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Biochar 2022年第1期4卷 635-651页

作者： Logan swaren salman safari Kurt O.Konhauser daniel s.alessi Department of Earth and Atmospheric sciences University of Alberta3-16 Earth Sciences BuildingEdmontonAB T6G 2E3Canada

Nanoparticles are abundant in the subsurface,soil,streams,and water bodies,and are often a critical control on elemental speciation,transport and cycling in the natural *** review provides an overview of pyrolyzed biomass-derived nanoparticles(PBNPs),their surface properties and reactivity towards aqueous *** focus specifically on biochar-derived nanoparticles and activated carbon-derived nanoparticles which fall under our classification of *** carbon-iron(nano)composites are included in some instances where there are significant gaps in literature because of their environmental *** use of activated carbon,along with a resurgence in the manufacture and application of biochar for water treatment and soil amendment,has generated significant concerns about the mobility and toxicity of PBNPs derived from the bulk material in environmental *** examples are discussed to highlight current progress in understanding the influence of PBNPs on contaminant transport,followed by a critical discussion of gaps and future research directions.

关键词： Nanoparticles surface chemistry Activated carbon Biochar

Arsenic removal from water and soils using pristine and modified biochars

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Biochar 2022年第1期4卷 255-280页

作者： Wei Zhang Yoora Cho Meththika Vithanage sabry M.shaheen Jörg Rinklebe daniel s.alessi Chia-Hung Hou Yohey Hashimoto Piumi Amasha Withana Yong sik Ok Korea Biochar Research Center APRU Sustainable Waste Management and Division of Environmental Science and Ecological EngineeringKorea UniversitySeoul 02841South Korea school of Environmental science and Engineering Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Ecosphere Resilience Research Center Faculty of Applied SciencesUniversity of Sri JayewardenepuraNugegoda 10250Sri Lanka sustainability Cluster University of Petroleum and Energy StudiesUttarkhandDehradunIndia The Institute of Agriculture The University of Western AustraliaCrawleyAustralia school of Architecture and Civil Engineering Institute of Foundation EngineeringWater-and Waste-ManagementLaboratory of Soil-and Groundwater-ManagementUniversity of WuppertalPauluskirchstraße742285 WuppertalGermany Department of Earth and Atmospheric sciences University of AlbertaEdmontonAB T6G 2E3Canada Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering National Taiwan UniversityTaipei 10617TaiwanChina Department of Bioapplications and systems Engineering Tokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyTokyoJapan Department of Arid Land Agriculture Faculty of MeteorologyEnvironmentand Arid Land AgricultureKing Abdulaziz University21589 JeddahSaudi Arabia Department of soil and Water sciences Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of Kafrelsheikh33516 Kafr El-SheikhEgypt

Arsenic(As)is recognized as a persistent and toxic contaminant in the environment that is harmful to ***,a porous carbonaceous material with tunable functionality,has been used widely as an adsorbent for remediating As-contaminated water and *** types of pristine and modified biochar are available,and significant efforts have been made toward modifying the surface of biochars to increase their adsorption capacity for *** capacity is influenced by multiple factors,including biomass pyrolysis temperature,pH,the presence of dissolved organic carbon,surface charge,and the presence of phosphate,silicate,sulfate,and microbial *** As adsorption in modified biochars is attributed to several mechanisms including surface complexation/precipitation,ion exchange,oxidation,reduction,electrostatic interactions,and surface functional groups that have a relatively higher affinity for *** biochars show promise for As adsorption;however,further research is required to improve the performance of these *** example,modified biochars must be eco-friendly,cost-effective,reliable,efficient,and sustainable to ensure their widespread application for immobilizing As in contaminated water and *** relevant research to address these issues relies on a thorough understanding of biochar modifications to *** study presents an in-depth review of pristine and modified biochars,including their production,physicochemical properties,and As adsorption ***,a comprehensive evaluation of biochar applications is provided in As-contaminated environments as a guide for selecting suitable biochars for As removal in the field.

关键词： Engineered biochar Removal mechanisms Arsenic pollution Water pollution soil pollution

Accuracy comparison and improvement for state of health estimation of lithium-ion battery based on random partial recharges and feature engineering

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 591-604页

作者： Xingjun Li Dan Yu søren Byg Vilsen daniel Ioan stroe Department of Energy Aalborg UniversityAalborg 9220Denmark Department of Mathematical sciences Aalborg UniversityAalborg 9220Denmark Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA

state of health(sOH)estimation of e-mobilities operated in real and dynamic conditions is essential and *** of existing estimations are based on a fixed constant current charging and discharging aging profiles,which overlooked the fact that the charging and discharging profiles are random and not complete in real *** work investigates the influence of feature engineering on the accuracy of different machine learning(ML)-based sOH estimations acting on different recharging sub-profiles where a realistic battery mission profile is *** features were extracted from the battery partial recharging profiles,considering different factors such as starting voltage values,charge amount,and charging sliding ***,features were selected based on a feature selection pipeline consisting of filtering and supervised ML-based subset *** linear regression(MLR),Gaussian process regression(GPR),and support vector regression(sVR)were applied to estimate sOH,and root mean square error(RMsE)was used to evaluate and compare the estimation *** results showed that the feature selection pipeline can improve sOH estimation accuracy by 55.05%,2.57%,and 2.82%for MLR,GPR and sVR *** was demonstrated that the estimation based on partial charging profiles with lower starting voltage,large charge,and large sliding window size is more likely to achieve higher *** work hopes to give some insights into the supervised ML-based feature engineering acting on random partial recharges on sOH estimation performance and tries to fill the gap of effective sOH estimation between theoretical study and real dynamic application.

关键词： Feature engineering Dynamic forklift aging profile state of health comparison Machine learning Lithium-ion batteries

Elevation transition of aquatic insects closely matches a thermal feature in the Yungas of Northwestern Argentina

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Journal of Mountain science 2024年第2期21卷 433-448页

作者： Alexandra BUITRAGO-GUACANAME Carlos MOLINERI Andrés LIRA-NORIEGA daniel Andrés DOs sANTOs Neotropical Biodiversity Institute(CONICET-UNT) UNT-DomesHorco Molle S/N4107 TucumánArgentina CONACYT Research Fellow Network of Advanced Molecular StudiesInstitute of Ecology A.COld Road to Coatepec 351El HayaCP 91073XalapaVeracruzMexico Biostatistics Chair Faculty of Natural Sciences and IMLNational University of TucumánSan Miguel de TucumánMiguel Lillo 2054000 TucumánArgentina

Temperature is a key factor that shapes the distribution of *** knowledge about how species respond to temperature is relevant to devise strategies for addressing the impacts of climate *** insects are particularly vulnerable to climate change,yet there is still much to learn about their ecology and *** the Yungas ecoregion of Northwestern Argentina,cold-and warm-adapted species of the orders Ephemeroptera,Plecoptera,and Trichoptera(EPT)are segregated by *** modeled the ecological niche of south American EPT species in this region using available data and projected their potential distribution in geographic *** were grouped based on their ecogeographic similarity,and we analyzed their replacement pattern along elevation gradients,focusing on the ecotone where opposing thermal preferences *** this interface,we identified critical points where the combined incidence of cold and warm assemblages maximizes,indicating a significant transition *** found that the Montane Cloud Forest holds the interface,with a particularly greater suitability at its lower *** main axis of the interface runs in a N-s direction and falls between 14°C-16°C mean annual *** probability of a particular location within a basin being classified as part of the interface increases as Kira’s warmth index approaches a score around *** the interface is critical for defining the thermal limits of species distribution and designing biomonitoring *** in the location of thermal constants related to mountainous ecotones may cause vertical displacement of aquatic insects and vegetation *** have recognized significant temperature thresholds that serve as indicators of suitability for the *** global warming is anticipated to shift these indicators,we suggest using them to monitor the imprints of climate change on mountain ecosystems.

关键词： Austral Yungas Ecological Niche Model Ephemeroptera Kira’s warmth index Plecoptera Trichoptera

Assessing the energy saving potential of using adaptive setpoint temperatures:The case study of a regional adaptive comfort model for Brazil in both the present and the future

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Building simulation 2024年第3期17卷 459-482页

作者： daniel sánchez-García David Bienvenido-Huertas Carlos Rubio-Bellido Ricardo Forgiarini Rupp Department of Electrical Engineering University Carlos III of MadridMadridSpain Department of Building simulation ZEROCEM SLSevilleSpain Department of Building Constructions University of GranadaGranadaSpain Department of Building Constructions II University of SevilleSevilleSpain section of Design for sustainability Department of Civil and Mechanical EngineeringTechnical University of DenmarkKgs.LyngbyDenmark

It has been found in recent years that using setpoint temperatures based on adaptive thermal comfort models is a successful method of energy *** studies using adaptive setpoint temperatures incorporate international models from AsHRAE standard 55 and *** study,however,has instead considered a regional Brazilian adaptive comfort *** study investigates the energy demand arising from the use of a local Brazilian comfort model in order to assess the energy implications from the use of the worldwide AsHRAE standard 55 adaptive model and various fixed setpoint *** of Brazil’s climate zones,full air-conditioning,mixed-mode building operating modes,present-day climate change scenarios,and future scenarios—specifically Representative Concentration Pathways(RCP)2.6,4.5,and 8.5 for the years 2050 and 2100—have all been taken into account in building energy *** use of adaptive setpoint temperatures based on the Brazilian local model considering mixed-mode has been found to significantly reduce energy consumption when compared to static setpoint temperatures(average energy-saving values ranging from 52%to 58%)and the AsHRAE 55 adaptive model(average values ranging from 15%to 21%).Considering climate change and the mixed-mode Brazilian model,the overall energy demand for the three groups of climatic zones(annual average outdoor temperatures≤21℃,>21 and≤25℃and>25℃)ranged between 2%decrease and 5%increase,4%and 27%increase,and 13%and 45%increase,*** is concluded as a consequence that setting setpoint temperatures based on the Brazilian local adaptive comfort model is a very efficient energy-saving method.

关键词： adaptive thermal comfort building energy simulation energy efficiency climate change adaptive setpoint temperatures local comfort mode

Towards defining soil quality of Mediterranean calcareous agricultural soils:Reference values and potential core indicator set

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International soil and Water Conservation Research 2024年第1期12卷 145-155页

作者： Germán A.Durán daniel sacristán Edelweis Farrús Jaume Vadell Institut de Recerca i FormacióAgrària i Pesquera de les Illes Balears C/Eusebi Estada14507009PalmaSpain Plant Biology Department University of Valencia46100BurjassotValenciaSpain soil and Environmental Quality Department Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificación-CIDE(CSIC-Universitat de València-Generalitat Valenciana)Carretera Moncada-Náquera km 4.546113MoncadaValenciaSpain Universitat de les Illes Balears Cra.De Valldemossakm 7507122PalmaSpain

To avoid soil degradation,adapt to climate change and comply with the sustainable Development goals 2030(UN General Assembly),establishing the quality/fertility of the agricultural soils of the Mediterranean region and evaluate how these evolve with time is *** enables adequate management practices to be *** Mediterranean calcareous region has received little attention in this sense,in spite its soil ***,24 different representative calcareous agricultural soils of the Mediterranean region,including the main management strategies of agricultural soils(rainfed and irrigated),were sampled from the island of Mallorca;and their physical,chemical and biological properties *** values obtained for most of the soil characteristics allowed to establish an initial approach to the reference values for the type of calcareous agricultural soils considered,and to clearly distinguish the effect of rainfed or irrigation management practices on soils properties and *** enzyme activities were not stimulated by the irrigation conditions assayed or they were only in dry conditions,suggesting optimum enzyme activities could be obtained when alternating dry and humid soil *** organic carbon,calcium carbonate and active lime revealed of significant importance in the collection of ***,the results obtained clearly indicate the heterogeneity of the region and its implications on the different soil ***,this study could serve as a starting point to adequately establish the quality(fertility)for Mediterranean calcareous agricultural soils and their reference values by conducting further research in this region and including more type of soils.

关键词： soil fertility Mediterranean agricultural soils Calcareous soils soil enzymes soil management

RPLP0/TBP are the most stable reference genes for human dental pulp stem cells under osteogenic differentiation

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World Journal of stem Cells 2024年第6期16卷 656-669页

作者： daniel B Ferreira Leticia M Gasparoni Cristiane F Bronzeri Katiucia B s Paiva Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Biology and Cellular Interaction Department of AnatomyInstitute of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of São PauloSão Paulo 05508-000São PauloBrazil

BACKGROUND Validation of the reference gene(RG)stability during experimental analyses is essential for correct quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR)data ***,in an unreliable way,several studies use genes involved in essential cellular functions[glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydro-genase(GAPDH),18s rRNA,andβ-actin]without paying attention to whether they are suitable for such experimental conditions or the reason for choosing such ***,such studies use only one gene when Minimum Information for Publication of Quantitative Real-Time PCR Experiments guidelines recom-mend two or more *** impacts the credibility of these studies and causes dis-tortions in the gene expression *** tissue engineering,the accuracy of gene expression drives the best experimental or therapeutical *** cultivated DPsCs under two conditions:Undifferentiated and osteogenic dif-ferentiation,both for 35 *** evaluated the gene expression of 10 candidates for RGs[ribosomal protein,large,P0(RPLP0),TATA-binding protein(TBP),GAPDH,actin beta(ACTB),tubulin(TUB),aminolevulinic acid synthase 1(ALAs1),tyro-sine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein,zeta(YWHAZ),eukaryotic translational elongation factor 1 alpha(EF1a),succinate dehydrogenase complex,subunit A,flavoprotein(sDHA),and beta-2-micro-globulin(B2M)]every 7 d(1,7,14,21,28,and 35 d)by *** data were analysed by the four main algorithms,ΔCt method,geNorm,NormFinder,and BestKeeper and ranked by the RefFinder *** subdivided the samples into eight *** All of the data sets from clonogenic and osteogenic samples were analysed using the RefFinder *** final ranking showed RPLP0/TBP as the two most stable RGs and TUB/B2M as the two least stable *** theΔCt method or NormFinder analysis showed TBP/RPLP0 as the two most stable ***,geNorm analysis showed RPLP0/EF1αin the first *** algorithms’two least stab

关键词： Dental pulp stem cells Reference gene Housekeeping gene Endogenous gene Osteogenic differentiation RefFinder

Thermal properties and high-temperature ablation of high-entropy (Ti_(0.25)V_(0.25)Zr_(0.25)Hf_(0.25))B_(2) coating on graphite substrate

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第8期13卷 1268-1281页

作者： Ana C.Feltrin daniel Hedman Farid Akhtar Division of Materials science Lulea University of TechnologyLulea 97187Sweden Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials(CMCM) Institute for Basic Science(IBS)Ulsan 44919Republic of Korea

An entropy-stabilized multicomponent ultrahigh-temperature ceramic(UHTC)coating,(Ti_(0.25)V_(0.25)Zr_(0.25)Hf_(0.25))B_(2),on a graphite substrate was in-situ sintered by spark plasma sintering(sPs)from constituent transition metal diboride ***(Ti_(0.25)V_(0.25)Zr_(0.25)Hf_(0.25))B_(2) coating had a hardness of 31.2±2.1 GPa and resisted 36.9 GPa of stress before delamination,as observed at the *** temperature-dependent thermal properties of the multicomponent diboride(Ti_(0.25)V_(0.25)Zr_(0.25)Hf_(0.25))B_(2) were obtained by molecular dynamics(MD)simulations driven by a machine learning force field(MLFF)trained on density functional theory(DFT)*** thermal conductivity,density,heat capacity,and coefficient of thermal expansion obtained by the MD simulations were used in time-dependent thermal stress finite element model(FEM)*** low thermal conductivity(s similar coefficient of thermal expansion to that of graphite indicated that stresses of less than 10 GPa were generated at the interface at high temperatures,and therefore,the coating was mechanically resistant to the thermal stress induced during *** experiments at 220℃ showed that the multicomponent diboride coating was resistant to thermal stresses with no visible cracking or *** ablation mechanisms were mechanical denudation and evaporation of B_(2)O_(5) and light V-Ti oxides,which caused a decrease in the mass and thickness of the coating and resulted in mass and linear ablation rates of-0.51 mg·s^(-1) and -1.38μm·s^(-1),respectively,after 60 *** findings demonstrated the thermal and mechanical stability of multicomponent entropy-stabilized diborides as coatings for carbon materials in engineering components under extreme environments.

关键词： entropy-stabilized diborides ultrahigh temperature ceramics molecular dynamics(MD)simulations density functional theory(DFT) ablation properties

Tribologically induced nanostructural evolution of carbon materials: A new perspective

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Friction 2024年第1期12卷 144-163页

作者： Guilherme Oliveira NEVEs Nicolás ARAYA Diego Berti sALVARO Thiago de souza LAMIM Renan Oss GIACOMELLI Cristiano BINDER Aloisio Nelmo KLEIN Josédaniel Biasoli de MELLO Laboratório de Materiais Universidade Federal de Santa CatarinaSanta Catarina 88040-900Brazil Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica Facultad de IngenieríaUniversidad del Bío-BíoConcepcion 4070-386Chile Universidad de Concepción Concepcion 4070-386Chile sENAI Innovation Institute for Laser Processing Santa Catarina 89218-153Brazil Universidade Federal de Uberlândia Minas Gerais 38408-100Brazil

Carbon-based solid lubricants are excellent options to reduce friction and wear,especially with the carbon capability to adopt different allotropes *** the macroscale,these materials are sheared on the contact along with debris and contaminants to form tribolayers that govern the tribosystem *** a recently developed advanced Raman analysis on the tribolayers,it was possible to quantify the contactinduced defects in the crystalline structure of a wide range of allotropes of carbon-based solid lubricants,from graphite and carbide-derived carbon particles to multi-layer graphene and carbon *** addition,these materials were tested under various dry sliding conditions,with different geometries,topographies,and solid-lubricant application *** of the initial tribosystem conditions and allotrope level of atomic ordering,there is a remarkable trend of increasing the point and line defects density until a specific saturation limit in the same order of magnitude for all the materials tested.

关键词： carbon nanostructures tribology Raman spectroscopy defects quantification tribolayer solid lubrication

Exploring visual quality of multidimensional time series projections

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Visual Informatics 2024年第2期8卷 27-42页

作者： Tanja Munz-Körner daniel Weiskopf Visualization Research Center(VIsUs) University of StuttgartAllmandring 19StuttgartGermany

Dimensionality reduction is often used to project time series data from multidimensional to two-dimensional space to generate visual representations of the temporal *** this context,we address the problem of multidimensional time series visualization by presenting a new method to show and handle projection errors introduced by dimensionality reduction techniques on multidimensional temporal *** visualization,subsequent time instances are rendered as dots that are connected by lines or curves to indicate the temporal ***,inevitable projection artifacts may lead to poor visualization quality and misinterpretation of the temporal *** projected data points,inaccurate variations in the distances between projected time instances,and intersections of connecting lines could lead to wrong assumptions about the original *** adapt local and global quality metrics to measure the visual quality along the projected time series,and we introduce a model to assess the projection error at intersecting *** serve as a basis for our new uncertainty visualization techniques that use different visual encodings and interactions to indicate,communicate,and work with the visualization uncertainty from projection errors and artifacts along the timeline of data points,their connections,and *** approach is agnostic to the projection method and works for linear and non-linear dimensionality reduction methods alike.

关键词： Time series Multidimensional data Dimensionality reduction Projection errors Visual quality Visual analytics