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The anti-inflammatory effects of exercise on autoimmune diseases:A 20-year systematic review

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 353-367,I0001页

作者： Beibei Luo Dao Xiang Xiaorong Ji Xuan chen Rui Li Shuxin Zhang Yujun Meng david c.nieman Peijie chen School of Exercise and Health Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Human Performance Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China Department of Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine Naval Medical CenterShanghai 200433China National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation Naval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China Human Performance Laboratory Appalachian State UniversityNorth Carolina Research CampusKannapolisNC 28081USA Research Institute for Doping control Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China

Background:The anti-inflammatory effect of exercise may be an underlying factor in improving several autoimmune diseases.The aim of this systematic review was to examine the evidence on the role of exercise training in mitigating inflammation in adolescents and adults with autoimmune disease.Methods:PubMed,Web of Science,and Embase databases were systematically reviewed for related studies published between January 1,2003,and August 31,2023.All randomized and non-randomized controlled trials of exercise interventions with autoimmune disease study participants that evaluated inflammation-related biomarkers were included.The quality of evidence was assessed using the Tool for the assEssment of Study qualiTy and reporting in EXercise scale and cochrane bias risk tool.Results:A total of 14,565 records were identified.After screening the titles,abstracts,and full texts,87 were eligible for the systematic review.These studies were conducted in 25 different countries and included a total of 2779 participants(patients with autoimmune disease,in exercise or control groups).Overall,the evidence suggests that inflammation-related markers such as c-reactive protein,interleukin 6,and tumor necrosis factor a were reduced by regular exercise interventions.Regular exercise interventions combined with multiple exercise modes were associated with greater benefits.conclusion:Regular exercise training by patients with autoimmune disease exerts an anti-inflammatory influence.This systematic review provides support for the promotion and development of clinical exercise intervention programs for patients with autoimmune disease.Most patients with autoimmune disease can safely adopt moderate exercise training protocols,but changes in inflammation biomarkers will be modest at best.Acute exercise interventions are ineffective or even modestly but transiently pro-inflammatory.

关键词： Autoimmune diseases cytokines Inflammation Physical activity Training

Physical activity lowers the risk for acute respiratory infections:Time for recognition

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第6期11卷 648-655,F0003页

作者： david c.nieman camila A.Sakaguchi Human Performance Laboratory Appalachian State UniversityNorth Carolina Research CampusKannapolisNC 28081USA

Physical inactivity is a well-established risk factor for chronic diseases,such as cardiovascular disease,cancer,and diabetes mellitus.There is a growing awareness that physical inactivity should also be regarded as a risk factor for acute respiratory infections(ARIs).ARIs,such as the common cold,influenza,pneumonia,and coronavirus disease 2019(cOVID-19),are among the most pervasive diseases on earth and cause widespread morbidity and mortality.Evidence in support of the linkage between ARIs and physical inactivity has been strengthened during the cOVID-19 pandemic because of increased scientific scrutiny.Large-scale studies have consistently reported that the risk for severe cOVID-19 outcomes is elevated in cohorts with low physical activity and/or physical fitness,even after adjusting for other risk factors.The lowered risk for severe cOVID-19 and other ARIs in physically active groups is attributed to exercise-induced immunoprotective effects,including enhanced surveillance of key immune cells and reduced chronic inflammation.Scientific consensus groups,including those who submitted the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans,have not yet given this area of research the respect that is due.It is time to add“reduced risk for ARIs”to the“Exercise is Medicine”list of physical activity-related health benefits.

关键词： Acute respiratory infections cOVID-19 Immune system Physical activity Pneumonia

coronavirus disease-2019: A tocsin to our aging, unfit, corpulent, and immunodeficient society

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2020年第4期9卷 293-301页

作者： david c.nieman Department of Biology College of Arts and SciencesAppalachian State UniversityNorth Carolina Research CampusKannapolisNC 28081USA

Acute and chronic respiratory illnesses cause widespread morbidity and mortality,and this class of illness now includes the novel coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome that is causing coronavirus disease-2019(cOVID-19).The world is experiencing a major demographic shift toward an older,obese,and physically inactive populace.Risk factor assessments based on pandemic data indicate that those at higher risk for severe illness from cOVID-19 include older males,and people of all ages with obesity and related comorbidities such as hypertension and type 2 diabetes.Aging in and of itself leads to negative changes in innate and adaptive immunity,a process termed immunosenescence.Obesity causes systemic inflammation and adversely impacts immune function and host defense in a way that patterns immunosenescence.Two primary prevention strategies to reduce the risk for cOVID-19 at both the community and individual levels include mitigation activities and the adoption of lifestyle practices consistent with good immune health.Animal and human studies support the idea that,in contrast to high exercise workloads,regular moderate-intensity physical activity improves immunosurveillance against pathogens and reduces morbidity and mortality from viral infection and respiratory illnesses including the common cold,pneumonia,and influenza.The odds are high that infectious disease pandemics spawned by novel pathogens will continue to inflict morbidity and mortality as the world’s population becomes older and more obese.cOVID-19 is indeed a wake-up call,a tocsin,to the world that primary prevention countermeasures focused on health behaviors and hygiene demand our full attention and support.

关键词： cOVID-19 Exercise Immunology Infection Obesity

Exercise immunology:Future directions

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2020年第5期9卷 432-445页

作者： david c.nieman Brandt D.Pence Human Performance Laboratory Appalachian State UniversityNorth Carolina Research CampusKannapolisNC 28081USA School of Health Studies University of MemphisMemphisTN 38152USA

Several decades of research in the area of exercise immunology have shown that the immune system is highly responsive to acute and chronic exercise training.Moderate exercise bouts enhance immunosurveillance and when repeated over time mediate multiple health benefits.Most of the studies prior to 2010 relied on a few targeted outcomes related to immune function.During the past decade,technologic advances have created opportunities for a multi-omics and systems biology approach to exercise immunology.This article provides an overview of metabolomics,lipidomics,and proteomics as they pertain to exercise immunology,with a focus on immunometabolism.This review also summarizes how the composition and diversity of the gut microbiota can be influenced by exercise,with applications to human health and immunity.Exercise-induced improvements in immune function may play a critical role in countering immunosenescence and the development of chronic diseases,and emerging omics technologies will more clearly define the underlying mechanisms.This review summarizes what is currently known regarding a multi-omics approach to exercise immunology and provides future directions for investigators.

关键词： Exercise Immunology Lipidomics Metabolomics Proteomics

The compelling link between physical activity and the body's defense system

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2019年第3期8卷 201-217页

作者： david c.nieman Laurel M.Wentz Human Performance Laboratory Appalachian State University North Carolina Research Campus Department of Nutrition and Health care Management Appalachian State University

This review summarizes research discoveries within 4 areas of exercise immunology that have received the most attention from investigators :(1) acute and chronic effects of exercise on the immune system,(2) clinical benefits of the exercise—immune relationship,(3) nutritional influen?ces on the immune response to exercise, and(4) the effect of exercise on immunosenescence. These scientific discoveries can be organized into distinctive time periods: 1900-1979, which focused on exercise-induced changes in basic immune cell counts and function; 1980-1989, during which seminal papers were published with evidence that heavy exertion was associated with transient immune dysfunction, elevated inflammatory biomarkers,and increased risk of upper respiratory tract infections; 1990-2009, when additional focus areas were added to the field of exercise immunology including the interactive effect of nutrition, effects on the aging immune system, and inflammatory cytokines; and 2010 to the present, when technological advances in mass spectrometry allowed system biology approaches(i.e., metabolomics, proteomics, lipidomics, and microbiome characterization) to be applied to exercise immunology studies. The future of exercise irmmunology will take advantage of these technologies to provide new insights on the interactions between exercise, nutrition, and immune function, with application down to the person?alized level. Additionally, these methodologies will improve mechanistic understanding of how exercise-induced immune perturbations reduce the risk of common chronic diseases.

关键词： Aging Exercise Immunology Infection Inflammation Mass Spectrometry Nutrition

IMMUNITY IN ATHLETES:cURRENT ISSUES

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中国运动医学杂志 1999年第1期 92-96页

作者： david c.nieman DrPH,FAcSM Department of Health and Exercise Science Appalachian State University Boone.NC 28608

ＫＥＹＰＯＩＮＴＳ１．Ｔｈｅｉｍｍｕｎｅｓｙｓｔｅｍｓｏｆａｔｈｌｅｔｅｓａｎｄｎｏｎａｔｈｌｅｔｅｓｗｈｅｎｍｅａｓｕｒｅｄｉｎｔｈｅｒｅｓｔｉｎｇｓｔａｔｅａｒｅｍｏｒｅｓｉｍｉｌａｒｔｈａｎｄｉｓｐａｒａｔｅ．...

ＫＥＹＰＯＩＮＴＳ１．Ｔｈｅｉｍｍｕｎｅｓｙｓｔｅｍｓｏｆａｔｈｌｅｔｅｓａｎｄｎｏｎａｔｈｌｅｔｅｓｗｈｅｎｍｅａｓｕｒｅｄｉｎｔｈｅｒｅｓｔｉｎｇｓｔａｔｅａｒｅｍｏｒｅｓｉｍｉｌａｒｔｈａｎｄｉｓｐａｒａｔｅ．Ｅｖｅｎｗｈｅｎｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃ...

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为期6周的饮食和锻炼干预可改变中国11-13岁肥胖儿童代谢综合症的风险因素（英文）

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2013年第4期2卷 236-241页

作者： Beibei Luo Yang Yang david c.nieman Yajun Zhang Jie Wang Ru Wang Peijie chen Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education Shanghai University of Sport Shanghai Municipal center for Students’ Physical Fitness and Health Surveillance Human Performance Laboratory Appalachian State UniversityNorth Carolina Research Campus 458th Hospital of chinese People’s Liberation Army

目的:研究人员进行了一项随机对照实验,验证为期6周的低卡路里摄入和有氧运动干预能否改变中国青春期前的肥胖儿童代谢综合症(Met S)的风险因素。方法:实验对象被随机分到饮食运动组(实验组)和对照组。实验组的对象根据自身基础代谢率... 详细信息

目的:研究人员进行了一项随机对照实验,验证为期6周的低卡路里摄入和有氧运动干预能否改变中国青春期前的肥胖儿童代谢综合症(Met S)的风险因素。方法:实验对象被随机分到饮食运动组(实验组)和对照组。实验组的对象根据自身基础代谢率的不同,6周内每天摄取的热量为1 600到2 000卡路里不等,并坚持高负荷有氧运动(每周6天,每天2次,每次3 h)。共215名11-13岁的肥胖儿童参加此实验,其中167人(实验组95人,对照组72人)完成此实验。实验前后测量的参数包括:体重、体质指数、腰围、体脂率、血压及其他采自空腹血样的代谢综合症的相关指标(血清胆固醇、甘油三酯、胰岛素、血糖)。结果:与对照组相比,除却男孩的空腹时血脂(p=0.09),实验组的所有指标均显著下降(p<0.05)。结论:为期6周集中饮食和运动干预,有利于改善中国11-13岁肥胖儿童代谢综合症的风险因素。

关键词： BMI children Insulin Obesity Triglycerides Waist circumference

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运动免疫学的临床意义(英文)

Journal of Sport and Health Science 2012年第1期1卷 12-17页

作者： david c.nieman Human Performance Laboratory Appalachian State UniversityNorth Carolina Research CampusKannapolisNC 28081USA

Maintaining leanness and a physically active lifestyle during adulthood reduces systemic inflammation,an underlying factor in multiple chronic diseases.The anti-inflammatory influence of near-daily physical activity in lowering c-reactive protein,total blood leukocytes,interleukin -6,and other inflammatory cytokines may play a key role in lowering risk of cardiovascular disease,certain types of cancer,type 2 diabetes,sarcopenia,and dementia.Moderate exercise training causes favorable perturbations in immunity and a reduction in incidence of upper respiratory tract infection(URTI).During each bout of moderate exercise,an enhanced recirculation of immunoglobulins,neutrophils,and natural killer cells occurs that persists for up to 3-h post-exercise.This exercise-induced surge in immune cells from the innate immune system is transient but improves overall surveillance against pathogens.As moderate exercise continues on a near-daily basis for 12—15 weeks,the number of symptoms days with URTI is decreased 25%—50%compared to randomized sedentary controls.Epidemiologic and animal studies support this inverse relationship between URTI risk and increased physical activity.

关键词： Inflammation Natural killer cells Neutrophils Phys

Artificial intelligence analysis of videos to augment clinical assessment:an overview

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 717-718页

作者： david c.Wong Stefan Williams University of Leeds Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust LeedsUK

Observation is a fundamental part of the practice of clinical medicine.Observation of movement is particularly important for the neurologist.conditions such as Parkinson’s disease,multiple sclerosis,stroke,epilepsy,and many others affect a person’s movement in characteristic ways.In some conditions,changes in the patient’s voice can be included in this-changes in sound caused by changes in the movements of speech.The clinician’s detection of a characteristic abnormality,and their judgment of its severity,plays a central role in both diagnosis and the assessment of prognosis or response to treatment.However,that practice depends upon a limited resource of experienced experts.In addition,these experts are limited by human visual judgment,which cannot reliably or precisely detect and measure small or subtle changes in movement(Williams et al.,2023).

关键词： clinical epilepsy diagnosis