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Serum sIL-2R,TNF-α and IFN-γ in alveolar echinococcosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2004年第24期10卷 3674-3676页

作者： da-Zhong Shi Fu-Rong Li B Bartholomot da Vuitton PS craig Department of Immunology Besancon UniversityFrance

AIM: To approach the relationship between alveolar echinococcosis (AE) pathology and level of sIL-2R,TNF-α and IFN-γ in sera and the significance of cytokines in development of ***: After 23 patients with AE were confirmed by ELISA and ultrasound, their sera were collected and the concentrations of sIL-2R,TNF-α and IFN-γ were detected by double antibody sandwich. Twelve healthy adults served as controls. According to the status of livers of AE patients by ultrasound scanning, they were divided into 4 groups: P2,P3, P4 groups and C group (control). Average of concentrations of sIL-2R, TNF-α and IFN-yin homologous group was statistically analyzed by both ANOV and Newman-Keuls, ***: The mean of sIL-2R in P2 group was 97±29, P3:226±80, P4:194±23 and control group (111±30)×10^3 u/L(P0.05).CONCLUSION: Low sIL-2R level indicates an early stage of AE or stable status, per contra, a progression stage. Higher level of TNF-α might be related to the lesion of liver. The role of single IFN-γ is limited in immunological defense against AE and it can not fully block pathological progression.

关键词：免疫血清 sIL-2R TNF-α IFN-γ 肺泡包虫病 AE

Multifaceted Bioinspiration for Improving the Shaft Resistance of Deep Foundations

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2020年第5期17卷 1059-1074页

作者： Seyed Ali Aleali Paola Bandini craig Michael Newtson Center for Bio-mediated and Bio-inspired Geotechnics Department of Civil EngineeringNew Mexico State UniversityLas CrucesNew Mexico 88003-8001USA

This paper describes the bioinspiration process to derive design concepts for new deep foundation systems that have greater axial capacity per unit volume of pile material compared to conventional deep *** study led to bioinspired ideas that provide greater load capacity by increasing the pile shaft *** bioinspiration approach used problem-solving strategies to define the problem and transfer strategies from biology to geotechnical *** bioinspiration considered the load transfer mechanism of hydroskeletons and the anchorage of the earthworm,razor clam,kelp,and lateral roots of *** biostrategies that were transferred to the engineering domain included a flexible but incompressible core,passive behaviour against external loading,a longitudinally split shell that allows expansion for anchorage,and lateral root-type or setae-type anchoring *** concepts of three bioinspired deep foundation systems were proposed and *** advantage of this approach was illustrated with two examples of the new laterally expansive pile in drained sand under axial *** finite element analysis of these examples showed that the new laterally expansive pile can provide considerably greater load capacity compared to a conventional cylindrical pile due to the increased lateral confining pressure developed along the expanded pile core.

关键词： bioinspiration expansion anchorage deep foundation pile capacity frictional resistance

Stevens-Johnson syndrome complicating adalimumab therapy in Crohn's disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第35期15卷 4449-4452页

作者： Muna Salama Ian craig Lawrance Department of Gastroenterology Fremantle HospitalFremantle 6059WAAustralia Department of Gastroenterology Fremantle HospitalWAAustralia Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Fremantle HospitalWA Australia Department of Medicine and Pharmacology University of Western AustraliaFremantle HospitalFremantle 6059WA Australia

The anti-tumor necrosis factor(TNF)αmedications demonstrate efficacy in the induction of remission and its maintenance in numerous chronic inflammatory *** the increasing number of patients receiving anti-TNFαagents,however,less common adverse reactions will *** eruptions complicating treatment with an anti-TNFαagent are not uncommon,occurring in around 20%of patients. Adalimumab,a fully humanized antibody against TNFα, may be expected to cause minimal immune-mediated skin reactions compared to the chimeric monoclonal antibody,***,however,report a case of Stevens-Johnson syndrome that required hospitalization and cessation of adalimumab in a patient with Crohn’ s disease(CD).In this case report,a 29-year-old male with colonic and perianal CD with associated erythema nodosum and large joint arthropathy developed severe mucositis,peripheral rash and desquamation,fevers and respiratory symptoms concomitant with a second dose of 40 mg adalimumab after a 2 mo break from adalimumab *** biopsies of the abdominal wall confirmed erythema multiforme and the patient was on no other drugs and infective etiologies were *** patient responded rapidly to IV hydrocortisone and was able to be commenced on infliximab without recurrence of the Stevens-Johnson *** skin reactions have now been described in three of the TNFαantagonists(infliximab,etanercept and adalimumab).These reactions can be serious and prescribers need to be aware of the potential mucocutaneous side effects of these agents,especially as Stevens-Johnson syndrome is associated with significant morbidity and mortality.

关键词： Stevens-Johnson syndrome Crohn'sdisease Adalimumab Serious adverse effect

Use of infliximab in the prevention and delay of colectomy in severe steroid dependant and refractory ulcerative colitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第16期14卷 2544-2549页

作者： Robert P Willert Ian craig Lawrance Department of Gastroenterology Fremantle Hospital

AIM: To determine if infliximab can prevent or delay surgery in refractory ulcerative colitis (UC). METHODS: UC patients who failed to have their disease controlled with conventional therapies and were to undergo colectomy if infliximab failed to induce a clinical improvement were reviewed. Patients were primarily treated with a single 5 mg/kg infliximab dose. The Colitis Activity Index (CAI) was used to determine response and remission. data of 8 wk response and colectomy rates at 6 mo and 12 mo were collected. RESULTS: Fifteen patients were included, 7 with UC unresponsive or intolerant to Ⅳ hydrocortisone, and 8 with active disease despite oral steroids (all but one with therapeutic dosage and duration of immunomodulation). All the Ⅳ hydrocortisone-resistant/intolerant patients had been on azathioprine/6-MP < 8 wk. At 8 wk, infliximab induced a response in 86.7% (13/15) with 40% in remission (6/15). Within 6 mo of treatment 26.7% (4/15) had undergone colectomy and surgery was avoided in 46.6% (7/15) at 12 mo. The colectomy rate at 12 mo in those on immunomodulatory therapy < 8 wk at time of infliximab was 12.5% (1/8) compared with 100% (7/7) in patients who were on long-term maintenance immunomodulators (P < 0.02). CONCLUSION: Infliximab prevented colectomy due to active disease in immunomodulatory-na?ve, refractory UC patients comparable to the use of Cyclosporine. In patients, however, on effective dosage and duration of immunomodulation at time of infliximab therapy colectomy was not avoided.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Ulcerativecolitis Therapy Infliximab Colectomy

Estimation of food composition of Hodotermes mossambicus （Isoptera： Hodotermitidae） based on observations and stable carbon isotope ratios

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Insect Science 2011年第2期18卷 175-180页

作者： craig T. Symes Stephan Woodborne School of Animal Plant and Environmental Sciences University of the Witwatersrand Wits Natural Resources and the Environment CSIR Pretoria South Africa

The diet of the harvester termite Hodotermes mossambicus was investigated at two sites with distinct dietary components： C4 grasses （δ13 C isotope values, -13.8%0 to -14.0%0） and C3 plants （δ13C isotope values, -25.6%0 to -27.1%0）. By comparing observations of food items carried into the colony by the termites and carbon isotope ratios of whole termites （that determined assimilated carbon）, the relative proportion of the C3 and C4 plant food components of the termite diet was estimated. There was agreement between the observational data and stable carbon isotopic data, with grass representing approximately 93% of the diet ofH. mossambicus at two study sites （urban and rural） on the South African highveld. However, when correcting for mass of food items, that is, C3 and C4, carried by termites, the proportion of grass （C4） in the diet may be underestimated.

关键词： carbon assimilation colony harvester termite Suikerbosrand

多房棘球蚴感染宿主CD4^+T淋巴细胞缺失机制的探讨

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中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志 2003年第4期21卷 197-202页

作者：李富荣石佑恩史大中 da Vuitton PS craig 深圳市人民医院暨南大学医学院第二附属医院临床医学研究中心深圳518020 华中科技大学同济医学院寄生虫学教研室武汉430030 兰州医学院寄生虫学教研室兰州730000 法国贝藏松大学中心医院英国苏尔沃德大学生命科学院

目的探讨多房棘球蚴感染宿主CD4^+T淋巴细胞缺失的机制,多房棘球蚴感染与宿主T淋巴细胞亚群凋亡相互关系。方法利用尼龙柱和补体法从多房棘球蚴感染12wk,25wk和正常对照组BALB/c 小鼠脾脏分离出纯CD4^+、CDS8^+T细胞,在体外分别经多... 详细信息

目的探讨多房棘球蚴感染宿主CD4^+T淋巴细胞缺失的机制,多房棘球蚴感染与宿主T淋巴细胞亚群凋亡相互关系。方法利用尼龙柱和补体法从多房棘球蚴感染12wk,25wk和正常对照组BALB/c 小鼠脾脏分离出纯CD4^+、CDS8^+T细胞,在体外分别经多房棘球蚴抗原(EmAg)、抗CD3抗原(anti-CD3)、白细胞介素-2(IL-2)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNFα)及商陆丝裂原(PWM)刺激培养16h,用DNA凝胶电泳分析;透射电镜观察形态学变化;原位末端标记法(Tunel)和碘化丙锭(PI)双染后,流式细胞仪(FCM)分析凋亡细胞数和凋亡发生的细胞周期。结果感染25wk小鼠,CD4^+T细胞DNA电泳图均出现典型“梯形”条带,透射电镜见染色质浓染、胞质出泡、凋亡小体形成;CD8^+T细胞DNA电泳国无梯形带,透射电镜见染色质浓染,电子密度增强。FCM分析,感染12wk小鼠,CD4^+、CD8^+T细胞凋亡数与正常对照组差异无显著性意义(P>0.05);感染25wk小鼠,CD4^+T细胞凋亡数较正常对照组显著增高(P<0.01),也显著高于同组CD8^+T细胞(P<0.01)。凋亡主要发生在细胞周期S期。结论多房棘球蚴寄生宿主后期,可诱导宿主成熟CD4^+T细胞发生活化诱导性死亡(AICD),使宿主处于免疫抑制状态。

关键词：多房棘球蚴感染宿主 CD4^+T淋巴细胞缺失机制白细胞介素-2 肿瘤坏死因子α

BioTRIZ Suggests Radiative Cooling of Buildings Can Be Done Passively by Changing the Structure of Roof Insulation to Let Longwave Infrared Pass

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2008年第1期5卷 55-66页

作者： Salmaan craig david Harrison Andrew Cripps da.iel Knott School of Engineering and Design Brunel UniversityLondon UB8 3PHUKBuro Happold LtdLondon W1T 1PDUK School of Engineering and Design Brunel UniversityLondon UB8 3PHUK Buro Happold Ltd London W1T 1PDUK

This paper demonstrates the application of a design tool called BioTRIZ. Its developers claim that it can be used to access biological strategies for solving engineering problems. Our aim is to design a roof for hot climates that gets free cooling through radiant coupling with the sky. The insulation in a standard roof stops the sun and convection from warming the thermal mass. But it also restricts the mass＇s longwave view of the cool sky. Different solutions to this conflict are offered by BioTRIZ. The chosen solution is to replace the standard insulation component with an open cell honeycomb. The vertical cells would allow longwave radiation to pass, while arresting convection. The solutions offered by BioTRIZ＇s technological counterpart include no such changes in structure. It is estimated that the thermal mass in the biomimetic roof would remain on average 4.5℃ cooler than in a standard roof over a year in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

关键词： biomimetics TRIZ BioTRIZ radiative cooling building design passive design

The ESCRT protein CHMP5 escorts αβ T cells through positive selection

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2018年第7期15卷 654-656页

作者： Glendon S Wu craig H Bassing Immunology Graduate Group Perelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA Divsion of Cancer Pathobiology Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineChildren’s Hospital of PhiladelphiaAbramson Family Cancer Research InstitutePerelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA

αβ T lymphocytes are critical for host protection against pathogens and are notable for their recent use as immunotherapeutic agents for the treatment of human ***,their dysfunction is associated with a variety of disease states,including autoimmune and immunodeficient syndromes that frequently result from improper αβT cell development in the *** thymic egress,mature αβ T cells are activated when their surface T-cell receptor(TCR)engages peptide antigens displayed by major histocompatibility complex(MHC)proteins expressed on antigenpresenting *** the thymus,each developing αβ T cell(thymocyte)recombines its TCRβ and TCRαgenes in an attempt to assemble and express a unique functional αβ TCR。

关键词： lymphocytes autoimmune combine

Flip the switch: BTG2–PRMT1 protein complexes antagonize pre-B-cell proliferation to promote B-cell development

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2018年第9期15卷 808-811页

作者： Glendon S Wu craig H Bassing Immunology Graduate Group Children’s Hospital of PhiladelphiaPerelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA Divsion of Cancer Pathobiology Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineChildren’s Hospital of PhiladelphiaAbramson Family Cancer Research InstitutePerelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA

B lymphocytes are vital components of vertebrate adaptive immune ***,B-cell dysfunction can promote autoimmunity and immunodefi-ciency,and errors in development can cause B-lineage lymphoid malignancies.B-cell development requires RAG1/RAG2(RAG)endonuclease-mediated assembly of immunoglobulin(Ig)*** assembly of Ig heavy chain(IgH)genes in G1-phase pro-B cells produces IgH proteins that pair with VpreB/λ5 to form pre-B-cell receptor(pre-BCR)*** pro-B cells,pre-BCR signaling inhibits Rag1/Rag2 transcription,stabilizes Cyclin D3 to drive cellular proliferation and promotes differentiation of large pre-B cells.

关键词： lymphocytes lymphoid complexes