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Flip the switch: BTG2–PRMT1 protein complexes antagonize pre-B-cell proliferation to promote B-cell development

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2018年第9期15卷 808-811页

作者： Glendon S Wu craig h bassing Immunology Graduate Group Children’s Hospital of PhiladelphiaPerelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA Divsion of Cancer Pathobiology Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineChildren’s Hospital of PhiladelphiaAbramson Family Cancer Research InstitutePerelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA

B lymphocytes are vital components of vertebrate adaptive immune ***,B-cell dysfunction can promote autoimmunity and immunodefi-ciency,and errors in development can cause B-lineage lymphoid malignancies.B-cell development requires RAG1/RAG2(RAG)endonuclease-mediated assembly of immunoglobulin(Ig)*** assembly of Ig heavy chain(Igh)genes in G1-phase pro-B cells produces Igh proteins that pair with VpreB/λ5 to form pre-B-cell receptor(pre-BCR)*** pro-B cells,pre-BCR signaling inhibits Rag1/Rag2 transcription,stabilizes Cyclin D3 to drive cellular proliferation and promotes differentiation of large pre-B cells.

关键词： lymphocytes lymphoid complexes

New Identities for Weak KAM Theory(For haim Brezis,in continuing admiration)

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2017年第2期38卷 379-392页

作者： Lawrence craig EVANS Department of Mathematics University of CaliforniaBerkeleyUSA.

This paper records for the hamiltonian h =1/2|p|~2+ W(x) some old and new identities relevant for the PDE/variational approach to weak KAM theory.

关键词： Weak KAM theory, Effective hamiltonian, hamiltonian dynamics

Surgical management of osteonecrosis of the femoral head in patients with sickle cell disease

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2015年第10期6卷 776-782页

作者： Atul F Kamath Michael h McGraw craig L Israelite Department of Orthopedic Surgery the Center for Hip PreservationPenn MedicineUniversity of Pennsylvania

Sickle cell disease is a known risk factor for osteonecrosis of the *** within the femoral head may cause severe pain,functional limitations,and compromise quality of life in this patient *** stages of avascular necrosis of the hip may be managed surgically with core decompression with or without autologous bone *** hip arthroplasty is the mainstay of treatment of advanced stages of the disease in patients who have intractable pain and are medically fit to undergo the *** management of hip pathology in sickle cell disease presents numerous medical and surgical challenges,and the careful perioperative management of patients is *** there is an increased risk of medical and surgical complications in patients with sickle cell disease,total hip arthroplasty can provide substantial relief of pain and improvement of function in the appropriately selected patient.

关键词： Sickle cell disease Total hip arthroplasty Core decompression Orthopedic Osteonecrosis Avascular necrosis hip

Adélie penguins and temperature changes in Antarctica: a long-term view

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Integrative Zoology 2012年第2期7卷 113-120页

作者： craig D.MILLAR Sankar SUBRAMANIAN Tim h.hEUPINK Siva SWAMINAThAN Carlo BARONI David M.LAMBERT Allan Wilson Centre for Molecular Ecology and Evolution University of Auckland Griffith School of Environment and School of Biomolecular and Physical Sciences Griffith UniversityAustralia Environment Protection Training and Research Institute HyderabadIndia Department of Earth Sciences University of PisaPisaItaly

During the summer months,Adélie penguins represent the dominant biomass of terrestrial *** millions of individuals nest in ice-free areas around the coast of the ***,these modern populations of Adélie penguins have often been championed as an ideal biological indicator of ecological and environmental changes that we currently *** addition,Adélie penguins show an extraordinary record of sub-fossil remains,dating back to the late *** this time,temperatures were much lower than ***,this species offers unique long-term information,at both the genomic and ecological levels,about how a species has responded to climate change over more than 40000 years.

关键词： Adélie penguins climate change global warming penguin evolution

Nutritional and medical food therapies for diabetic retinopathy

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Eye and Vision 2020年第6期7卷 312-327页

作者： Ce Shi Peng Wang Shriya Airen craig Brown Zhiping Liu Justin h.Townsend Jianhua Wang hong Jiang Department of Ophthalmology Bascom Palmer Eye InstituteUniversity of Miami Miller School of Medicine1638 NW 10th AvenueMcKnight Building-Room 202AMiamiFL 33136USA School of Ophthalmology and Optometry Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiangChina Department of Ophthalmology Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina College of Arts and Sciences University of MiamiMiamiFLUSA Department of Ophthalmology College of Medicinethe University of Arkansas for Medical SciencesFayettevilleARUSA Ophthalmic Center the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina Department of Neurology University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA

Diabetic retinopathy(DR)is a form of *** oxidative stress in the mitochondria and cell membranes decreases ischemic injury and end-organ damage to the *** approaches are needed,which reduce the risk and improve the outcomes of DR while complementing current therapeutic ***(hcy)elevation and oxidative stress are potential therapeutic targets in *** genetic polymorphisms such as those of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase(MThFR),increase hcy and DR risk and *** with DR have high incidences of deficiencies of crucial vitamins,minerals,and related compounds,which also lead to elevation of hcy and oxidative *** the effects of the MThFR polymorphism and addressing comorbid deficiencies and insufficiencies reduce the impact and severity of the *** approach provides safe and simple strategies that support conventional care and improve *** vitamin co-factor availability also impairs the release of neurotrophic and neuroprotective growth ***,this accounts for variability in presentation and response of DR to conventional ***,there are straightforward recommendations for addressing these issues and supporting traditional treatment *** have reviewed the literature for nutritional interventions that support conventional therapies to reduce disease risk and *** combinations of vitamins B1,B2,B6,L-methylfolate,methylcobalamin(B12),C,D,natural vitamin E complex,lutein,zeaxanthin,alpha-lipoic acid,and n-acetylcysteine are identified for protecting the retina and *** medical foods have been successfully used as therapy for *** based on this review and our clinical experience are developed for clinicians to use to support conventional therapy for *** from both type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM)and type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)have similar retinal findings and responses to nutritional therapies.

关键词： Diabetic retinopathy homocysteine Lutein N-acetyl cysteine Vitamins L-methylfolate

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Conversion of soy molasses,soy solubles,and dried soybean carbohydrates into ethanol

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2013年第1期6卷 62-68页

作者： craig C.Long William R.Gibbons Biology and Microbiology Department South Dakota State UniversityBrookingsSD57007 USA

Soy molasses and soy solubles are byproducts of the conventional soy protein concentrate and soy protein isolate manufacturing processes,*** of the carbohydrates in these byproducts into ethanol was *** amounts of commercial cellulase enzymes(Novozyme cellulase,β-glucosidase,and pectinase)were added to soy molasses and soy solubles solutions prepared at various solid loading rates(33%,50%,60%,75%,and 80%)to hydrolyze oligosaccharides,followed by fermentation for 96 h using Saccharomyces cerevisiae NRRL Y-2034 and Scheffersomyces stipitis NRRL ***-extracted soybean meal(SBM)carbohydrates were also fermented for 96 h without *** and *** produced about 12.5-45.0 g/L and 6.0-28.0 g/L ethanol,respectively,on molasses and solubles across these solid loading *** *** produced about 6.5-17 g/L ethanol and *** produced about 6.5-22 g/L ethanol on ethanol-extracted carbohydrates.

关键词： ethanol production soy molasses soy solubles oligosaccharides

Transfer of motion through a microelectromechanical linkage at nanometer and microradian scales

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2016年第1期2卷 106-115页

作者： craig R.Copeland craig D.McGray Jon Geist Vladimir A.Aksyuk Samuel M.Stavis Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology National Institute of Standards and TechnologyGaithersburgMD 20899USA Maryland Nanocenter University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA Engineering Physics Division National Institute of Standards and TechnologyGaithersburgMD 20899USA Modern Microsystems Silver SpringMD 20904USA

Mechanical linkages are fundamentally important for the transfer of motion through assemblies of parts to perform *** their behavior in macroscale systems is well understood,there are open questions regarding the performance and reliability of linkages with moving parts in contact within microscale *** challenges impede experimental studies to answer such *** this study,we develop a novel combination of optical microscopy methods that enable the first quantitative measurements at nanometer and microradian scales of the transfer of motion through a microelectromechanical *** track surface features and fluorescent nanoparticles as optical indicators of the motion of the underlying parts of the *** models allow precise characterization of the electrothermal actuation of the *** transfer of motion between translating and rotating links can be nearly ideal,depending on the operating *** coupling and decoupling of the links agree with an ideal kinematic model to within approximately 5%,and the rotational output is perfectly repeatable to within approximately 20 ***,stiction can result in nonideal kinematics,and input noise on the scale of a few millivolts produces an asymmetric interaction of electrical noise and mechanical play that results in the nondeterministic transfer of *** study establishes a new approach towards testing the performance and reliability of the transfer of motion through assemblies of microscale parts,opening the door to future studies of complex microsystems.

关键词： Electrothermal linkage microelectromechanical nanoparticle noise rotation tracking translation

Effect of diets on the feeding behavior and physiological properties of suspension-feeding sea cucumber Cucumaria frondosa

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2020年第3期38卷 883-893页

作者： YU Zonghe ROBINSON Shawn MACDONALD Bruce LANDER Terralynn SMITh craig College of Marine Sciences South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China Fisheries and Oceans Canada St.Andrews Biological StationSt.AndrewsNB E5B 2L9Canada Biology Department and Centre for Coastal Studies and Aquaculture University of New BrunswickSaint JohnNB E2L 4L5Canada

The suspension-feeding sea cucumber Cucumaria frondosa has become commercially important in recent *** proper diets is the first important step for intensive aquaculture of this sea *** this study,adult *** were exposed to one of the following diet treatments:control(no diet provided),two powdered seaweeds(Ascophyllum nodosum and Saccharina latissima),a commercially available microalgal diet(shellfish diet)and natural *** effects of diets on the feeding behavior and physiological properties of sea cucumbers were investigated after a 5-week rearing *** show that sea cucumbers fed with shellfish diet exhibited a significantly higher tentacle insertion rate(1.80±0.20 insertion/min)than these fed with seaweed powders,and there was no significant different between the two groups fed by seaweed *** significant difference was found on the fecal production rate among the feeding *** minimum oxygen consumption rate was observed in the control group(5.76±0.99μg O2/(g·h)),which is significantly lower than individuals fed with ***,shellfish diet,and natural seston;however,no significant difference was shown between those of control and *** *** maximum ammonium excretion rate was found in the *** group(0.03±0.01μmol/(g·h)),which is significantly higher than other *** minimum O/N ratio was observed in the *** group(14.57±1.04),which is significantly lower than the ***,shellfish diet,and natural seston *** fed with seaweed powders had similar physiological properties with these fed with microalgae diet and natural seston,indicating that *** and *** can be explored as promising diets for intensive aquaculture of ***.

关键词： sea cucumber Cucumaria frondosa physiological property feeding behavior nutritional condition

An Efficient,Energy Stable Scheme for the Cahn-hilliard-Brinkman System

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Communications in Computational Physics 2013年第4期13卷 929-957页

作者： craig Collins Jie Shen Steven M.Wise Department of Mathematics University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37912USA Department of Mathematics Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA

We present an unconditionally energy stable and uniquely solvable finite difference scheme for the Cahn-hilliard-Brinkman(ChB)system,which is comprised of a Cahn-hilliard-type diffusion equation and a generalized Brinkman equation modeling fluid *** ChB system is a generalization of the Cahn-hilliard-Stokes model and describes two phase very viscous flows in porous *** scheme is based on a convex splitting of the discrete Ch energy and is *** equations at the implicit time level are nonlinear,but we prove that they represent the gradient of a strictly convex functional and are therefore uniquely solvable,regardless of time step *** to energy stability,we show that the scheme is stable in the time and space discrete ℓ^(∞)(0,T;h_(h)^(1))and ℓ^(2)(0,T;h_(h)^(2))*** also present an efficient,practical nonlinear multigrid method–comprised of a standard FAS method for the Cahn-hilliard part,and a method based on the Vanka smoothing strategy for the Brinkman part-for solving these *** particular,we provide evidence that the solver has nearly optimal complexity in typical *** solver is applied to simulate spinodal decomposition of a viscous fluid in a porous medium,as well as to the more general problems of buoyancy-and boundary-driven flows.

关键词： Cahn-hilliard equation Stokes equations Brinkman equation finite difference methods nonlinear multigrid convex splitting energy stability