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Correcting magnification error in foveal avascular zone area measurements of optical coherence tomography angiography images with estimated axial length

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Eye and Vision 2024年第5期10卷 18-27页

作者： Deepaysh D.C.S.Dutt Seyhan Yazar Jason Charng david A.mackey Fred K.Chen Danuta M.Sampson Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science(Incorporating Lions Eye Institute) The University of Western AustraliaPerthWAAustralia Garvan Institute of Medical Research SydneyAustralia Ophthalmology Department of SurgeryUniversity of MelbourneEast MelbourneVICAustralia Centre for Eye Research Australia Royal Victorian Eye and Ear HospitalEast MelbourneVICAustralia Surrey Biophotonics Centre for VisionSpeech and Signal Processing and School of Biosciences and MedicineThe University of SurreyGuildfordUK Institute of Ophthalmology University College LondonLondonUK Lions Eye Institute 2 Verdun StreetNedlandsWA 6009Australia

Background:To generate and validate a method to estimate axial length estimated(AL_(est))from spherical equivalent(SE)and corneal curvature[keratometry(K)],and to determine if this AL_(est)can replace actual axial length(AL_(act))for correcting transverse magnification error in optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)images using the Littmann-Bennett ***:Data from 1301 participants of the Raine Study Gen2-20 year follow-up were divided into two datasets to generate(n=650)and validate(n=651)a relationship between AL,SE,and *** developed formula was then applied to a separate dataset of 46 participants with AL,SE,and K measurements and OCTA images to estimate and compare the performance of AL_(est)against AL_(act)in correcting transverse magnification error in OCTA images when measuring the foveal avascular zone area(FAZA).Results:The formula for AL_(est)yielded the equation:AL_(est)=2.102K−0.4125SE+7.268,R^(2)=*** was good agreement between AL_(est)and AL_(act)for both study *** mean difference[standard deviation(SD)]between FAZA corrected with AL_(est)and AL_(act)was 0.002(0.015)mm^(2)with the 95%limits of agreement(LoA)of−0.027 to 0.031 mm^(2).In comparison,mean difference(SD)between FAZA uncorrected and corrected with AL_(act)was−0.005(0.030)mm^(2),with 95%LoA of−0.064 to 0.054 mm^(2).Conclusions:AL_(act)is more accurate than AL_(est)and hence should be used preferentially in magnification error correction in the clinical *** corrected with AL_(est)is comparable to FAZA corrected with AL_(act),while FAZA measurements using images corrected with AL_(est)have a greater accuracy than measurements on uncorrected ***,in the absence of AL_(act),clinicians should use AL_(est)to correct for magnification error as this provides for more accurate measurements of fundus parameters than uncorrected images.

关键词： OCTA Keratometry Spherical equivalent Axial length Littmann-Bennett formula

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Identifcation of Immunity-related Genes in Arabidopsis and Cassava Using Genomic Data

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2013年第6期11卷 345-353页

作者： Luis Guillermo Leal A'lvaro Perez Andre's Quintero A'ngela Bayona Juan Felipe Ortiz Anju Gangadharan david mackey Camilo Lo'pez Liliana Lo'pez-Kleine Department of Statistics Universidad Nacional de Colombia Department of Biology Universidad Nacional de Colombia Department of Molecular Genetics The Ohio State University

Recent advances in genomic and post-genomic technologies have provided the opportu- nity to generate a previously unimaginable amount of information. However, biological knowledge is still needed to improve the understanding of complex mechanisms such as plant immune responses. Better knowledge of this process could improve crop production and management. Here, we used holistic analysis to combine our own microarray and RNA-seq data with public genomic data from Arabidopsis and cassava in order to acquire biological knowledge about the relationships between proteins encoded by immunity-related genes （IRGs） and other genes. This approach was based on a kernel method adapted for the construction of gene networks. The obtained results allowed us to propose a list of new IRGs. A putative function in the immunity pathway was predicted for the new IRGs. The analysis of networks revealed that our predicted IRGs are either well documented or recognized in previous co-expression studies. In addition to robust relationships between IRGs, there is evidence suggesting that other cellular processes may be also strongly related to immunity.

关键词： Arabidopsis Cassava Functional gene prediction Genomic data Kernel canonical correlation ajalysi Plant immunity

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Redox sensor QSOX1 regulates plant immunity by targeting GSNOR to modulate ROS generation

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Molecular Plant 2021年第8期14卷 1312-1327页

作者： Ho Byoung Chae Min Gab Kim Chang Ho Kang Joung Hun Park Eun Seon Lee Sang-Uk Lee Yong Hun Chi Seol Ki Paeng Su Bin Bae Seong Dong Wi Byung-Wook Yun Woe-Yeon Kim Dae-Jin Yun david mackey Sang Yeol Lee Division of Applied Life Sciences(BK21)and PMBBRC Gyeongsang National UniversityJinju 52828Korea College of Pharmacy Research Institute of Pharmaceutical ScienceGyeongsang National UniversityJinju 52828Korea School of Applied Biosciences College of Agriculture and Life SciencesKyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Korea Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering Konkuk UniversitySeoul 05029Korea Department of Horticulture and Crop Science Department of Molecular Geneticsand Center for Applied Plant SciencesThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA College of Life Sciences Qingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdao 266109P.R.China Plant Propagation Team Plant Production DivisionSejong National ArboretumSejong 30106Korea

Reactive oxygen signaling regulates numerous biological processes,including stress responses in *** sensors transduce reactive oxygen signals into cellular ***,we present biochemical evidence that a plant quiescin sulfhydryl oxidase homolog(QSOX1)is a redox sensor that negatively regulates plant immunity against a bacterial *** expression level of QSOX1 is inversely correlated with pathogen-induced reactive oxygen species(ROS)***,QSOX1 both senses and regulates ROS levels by interactingn with and mediating redox regulation of S-nitrosoglutathione reductase,which,consistent with previous findings,influences reactive nitrogen-mediated regulation of ROS ***,our data indicate that QSOX1 is a redox sensorthat negatively regulates plant immunity by linking reactive oxygen and reactive nitrogen signaling to limit ROS production.

关键词： redox sensor plant immu nity QSOX1 GSNOR reactive oxygen species(ROS) reactive nitrogen species(RNS)

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Making bridges between preclinical and clinical insights into age-related cognitive decline

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2321-2322页

作者： david VC Brito Clévio Nóbrega Algarve Biomedical Center-Research Institute(ABC-RI) Campus GambelasFaroPortugal Algarve Biomedical Center-(ABC) Campus GambelasFaroPortugal Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences(FMCB) University of AlgarveGambelas CampusFaroPortugal

With people living longer,the societal impact of age-related cognitive decline is becoming more pronounced(Crimmins,2015).Thus,it is increasingly important to comprehend the cognitive shifts linked to aging-whether th... 详细信息

关键词： bridges becoming insight

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Women in visual neural regeneration research

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 489-490页

作者： Tonia S.Rex david J.Calkins Vanderbilt Eye Institute Vanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTNUSA

The year 2024 marks the 60^(th)anniversary of Title IX and 25 years since the New York Times revealed bias against female faculty members at the Massachusetts Institute of *** take an opportunity here to examine the state of gender bias in a relatively new yet already prominent field,neural regeneration in the visual system,for which there is a well-defined context useful for this *** National Eye Institute(NEI)provided the first round of research funding for its Audacious Goals Initiative(AGI)on visual neural regeneration in 2013 and the last round in ***,we focus on this *** sources included PubMed,the National Science Foundation(NSF),the NEI,the Blue Ridge Institute for Medical Research and data from the major professional organization for eye and vision research,the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology(ARVO).

关键词： neural visual Times

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Complement-dependent neuroinflammation in spinal cord injury:from pathology to therapeutic implications

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1324-1335页

作者： Hassan Saad Bachar El Baba Ali Tfaily Firas Kobeissy Juanmarco Gutierrez Gonzalez Daniel Refai Gerald R.Rodts Christian Mustroph david Gimbel Jonathan Grossberg Daniel L.Barrow Matthew F.Gary Ali M.Alawieh Department of Neurosurgery Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Department of Neurology Yale UniversityNew HavenCTUSA Center for Neurotrauma Multiomics&Biomarkers(CNMB)Morehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA

Spinal cord injury remains a major cause of disability in young adults,and beyond acute decompression and rehabilitation,there are no pharmacological treatments to limit the progression of injury and optimize recovery in this *** the thorough investigation of the complement system in triggering and propagating cerebral neuroinflammation,a similar role for complement in spinal neuroinflammation is a focus of ongoing *** this work,we survey the current literature investigating the role of complement in spinal cord injury including the sources of complement proteins,triggers of complement activation,and role of effector functions in the *** study relevant data demonstrating the different triggers of complement activation after spinal cord injury including direct binding to cellular debris,and or activation via antibody binding to damage-associated molecular *** effector functions of complement have been implicated in spinal cord injury,and we critically evaluate recent studies on the dual role of complement anaphylatoxins in spinal cord injury while emphasizing the lack of pathophysiological understanding of the role of opsonins in spinal cord *** this pathophysiological review,we systematically review the different translational approaches used in preclinical models of spinal cord injury and discuss the challenges for future translation into human *** review emphasizes the need for future studies to dissect the roles of different complement pathways in the pathology of spinal cord injury,to evaluate the phases of involvement of opsonins and anaphylatoxins,and to study the role of complement in white matter degeneration and regeneration using translational strategies to supplement genetic models.

关键词： complement neuroinflammation neuroplasticity regeneration spinal cord injury targeted therapy

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Silk-based nerve guidance conduits with macroscopic holes modulate the vascularization of regenerating rat sciatic nerve

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1789-1800页

作者： Carina Hromada Patrick Heimel Markus Kerbl LászlóGál Sylvia Nürnberger Barbara Schaedl James Ferguson Nicole Swiadek Xavier Monforte Johannes C.Heinzel Antal Nógrádi Andreas H.Teuschl-Woller david Hercher Department Life Science Engineering University of Applied Sciences Technikum WienViennaAustria Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration ViennaAustria Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVAViennaAustria University Clinic of Dentistry Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic SurgeryLandesklinikum Wiener Neustadt2700 Wiener NeustadtAustria Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyAlbert Szent-Györgyi Medical SchoolUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary Medical University of Vienna Department of Orthopedics and Trauma SurgeryDevision of Trauma SurgeryViennaAustria Department of Hand- PlasticReconstructive and Burn SurgeryBG Unfallklinik TuebingenUniversity of TuebingenTuebingenGermany

Peripheral nerve injuries induce a severe motor and sensory deficit. Since the availability of autologous nerve transplants for nerve repair is very limited, alternative treatment strategies are sought, including the use of tubular nerve guidance conduits(tNGCs). However, the use of tNGCs results in poor functional recovery and central necrosis of the regenerating tissue, which limits their application to short nerve lesion defects(typically shorter than 3 cm). Given the importance of vascularization in nerve regeneration, we hypothesized that enabling the growth of blood vessels from the surrounding tissue into the regenerating nerve within the tNGC would help eliminate necrotic processes and lead to improved regeneration. In this study, we reported the application of macroscopic holes into the tubular walls of silk-based tNGCs and compared the various features of these improved silk^(+) tNGCs with the tubes without holes(silk^(–) tNGCs) and autologous nerve transplants in an 8-mm sciatic nerve defect in rats. Using a combination of micro-computed tomography and histological analyses, we were able to prove that the use of silk^(+) tNGCs induced the growth of blood vessels from the adjacent tissue to the intraluminal neovascular formation. A significantly higher number of blood vessels in the silk^(+) group was found compared with autologous nerve transplants and silk^(–), accompanied by improved axon regeneration at the distal coaptation point compared with the silk^(–) tNGCs at 7 weeks postoperatively. In the 15-mm(critical size) sciatic nerve defect model, we again observed a distinct ingrowth of blood vessels through the tubular walls of silk^(+) tNGCs, but without improved functional recovery at 12 weeks postoperatively. Our data proves that macroporous tNGCs increase the vascular supply of regenerating nerves and facilitate improved axonal regeneration in a short-defect model but not in a critical-size defect model. This study suggests that further optimizatio

关键词： axon regeneration blood vessel functional recovery macroporous nerve lesion peripheral nerve repair sciatic nerve silk-based nerve guidance conduit vascularization

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Software, Software Engineering and Software Engineering Research: Some Unconventional Thoughts

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2009年第2期24卷 189-197页

作者： david Notkin Computer Science and Engineering University of Washington Seattle

Software engineering is broadly discussed as falling far short of expectations. Data and examples are used to justify how software itself is often poor, how the engineering of software leaves much to be desired, and how research in software engineering has not made enough progress to help overcome these weaknesses. However, these data and examples are presented and interpreted in ways that are arguably imbalanced. This imbalance, usually taken at face value, may be distracting the field from making significant progress towards improving the effective engineering of software, a goal the entire community shares. Research dichotomies, which tend to pit one approach against another, often subtly hint that there is a best way to engineer software or a best way to perform research on software. This, too, may be distracting the field from important classes of progress.

关键词： software engineering/general software engineering process/life cycle

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The functional properties of synapses made by regenerated axons across spinal cord lesion sites in lamprey

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第10期17卷 2272-2277页

作者： david Parker Department of Physiology Developmentand NeuroscienceUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK

While the anatomical properties of regenerated axons across spinal cord lesion sites have been studied extensively,little is known of how the functional properties of regenerated synapses compared to those in unlesioned *** study aims to compare the properties of synapses made by regenerated axons with unlesioned axons using the lamprey,a model system for spinal injury research,in which functional locomotor recovery after spinal cord lesions is associated with axonal regeneration across the lesion *** synapses below the lesion site did not differ from synapses from unlesioned axons with respect to the amplitude and duration of single excitatory postsynaptic *** also showed the same activity-dependent depression over spike ***,regenerated synapses did differ from unlesioned synapses as the estimated number of synaptic vesicles was greater and there was evidence for increased postsynaptic quantal *** axons above the lesion site,the amplitude and duration of single synaptic inputs also did not differ significantly from unlesioned ***,in this case,there was evidence of a reduction in release probability and inputs facilitated rather than depressed over spike *** inputs from single regenerated axons below the lesion site thus do not increase in amplitude to compensate for the reduced number of descending axons after functional ***,the postsynaptic input was maintained at the unlesioned level using different synaptic ***,the facilitation from the same initial amplitude above the lesion site made the synaptic input over spike trains functionally *** may help to increase propriospinal activity across the lesion site to compensate for the lesion-induced reduction in supraspinal *** animal experiments were approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Cambridge University.

关键词： electrophysiology lamprey plasticity regeneration reticulospinal axon spinal cord spinal injury synapse

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Conversion of Solar Energy to Fuels by Inorganic Heterogeneous Systems

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催化学报 2011年第6期32卷 879-890页

作者： Kimfung LI david MARTIN Department of Chemical Engineering University College LondonTorrington PlaceLondonWC1E 7JEUK

Over the last several years,the need to find clean and renewable energy sources has increased rapidly because current fossil fuels will not only eventually be depleted,but their continuous combustion leads to a dramatic increase in the carbon dioxide amount in *** of the Sun's radiation can provide a solution to both *** fuel can be generated by using solar energy to split water,and liquid fuels can be produced via direct CO2 *** would create an essentially free carbon or at least carbon neutral energy *** this tutorial review,the current progress in fuels' generation directly driven by solar energy is *** mechanisms are discussed with suggestions for future research.

关键词：固体超强碱氧化钙硝酸钾氧化铝氧化锆氢氧化钾硝酸钙

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