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High prevalence of epilepsy in onchocerciasis endemic health areas in Democratic Republic of the Congo

Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2018年第1期7卷 663-676页

作者： Evy Lenaerts Michel Mandro Deby Mukendi Patrick Suykerbuyk Housseini Dolo deogratias wonya’rossi Françoise Ngave Chellafe Ensoy-Musoro Anne Laudisoit An Hotterbeekx Robert Colebunders Global Health Institute University of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium Provincial Health Division of Ituri Ministry of HealthBuniaDemocratic Republic of Congo Centre Neuro Psycho Pathologique Universitede Kinshasa(CNPP-UNIKIN)KinshasaDemocratic Republic of Congo International Center of Excellence in Research Faculty of Medicine and OdontostomatologyBamakoMali Neglected Tropical Diseases Control program Ministry of HealthBuniaDemocratic Republic of the Congo Centre de Recherche en Maladies Tropicales Hopital General de Reference de RethyRethyDemocratic Republic of Congo Interuniversity Institute for Biostatistics and statistical Bioinformatics University of HasseltHasseltBelgium EcoHealth Alliance New YorkUSA Global Health Institute Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesGouverneur Kinsbergen CentrumDoornstraat 3312610 WilrijkBelgium

Background:A high prevalence of epilepsy has been observed in many onchocerciasis endemic *** study is to estimate the prevalence of active epilepsy and exposure to Onchocerca volvulus infection in a rural population in Ituri province,Democratic Republic of ***:In August 2016,a community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in an onchocerciasis endemic area in the rural health zone of Logo,Ituri *** within two neighbouring health areas were randomly *** identify persons with epilepsy,a three-stage approach was *** the first stage,all individuals of the selected households were screened for epilepsy by non-medical field workers using a validated 5-item *** the second and third stage,suspected cases of epilepsy were examined by non-specialist medical doctors,and by a neurologist,respectively.A case of epilepsy was defined according to the 2014 International League Against Epilepsy(ILAE)*** to *** was assessed by testing for IgG4 antibodies to an *** antigen(OV16 Rapid Test,)in individuals aged 3 years and ***:Out of 1389 participants included in the survey,64 were considered to have active epilepsy(prevalence 4.6%)(95%confidence interval[CI]:3.6-5.8).The highest age-specific epilepsy prevalence estimate was observed in those aged 20 to 29 years(8.2%).Median age of epilepsy onset was 10 years,with a peak incidence of epilepsy in the 10 to 15 year-old age ***16 test results were available for 912 participants,of whom 30.5%(95%CI,27.6-33.6)tested *** prevalence of OV16 positivity in a village ranged from 8.6 to 68.0%.After adjusting for age,gender and ivermectin use,a significant association between exposure to onchocerciasis and epilepsy was observed(adjusted odds ratio=3.19,95%CI:1.63-5.64)(P<0.001).Conclusions:A high prevalence of epilepsy and a significant association between epilepsy and exposure to *** were observed in the population in Ituri

关键词： Onchocerciasis epilepsy Prevalence Democratic Republic of Congo

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Community perceptions of epilepsy and its treatment in an onchocerciasis endemic region in Ituri,Democratic Republic of Congo

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2018年第1期7卷 1202-1210页

作者： Housseini Dolo Michel Mandro deogratias wonya’rossi Francoise Ngave Jessica Fraeyman Joseph NSiewe Patrick Suykerbuyk Robert Colebunders Global Health Institute University of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium Provincial Ministry of Health BuniaIturiDemocratic Republic of the Congo International Center of Excellence in Research Faculty of Medicine and Odonto StomatologyBamakoMali Research Group Social Epidemiology and Health Policy University of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium Centre de Recherche en Maladies Tropicales de l’Ituri Hopital General de Reference de RethyRethyDemocratic Republic of Congo

Background:A recent study in the Logo and Rethy health zones in the Ituri Province in the Democratic Republic of Congo(DRC)reported that the majority of the persons with epilepsy(PWE)had not been treated with anti-epileptic medication(AEM)or had stopped *** to the implementation of an epilepsy treatment programme in these health zones,this study investigated the perceptions and experiences regarding epilepsy and its treatment amongst community leaders,PWE and/or their families,traditional healers and health ***:A total of 14 focus group discussions(FGD)and 39 semi-structured interviews(SSI)were conducted with PWE and/or their family members,community leaders,traditional healers,and health professionals in the Logo and Rethy health zones during February 2-19,***:In the two health zones,the clinical signs of convulsive epilepsy were recognized by community ***,a variety of misconceptions about epilepsy were identified including the beliefs that epilepsy is a family-related condition,a contagious disease,is transmitted by insects,saliva or by touching a person of the same sex during seizures,or is caused by evil spirits and *** role of traditional healers in spreading these beliefs was *** study also reported sexual abuse on PWE,stigmatisation of PWE and loss of productivity of PWE and their *** PWE had been using AEM and traditional treatment but were not convinced about the efficacy of these treatment *** lack of training of health providers about epilepsy care,financial barriers in obtaining AEM,and the shortage of AEM at primary health facilities were *** remedies,the community requested access to a decentralized center for epilepsy *** also proposed using churches and community health workers as communication channels for information about ***:Clinical signs of convulsive epilepsy were recognized by the community in the Logo and Rethy health

关键词： Epilepsy Onchocerciasis Community Perception Experiences Treatment Programme Qualitative study

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Connection Strings Property on ADO Connection Object

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计算机科学 2002年第Z1期29卷 261-264,281页

作者： Girigi deogratias School of Information Science and Engineering Central South University Changsha 410083

［1］Microsoft, Internet information services 5. 0, Resource Guide,Microsoft Press, 2000［2］Spencer K. Database connectivity with ASP and ADO, Premier Pr, Wrox Press Inc, 1999［3］Infinite solution software, Infinite Solution Press, 2001［4］Peterson J. What is ADO connection string? INT Media Group,Incorporated, 23 Old Kings Highway South Darien, 2001［5］Williston P. Connection string within OLEDB consumer application, Wrox Press Inc, 2001［6］Kybck J. ADO Primer: Basic database connect, Addison Wesley Profession, 2001［7］Kbinf; Common ADO connection errors, APress, 2001［8］Merant, Connect ADO user's guide and Reference, APress,2001［9］Muck T. ADO connection, McGraw-Hill Professional Publishing, Osborne/McGraw-Hill, 2001［10］Pizzo M,Cochran J. OLEDB for ODBC programmer, Wrox Press Inc, 2001［11］Anderson C. use ADO to list field definition for table, Wrox Press Inc, 2001［12］Gronbach C. Introduction to ADO, Microsoft Press, 2001［13］Prothman C. ADO connection string samples, Northwest training System, 2001［14］Robison L. Teach Yourself Database Programming with Visual C++ in 21 days, Kaspia Systems, Inc. , in Portland, Oregon,Sams, 1998［15］John B. VB programmer, ADO Connection String Maker for Available DSNs, Prentice Hall PTR, 2001［16］Pizzo M. Enabling Component Databases with OLE DB, Wrox Press Inc, 2001. 139～173［17］Gunderloy M. Visual Basic Developer's Guide to ADO, Sybex,1999.

关键词： ADO connection sting parameters Providers ODBC driver Network library DSN connection DSNless connection Run-time errors

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Investigating Dependences in Packet-queues

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High Technology Letters 2004年第1期10卷 57-61页

作者：曹卫华 Girigi deogratias Wu Min School of Information Sciences & Engineering Central South University Changsha 410083 P.R.China

Many packet communication networks carry several classes of traffic,each with its own service characteristics. The packet arrival processes from each source are also often bursty (highly variable),which can contribute to long packet delay. Ssociated dependence among successive service times and between service times and inter arrival times also can be for packet queues involving variable packet lengths. These dependence effects are demonstrated analytically by considering a multi class single server queue with batch Poisson arrival process.

关键词：泊松到达程序服务时间内部到达时间包队列包通信网络

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Reducing neonatal mortality and respiratory distress syndrome associated with preterm birth:a scoping review on the impact of antenatal corticosteroids in low-and middle-income countries

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2021年第2期17卷 131-140页

作者： Stanley Mwita Mary Jande deogratias Katabalo Benjamin Kamala Deborah Dewey School of Pharmacy Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences.Bugando AreaPO Box 1464MwanzaTanzania

Background The most common cause of death among preterm infants in low-and middle-income countries is respiratory distress *** purpose of this review was to assess whether antenatal corticosteroids given to women at risk of preterm birth at≤34 weeks of gestation reduce rates of neonatal mortality and respiratory distress syndrome in low-and middle-income *** Two reviewers independently searched four databases including MEDLINE(through PubMed),CINAHL,Embase,and Cochrane *** did not apply any language or date *** publications up to April 2020 were included in this *** The search yielded 71 articles,10 of which were included in this review(3 randomized controlled trials,7 observa-tional studies,36,773 neonates).The majority of studies reported associations between exposure to antenatal corticosteroids and lower rates of neonatal mortality and respiratory distress ***,a few studies reported that antenatal corticosteroids were not associated with improved preterm birth *** Most of the studies in low-and middle-income countries showed that use of antenatal corticosteroids in hospitals with high levels of neonatal care was associated with lower rates of neonatal mortality and respiratory distress ***,the findings are inconclusive because some studies in low-resource settings reported that antenatal corticosteroids had no benefit in reducing rates of neonatal mortality or respiratory distress *** research on the impact of antenatal corticosteroids in resource-limited settings in low-income countries is a priority.

关键词： Antenatal corticosteroids Low-and middle-income countries Neonatal mortality Respiratory distress syndrome

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Core@shell sub-ten-nanometer noble metal nanoparticles with a controllable thin Pt shell and their catalytic activity towards oxygen reduction

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Nano Research 2015年第1期8卷 271-280页

作者： Ntirikwendera deogratias Muwei Ji Yong Zhang Jiajia Liu Jiatao Zhang Hesun Zhu Research Center of Materials Science School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China Department of Materials Physics and Chemistry Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China

Reducing Pt loading, while improving electrocatalytic activity and the stability of Pt-based nanostructured materials, is currently a key challenge in green energy technology. Herein, we report the controllable synthesis of tri-metallic （Au@Ag@Pt） and bimetallic （Ag@Pt） particles consisting of a controllable thin Pt shell, via interface-mediated galvanic displacement. Through oil-ethanol-H2O interface mediation, the controllable ＂out to in＂ displacement of Ag atoms to Pt enables the formation of a thin Pt shell on monodisperse sub-ten-nanometer Au@Ag and Ag nanocrystals. The synthesized nanoparticles with a thin Pt shell exhibited potential catalytic activity towards the oxygen reduction reaction （ORR） due to the high exposure of Pt atoms.

关键词： core@shelLmetal nanocomposites Pt shellsub-ten-nanometer oxygen reduction

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Evaluation of serum-based real-time PCR to detect Schistosoma mansoni infection before and after treatment

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2020年第3期9卷 114-120页

作者： Antje Fuss Humphrey deogratias Mazigo Andreas Mueller Medical Mission Institute Hermann-Schell-Str.797074 WuerzburgGermany School of Medicine Department of Medical Parasitology&EntomologyCatholic University of Health and Allied SciencesP.O.Box 1464MwanzaTanzania Klinikum Wuerzburg Mitte gGmbH Medical Mission HospitalDept.of Tropical MedicineWuerzburgGermany

Background:To detect acute schistosomiasis,low-intensity infections,or to verify the success of treatment with praziquantel,highly sensitive test methods are *** aim of this study was therefore to demonstrate the performance of Schistosoma mansoni specific DNA detection in serum and urine using real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR)in an endemic area before and after ***:The study pursued a 1-week and 20-weeks longitudinal design with a treatment intervention among 36 study participants aged 18 to 70 years in the community of Kayenze,a fishing village in Ilemela district on the southern shore of Lake Victoria in north-western Tanzania between February and June ***,urine and stool samples were collected from each participant to diagnose Schistosoma mansoni infection before and two times after treatment with praziquantel using serum-and urine based real-time PCR,point-of-care circulating cathodic antigen(POC-CCA)rapid diagnostic test and the microscopic Kato-Katz(KK)*** coefficient(κ)was used to estimate the agreement between these diagnostic tests compared to a combined“gold standard”of positive results by serum-based real-time PCR and/or positive egg counts determined by ***’s Tau rank correlation was used to examine the relationship between cycle threshold(Ct)-values and egg counts and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare the median Ct-values of the different examination time ***:By using the combined“gold standard”of the parasitological Kato-Katz test and/or serum-based real-time PCR,a *** prevalence of 77.1%could be determined at *** terms of sensitivity,serum-based realtime PCR(96.3%)and POC-CCA assay(77.8%)showed the highest *** detection of DNA from urine samples showed the lowest sensitivity(33.3%).Treatment with praziquantel resulted in a significantly reduced prevalence of *** infection could be detected by Kato-Katz,with the POC-CCA test only 33.3%.The an

关键词： Schistosoma mansoni Real-time PCR Circulating DNA Tanzania

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Relationship between Fiber Properties and Rotor Spun Yarn Strength

Relationship between Fiber Properties and Rotor Spun Yarn St...

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作者： NURWAHA deogratias 东华大学

学位级别：硕士

The relationship between fiber properties,and yarn properties has been the focus of research,and considerable success has been *** mathematical models have been used to understand and predict the complex relationships between fiber parameters and yarn characteristics,and substantial research has been done to determine methods of predicting yarn *** the regression approach has been used more intensively for prediction of the yarn strength with an assumption of ***,some studies have showed that relationship between yarn strength and fiber properties is nonlinear.In this study we present a comparison study of three models for predicting the strength of rotor spun cotton yarns from fiber *** adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system(ANFIS)and Support Vector Machines(SVM),generally called Artificial Intelligent Techniques,that are capable of mapping non linear relations and Multiple Linear Regression models are used to predict the rotor spun yarn strength. HVI(high volume instrument)and Uster AFIS(advanced fiber information system) fiber test results are used to train and test the three *** important stages have been involved in this study.In the first stage,we used the ANFIS method to predict rotor spun yarn strength form fiber properties;that is,we identify the relationship between yarn strength and fiber *** impact of each fiber property on the rotor spun yarn strength has been *** graphs illustrating the relationship between yarn strength and one of the fiber properties,with all the other properties held constant have been plotted. An examination of each graph revealed the nonlinear relationship between rotor spun yarn strength and all fiber *** direction of each fiber property influence on yarn strength has been also *** fiber strength,upper half mean length,length uniformity and yarn count has a positive impact whereas increasing micronaire,yellowness and sh

关键词： rotor spun yarn strength fiber properties ANFIS SVM

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Adoption and Impact of Tobacco Recommended Varieties among Smallholder Farmers in Tabora Region

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2012年第5期2卷 553-562页

作者： Nicholaus Musimu Kuboja Samwel Kazyoba deogratias Lwezaura Tumbi-Agricultural Research and Development Institute Department of Research and Development Ministry of Agriculture Food Security and Cooperatives

The research examines the status of adoption of improved tobacco recommended varieties among smallholder farmers with a view to assess the impact of tobacco production on household income in the region. A survey approach was used to collect data from a sample of 160 tobacco farmers who were randomly selected. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression model were used to analyze the data. Results show that farmers have responded appreciably to intervention programme that promote the use of the tobacco recommended varieties with an adoption rate of 61.6%. Information flow from various tobacco companies was the significant factor influencing the decision of farmers to adopt the tobacco recommended varieties. Constraints in the adoption noted include poor germination of seeds, high demand of inputs, unreliable availability of seeds and inadequate knowledge on tobacco production. The mean household income from tobacco production （4,232,415 Tshs） was significantly higher than the mean income of other income sources cumulatively （211,333 Tshs） with an income advantage of 4,021,082 Tshs. The study concludes that farmers are responding appreciably to intervention programmes that promote the use of tobacco recommended varieties in the region. Also tobacco sub-sector has higher contribution on household total income as compared to other enterprises.

关键词： Adoption tobacco varieties logistic analysis.

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Antenatal Corticosteroid Use and Perinatal Mortality According to Gestational Age among Preterm Singletons Born at 27 to 34 Weeks of Gestation in Hospitals in Tanzania

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2022年第3期12卷 569-576页

作者： Stanley Mwita deogratias Katabalo Karol J. Marwa Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacy Practice Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences Mwanza Tanzania Department of Pharmacology Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences Mwanza Tanzania

Background: Antenatal corticosteroid (ACS) treatment has been proven to decrease rates of adverse perinatal outcomes when administered to pregnant women at risk for preterm delivery. Given the uncertainty about the benefit of ACS according to gestational age, we aimed to examine whether there was any benefit of ACS on perinatal mortality and respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) according to different gestational ages at birth. Methods: Secondary analysis of data from an observational prospective chart review study was conducted in four hospitals located in the Mwanza region, Tanzania. The study population consisted of singleton infants delivered between 27 and 34 weeks of gestation between July 2019 and February 2020. Sociodemographic and medical data were recorded from participants’ medical records. Results: Over an eight-month period, 838 preterm singletons were delivered between 27 and 34 weeks of gestation. Three hundred and twelve (37.2%) pregnant women received at least one dose of ACS. Among infants exposed to ACS, perinatal mortality rates were significantly lower than those without exposure at the 27th week (27.8% vs 94.4%, P < 0.001), the 29th week (13.3% vs 51.4%, P = 0.012) and the 34th week (3.0% vs 18.2%, P < 0.001). Among infants exposed to ACS, the RDS rate was significantly lower than those without exposure only at the 32nd week (9.5% vs 25.0%, P = 0.039). Conclusion: Our findings add to the literature about the benefits of ACS for preterm infants of various gestational ages in low-resource settings. Compared to unexposed infants, those exposed to ACS and born at 27th and 34th weeks of gestation experienced lower rates of perinatal mortality. Future research, especially among infants born before the 27th week of pregnancy, is a priority.

关键词： Antenatal Corticosteroid Perinatal Mortality Gestational Age Preterm Singletons Tanzania

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