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Plausible impact of global climate change on water resources in the Tarim River Basin

Science china Earth sciences 2005年第1期48卷 65-73页

作者： CHEN Yaning & XU Zongxue Xinjiang Institute of Ecology & Geography, Chinese Academy of sciences, Urumqi 83.011, china college of environmental sciences,{3. Normal University, beijing 100875, china 1. Xinjiang Institute of Ecology & Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences 830011 Urumqi China 2. college of environmental sciences Beijing Normal University 100875 Beijing China

Combining the temperature and precipitation data from 77 climatological stations and the climatic and hydrological change data from three headstreams of the Tarim River: Hotan, Yarkant, and Aksu in the study area, the plausible association between climate change and the variability of water resources in the Tarim River Basin in recent years was investigated, the long-term trend of the hydrological time series including temperature, precipitation, and streamflow was detected, and the possible association between the El Ni(n)o/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and these three kinds of time series was tested. The results obtained in this study show that during the past years, the temperature experienced a significant monotonic increase at the speed of 5%, nearly 1℃ rise; the precipitation showed a significant decrease in the 1970s, and a significant increase in the1980s and 1990s, the average annual precipitation was increased with the magnitude of 6.8 mm per decade. A step change occurred in both temperature and precipitation time series around 1986, which may be influenced by the global climate change. Climate change resulted in the increase of the streamflow at the headwater of the Tarim River, but the anthropogenic activities such as over-depletion of the surface water resulted in the decrease of the streamflow at the lower reaches of the Tarim River. The study result also showed that there is no significant association between the ENSO and the temperature, precipitation and streamflow.

关键词： climate change, hydrological change, temperature, precipitation, streamflow, Tarim River.

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environmental　risk　assessment　of　the　middle　route　of　south－to－north　water　transferring　source　project　in　china

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Journal of environmental sciences 1996年第3期8卷 285-291页

作者： Wang Huadong Wang Fei(Institute of environmental sciences,beijing Normal University,{3., china) Institute of environmental sciences Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

This paper focused on the environment risk of the middle route of south-to-north water transferring source project in china. Analytic hierarchy process was applied to risk identification,fuzzy probability-fault tree analysis to risk probability assessment,statistics and analogy process to risk consequences assessment, lastly, grey relevant analysis and comprehensive index process to risk impact evaluation. The main environment risk accident of the project is dam failure, the main causative factors of the accident are catastrophic flood and wrecking earthquake. The flash flood, due to dam failure, will impact on nature, society and economy. The major environment risk areas are Jingzhou and Xiangfan,Hubei Province. The environment risk management measures should be adopted in order to ensure the safety of the project-environment complex system.

关键词： water source project environment risk risk assessment

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Development and application of ergodicity model with FRCM and FLAR for hydrological process

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Science china(Technological sciences) 2009年第2期52卷 379-386页

作者： WANG HongRui1, FENG QiLei2, LIN Xin3.& ZENG WenYi4 1 college of Water Science, Key Laboratory for Water and Sediment sciences of the Ministry of Education, beijing Normal University,{3., china 2 School of Science, beijing Institute of Education, beijing 100011, china 3.School of Mathematical sciences, beijing Normal University,{3., china 4 college of Information Science and Technology, beijing Normal University,{3., china 1. college of Water Science Key Laboratory for Water and Sediment Sciences of the Ministry of Education Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China 2. School of Science Beijing Institute of Education Beijing 100011 China 3. School of Mathematical sciences Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China 4. college of Information Science and Technology Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

In this paper, a new ergodic property analysis model of hydrological process is proposed based on fuzzy-rough c-means clustering (FRCM), autocorrelogram, and fuzzy least absolute regression (FLAR). A precipitation time series (1951―2004) from Shanghai Hydrology Station is then analyzed with the model. The results show that the precipitation time series of April, May, June, and September has er-godic property. We conclude that in the long run, the precipitation of April, May, June, and September will not keep decreasing; it will converge to its mean value in some period.

关键词： hydrological process ergodic autocorrelogram fuzzy-rough c-means clustering fuzzy least absolute regression

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^(14)C dating of moss peat banks in Fildes Peninsula, Antarctica

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第19期44卷 1817-1819页

作者： ZHAO Ye and LI RongquanDepartment of Resource and environmental sciences , beijing Normal University ,{3. , china Department of Resource and environmental sciences Beijing Normal University Beijing China

Based on the radiocarbon data of the moss peat banks in Fildes Peninsula, Antarctica, it was calculated that the mean rates of peat accumulation in the upper layer and the lower layer are 0.195 and 0.069 4 mm·a-1 respectively. Based on the radiocarbon date (3.265 ± 120 aBP) and the mean rate of peat accumulation in the lower peat layer, it was calculated that

关键词： Antarctica moss peat bank 14C dating environmental change.

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Problems in wavelet analysis of hydrologic series and some suggestions on improvement

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第1期17卷 80-86页

作者： WANG Hongrui, YE Letian, LIU Changming, YANG Chi and LIU Peng ( college of Water sciences, beijing Normal University,{3., china Key Laboratory for Water and Sediment sciences, Ministry of Education,{3., china School of Mathematical sciences, Peking University, beijing 100089, china college of Engineering sciences, University of Region, Canada) [a]college of Water sciences Beijing Normal University Beijing China [b]Key Laboratory for Water and Sediment sciences Ministry of Education Beijing China [c]School of Mathematical sciences Peking University Beijing China [d]college of Engineering sciences University of Region Canada

Applying the wavelet theory and methods to investigate the hydrologic processes such as precipitation and runoff is a hot field. However, several aspects in research are usually ignored: the effect of admissible condition of wavelet functions and the disturbance of noises for the detection of periods, the effect of the length of a hydrologic time-series on the final result, and the choice between the anomaly and the original time series for wavelet analysis. In this paper, these issues are fully discussed. Precipitation data from Lanzhou Precipitation Station are taken for case study. The result indicates that in the wavelet analysis of hydrologic series, denoise methods should be used to eliminate the influence of noises. The MexHat wavelet function satisfies the admissible condition, which ensures that the periodic properties of hydrologic processes can be well represented by using the MexHat wavelet for decomposition. The affected range of hydro-logic series which should be discarded before analysis is given. It is also suggested that the anomaly series should be used to highlight the actual undulation of the hydrologic series.

关键词： wavelet analysis hydrologic process admissible condition noise period.

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Identification　and　mechanism　of　formation　of　certain　mutagenic　components　in　the　volatile　condensates　from　oxidized　and　heated　edible　oils

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Journal of environmental sciences 1994年第2期6卷 200-205页

作者： Bao Ziping He Jianquan Hou Fuzhong(Institute of environmental sciences, beijing Normial University,{3., china)

Edible oils-rapeseed oil, soybean oil and peanut oil are heated in air at 270-280 ℃respectively. The volatile condensates are collected and analyzed by means of GC/MS. Eithercrotonaldehyde or 2-methylacrolein is found respectively in the condensates of rapeseed oil andsoybean oil. Neither crotonaldehyde nor 2-methylacrolein is found in the condensates of peanut *** of formation of crotonaldehyde is discussed.

关键词： edible oils volatile condensates mutagens crotonaldehyde 2-methylacrolein.

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Characteristics and origins of primary fluids and noble gases in mantle-derived minerals from the Yishu area,Shandong Province,china

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Science china Earth sciences 2006年第1期49卷 77-87页

作者： MA Jinlong1,2, TAO Mingxin2,3.& YE Xianren2 1. Resources and environmental School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 73.000, china 2. Key Laboratory of Gas Geochemistry, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of sciences, Lanzhou 73.000, china 3. college of Resources Science & Technology, beijing Normal University, beijing 100875, china 1. Resources and environmental School Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China 2. Key Laboratory of Gas Geochemistry Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China 3. college of Resources Science & Technology Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

Fluids and noble gases of mantle-derived materials are important tracers forthe mantle information. Compositions of primary fluids and noble gases in mantle-derived mineralsfrom the Yishu area, Shandong Province, china, were tested by the methods of heat-bursting andheat-melting respectively. The fluids are mainly composed of CO_2, CO and H_2, which account forabout 90% of the total, and are similar to the mantle-derived rocks from other areas of easternchina; ratios of ~3.e/~4He in almost all samples range from 0.82 Ra to 2.74 Ra, whereas^(40)Ar/^(3.)Ar from 299.5 to 758.8. Both ranges are much lower than those of the typical oceanmantle-derived samples (such as MORB) and primarily reflect the influences of the atmosphericcomponents and the radiogenic isotopes. Ratios of C/~3.e range from 27.6 x 10~9 to 1050 x 10~9,N_2/Ar from 927 to 56612, and N_2/~3.e from 2.5 x 10~9 to 27 x 10~9, similar to those in westernUnited States and New Zealand which belong to the tectonic plate collision regions. The ratios fallin the intersect of mantle-crust-atmosphere in the comprehensive tracer-charts, reflecting theinfluences of the atmosphere and the crusts with organic components. Our results suggest that thecomposition of the primary fluids and the isotopic ratios of the noble gases may either reflect theevolution process of mantle-derived rocks connected with the rise and eruption of magma, or theinfluence of the ancient subduction-plate on the continental mantle of this region.

关键词： noble gases, primary fluids, mantle-derived minerals, Yishu area.

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Scenario simulation and forecast of land use/cover in northern china

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2008年第9期53卷 1401-1412页

作者： LI YueChen 1,2,3.& HE ChunYang 3.1 college of Geographical Science, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 400047, china 2 college of Resources and{3. Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, china 3.college of Resources Science & Technology, beijing Normal University, beijing 100875, china college of Geographical Science Chongqing Normal University Chongqing 400047 China college of Resources and environmental Science Chongqing University Chongqing 400044 China college of Resources Science & Technology Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

Modeling land use/cover scenario changes and its potential impacts on structure and functions of ecosystem in typical regions are helpful to understanding the interactive mechanism between land use/cover system and ecosystem. Based on the analysis of the existing land use/cover simulation and forecast models, a land use/cover scenario dynamics model by the integration of System Dynamics (SD) model, Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN) and Cellular Automata (CA) model is developed with land use/cover scenario changes in northern china in the next 3. years and simulated in this paper. The model is to simulate the land use/cover scenario demands by using a SD model at first, and then allocating the land use scenario patterns at the local scale with the considerations of land use/cover suitability, inheritance ability and neighborhood effect by using BPNN-CA model to satisfy the balance between land use/cover scenario demands and supplies. It integrates the advantages of SD, BPNN and CA. Macro-driving factors and the micro-spatial pattern are also fully taken into account. The BPNN simplifies the identification of the factors’ weights used in CA model and improves the reliability of the simulation results. The simulation accuracy of the model developed in this paper was found to be about 74%. It suggests that the model has the ability to reflect the complexity of land use/cover system at different scales to some extent and it is a useful tool for assessing the potential impacts of land use system on ecosystem. The simulated results also indicate that the urban land, water area and forest will increase significantly, and farmland and unable land will decrease gradually. Obvious land use/cover changes will take place in the farming-pastoral zone and the southeast area of northern china.

关键词：土地利用中国北方细胞自动机系统动力学

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Soluble protein and acid phosphatase exuded by ectomycorrhizal fungi and seedlings in response to excessive Cu and Cd

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Journal of environmental sciences 2009年第12期21卷 1667-1672页

作者： ZHENG Weishuang, FEI Yingheng, HUANG Yi college of environmental sciences and Engineering, Peking University, beijing 100871, china. [a] college of environmental sciences Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China

Fungi and their symbionts can alleviate heavy metal stress by exuding soluble proteins and enzymes. This study examined the role of soluble protein and acid phosphatase （APase） exuded by Xerocomus chrysenteron, an ectomycorrhizal fungus, and the seedlings of its symbiont, Chinese pine （Pinus tabulaeformis）, under conditions of excessive Cu and Cd. The growth type showed that this poorly studied ectomycorrhizal fungus was capable of tolerating high concentrations of Cu, and may be useful in phytoremediation. X. chrysenteron grew well at 80 mg/L Cu, and the EC50 for Cd was 17.82 mg/L. X. chrysenteron also showed enhanced exudation of soluble protein in both isolated and inoculated cultivations under the influence of Cu and Cd. Soluble protein exudation, however, differed under Cu and Cd stress in isolates. In mediums containing Cu, soluble protein exudation increased with concentration, but in mediums containing Cd the content of soluble protein increased to a comparable level at all concentrations. This study demonstrated that soluble protein was related to heavy metal tolerance, although the different ions played different roles. While APase activity in exudates of fungi and seedlings decreased under Cu and Cd stress in comparison to the control, the APase activity in seedlings was maintained by inoculation. Thus, X. chrysenteron facilitated the ability of plant to maintain a normal nutrient uptake, and therefore to protect it from heavy metal toxicity.

关键词： soluble protein acid phosphatase exudate Cu, Cd Xerocomus chrysenteron

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Designing regional pattern for ecosystem restoration:A case study

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Science china(Technological sciences) 2006年第z1期49卷 86-97页

作者： LI Guoqiang , MA Keming, FU Bojie & LIU Shiling State Key Lab of Systems Ecology, Research Center for Eco-environmental sciences, Chinese Academy of sciences,{3. 100085, china Department of Water Environment, china Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,{3. 10003., china School of environmental sciences,{3. Normal University, beijing 100875, china 1. State Key Lab of Systems Ecology Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China 2. Department of Water Environment China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research Beijing 100038 China 3. School of environmental sciences Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

Designing regional pattern is challenging for ecosystem restoration both in theory and in practice. The present study proposed a new approach to design regional pattern for ecosystem restoration with a case in the arid valley of Upper Minjiang River, SW china. The procedures are: (1) Determine the regional pattern of main environmental factors based on the relationships between the important environmental factors and the main geographical factors generated from DEM data. (2) Overlay the maps of the main environmental factors. (3. Generate a lookup table according to the species selection rule we proposed to link the candidate restoration species to the main environmental factors.(4) Determine the regional pattern of ecosystem restoration by positioning the restoration species in the map of environmental factors according to the lookup table. The regional restoration pattern designed in this way would be applicable not only to restoring a region, but also to predicting the future landscape change.

关键词： environmental factors, GIS, restoration species, Upper Minjiang River Valley.

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