoreceptor *** relatively few in number,ipRGCs extend their dendrites across large exp.nses of the retina making them ideally suited to function as irradiance detectors to assess changes in ambient light *** in ipRGCs appears to be mediated by transient receptor potential channels more closely resembling the phototransduction cascade of invertebrate rather than vertebrate *** convey irradiance information centrally via the optic nerve to influence several *** are the primary retinal input to the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus(SCN),a circadian oscillator and biological clock,and this input entrains the SCN to the day/night *** contribute irradiance signals that regulate pupil size and they also provide signals that interface with the autonomic nervous system to regulate rhythmic gene activity in maj.r organs of the *** also provide excitatory drive to dopaminergic amacrine cells in the retina,providing a novel basis for the restructuring of retinal circuits by *** we review the ground-breaking discoveries,current progress and directions for future investigation.

关键词： melanopsin circadian rhythms suprachiasmatic nucleus retina pupillary light reflex

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Space-and time-resolved diagnostics of the ENEA EUV discharge-produced-plasma source used for metrology and other applications

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High power Laser Science and Engineering 2015年第4期3卷 19-24页

作者： S.Bollanti p.Di Lazzaro F.Flora L.Mezi D.Murra A.Torre ENEA FSN-Fusion Physics Division-Radiation Sources Antennas and Diagnostics Laboratory

A discharge-produced-plasma(Dpp) source emitting in the extreme ultraviolet(EUV) spectral region is running at the ENEA Frascati Research Centre. The plasma is generated in low-pressure xenon gas and efficiently emits 100-ns duration radiation pulses in the 10–20-nm wavelength range, with an energy of 20 m j.shot/sr at a 10-Hz repetition rate. The complex discharge evolution is constantly examined and controlled with electrical measurements, while a nsgated CCD camera allowed observation of the discharge development in the visible, detection of time-resolved plasmacolumn pinching, and optimization of the pre-ionization timing. Accurately calibrated Zr-filtered pIN diodes are used to monitor the temporal behaviour and energy emission of the EUV pulses, while the calibration of a dosimetric film allows quantitative imaging of the emitted radiation. This comprehensive plasma diagnostics has demonstrated its effectiveness in suitably adj.sting the source configuration for several applications, such as exposures of photonic materials and innovative photoresists.

关键词： discharge produced plasma EUV extreme ultraviolet plasma diagnostics xenon plasma

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Cardiovascular dysfunction following spinal cord inj.ry

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第2期11卷 189-194页

作者： Elizabeth partida Eugene Mironets Shaoping Hou Veronica j.Tom Spinal Cord Research Center Department of Neurobiology & Anatomy Drexel University College of Medicine

Both sensorimotor and autonomic dysfunctions often occur after spinal cord inj.ry（SCI）. particularly, a high thoracic or cervical SCI interrupts supraspinal vasomotor pathways and results in disordered hemodynamics due to deregulated sympathetic outflow. As a result of the reduced sympathetic activity, patients with SCI may experience hypotension, cardiac dysrhythmias, and hypothermia post-inj.ry. In the chronic phase, changes within the Cns and blood vessels lead to orthostatic hypotension and life-threatening autonomic dysreflexia（AD）. AD is characterized by an episodic, massive sympathetic discharge that causes severe hypertension associated with bradycardia. The syndrome is often triggered by unpleasant visceral or sensory stimuli below the inj.ry level. Currently the only treatments are palliative - once a stimulus elicits AD, pharmacological vasodilators are administered to help reduce the spike in arterial blood pressure. However, a more effective means would be to mitigate AD development by attenuating contributing mechanisms, such as the reorganization of intraspinal circuits below the level of inj.ry. A better understanding of the neuropathophysiology underlying cardiovascular dysfunction after SCI is essential to better develop novel therapeutic approaches to restore hemodynamic performance.

关键词： blood pressure heart rate autonomic dysreflexia hypertension bradycardia spinal cord lesion sprouting plasticity bladder distension relay sympathetic activity

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非线性界面上的光学双稳态

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应用激光 1980年第4期 43-45页

作者： p.W.Smith j.p.Hermann W.j.Tomlinson p.j.Maloney 范元绚法国综合工科学校量子光学实验室法国综合工科学校量子光学实验室美国贝尔实验室美国贝尔实验室

在某些情况下,在一线性介质和一非线性（克尔效应）介质的界面上,反射系数随光强的变化会表现出滞后效应。我们用～1ns 的红宝石激光脉冲入射到玻璃-CS2界面上进行了实验,首次对这种滞后效应作了实验验证。本文介绍了这一实验结果。

关键词：非线性介质光强红宝石激光反射系数入射光脉冲波形

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High-power passively Q-switched 2 μm all-solid-state laser based on a Bi_2Te_3 saturable absorber

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photonics Research 2017年第5期5卷 461-466页

作者： X.LIU K.YANG S.ZHAO T.LI W.QIAO H.ZHANG B.ZHANG j.HE j.BIAN L.ZHENG L.SU j.XU School of Information Science and Engineering and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Technology and ApplicationShandong University State Key Laboratory of Crystal Material Shandong University State Key Laboratory of pulsed power Laser Technology Key Laboratory of Transparent and Opto-functional Inorganic Materials Artificial Crystal Research Center Shanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of Sciences School of physics Science and Engineering Institute for Advanced Study Tongji University

By using the ultrasound-assisted liquid phase exfoliation method, Bi_2Te_3 nanosheets are synthesized and deposited onto a quartz plate to form a kind of saturable absorber(SA), in which nonlinear absorption properties around 2 μm are analyzed with a home-made mode-locked laser. With the as-prepared Bi_2Te_3 SA employed,a stable passively Q-switched all-solid-state 2 μm laser is successfully realized. Q-switched pulses with a maximum average output power of 2.03 W are generated under an output coupling of 5%, corresponding to the maximum single-pulse energy of 18.4 μj.and peak power of 23 W. The delivered shortest pulse duration and maximum repetition rate are 620 ns and 118 k Hz under an output coupling of 2%, respectively. It is the first presentation of such Bi_2Te_3 SA employed in a solid-state Q-switched crystalline laser at 2 μm, to the best of our knowledge. In comparison with other 2 D materials suitable for pulsed 2 μm lasers, the saturable absorption performance of Bi_2Te_3 SA is proved to be promising in generating high power and high-repetition-rate 2 μm laser pulses.

关键词： Te SA m all-solid-state laser based on a Bi2Te3 saturable absorber High-power passively Q-switched 2 Bi

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