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Impacts of timing,length,and intensity of behavioral interventions to COVID-19 dynamics:North Carolina countylevel examples

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2022年第3期7卷 535-544页

作者： claire Quiner Kasey Jones Georgiy Bobashev RTI International 3040 E.Cornwallis RoadPO Box 12194Research Triangle ParkNC27709USA

We sought to examine how the impact of revocable behavioral interventions,e.g.,shelterin-place,varies throughout an epidemic,as well as the role that the proportion of susceptible individuals had on an intervention's *** estimated the theoretical impacts of start day,length,and intensity of interventions on disease transmission and illustrated them on COVID-19 dynamics inWake County,North Carolina,to inform how interventions can be most *** used a Susceptible,Exposed,Infectious,and Recovered(SEIR)model to estimate epidemic curves with modifications to the disease transmission parameter(β).We designed modifications to simulate events likely to increase transmission(e.g.,long weekends,holiday seasons)or behavioral interventions likely to decrease it(e.g.,shelter-in-place,masking).We compared the resultant curves'shape,timing,and cumulative case count to baseline and across other modified *** led to changes in COVID-19 dynamics,including moving the peak's location,height,and *** proportion susceptible,at the start day,strongly influenced their *** interventions shifted the curve,while interventions near the peak modified shape and case *** some scenarios,in which the transmission parameter was decreased,the final cumulative count increased over *** showed that the timing of revocable interventions has a strong impact on their *** same intervention applied at different time points,corresponding to different proportions of susceptibility,resulted in qualitatively differential *** estimation of the proportion susceptible is critical for understanding an intervention's *** findings presented here provide evidence of the importance of estimating the proportion of the population that is susceptible when predicting the impact of behavioral infection control *** emphasis should be placed on the estimation of this epidemic component in intervention design and decision-makin

关键词： Sars-cov-2 Public health decision-making Infection control policies

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Youth Participation at the Third UN World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2015年第2期6卷 150-163页

作者： Lydia Cumiskey Tam Hoang Sachi Suzuki claire Pettigrew Moa M.Herrgard Disaster Risk Reduction Working Group UN Major Group for Children&Youth Youth Beyond Disasters Water Youth Network Marine and Coastal Systems Health and Safety Emergency Management and Business Continuity UnitVictoria University Standing Committee on Human Right and Peace International Federation of Medical Students’Associations Department of Engineering Tohoku University

This article summarizes and analyzes the Children & Youth Forum and youth participation in the process during and leading up to the Third UN World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction(WCDRR) in2015. An organizing committee consisting of international students and young professionals brought together around200 young professionals and students from around the globe to exchange ideas and knowledge on reducing disaster risk, building resilient communities, and advocating for the inclusion of youth priorities within the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030(SFDRR). The knowledge exchange during the Forum was structured around a Toolbox for Resilience that connected to the SFDRR section on Priorities for Action. This article presents the outcomes of these young people’s participation in the disaster risk reduction capacity building eventsand policy-making, as well as the follow-up actions envisioned by the young participants of the Forum. The voices of the younger generation were heard in the SFDRR and young people are ready to expand their actions for the framework’s effective implementation. Young people call on technical experts, donors, NGOs, agencies, governments, and academia to partner with them on this journey to create a more resilient tomorrow together.

关键词： Children & Youth Forum Disaster risk reduction SFDRR Toolbox for Resilience

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Analysis of spontaneous adverse drug reactions to echinacea, valerian,black cohosh and ginkgo in Australia from 2000 to 2015

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2019年第5期17卷 338-343页

作者： claire L.Hoban Roger W.Byard Ian F.Musgrave Discipline of Pharmacology The University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia Discipline of Anatomy and Pathology The University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia

Objective: Assessing adverse drug reactions(ADRs) is a proven method to estimate the safety of medicines. The ADRs to herbal medicines in Australia(and by inference, the safety of herbal medicines in Australia) remain unknown. This study examines spontaneous ADR cases to four of the most popular herbs in Australia from 2000 to 2015: echinacea(Echinacea purpurea), valerian(Valeriana officinalis), black cohosh(Actaea racemosa) and ginkgo(Ginkgo biloba).Methods: ADRs of echinacea, valerian, black cohosh and ginkgo reported to the Australian Therapeutic Goods Administration(TGA) between 2000 and 2015 were obtained from the TGA database. Data were collated and analysed according to age, sex, severity, type of ADR and body system affected. Statistics were calculated using Graph Pad Prism ***: Most ADRs were mild or moderate. However, every herbal medicine was associated with lifethreatening ADRs. In each life-threatening case, the herbal medicine was taken concomitantly with prescription medications. Black cohosh was associated with a significant number of severe ADRs(30.3% of the total), with 39.4% of these ADRs being associated with abnormal hepatic function, hepatitis or ***: This study highlights the lack of public awareness with regard to herb–drug interactions,since most of the severe ADRs involved a herb–drug interaction.

关键词： Herbal medicine Adverse drug reaction Actaea racemosa Echinacea purpurea Ginkgo biloba Valeriana officinalis

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High-Strain Fiber Bragg Gratings for Structural Fatigue Testing of Military Aircraft

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Photonic Sensors 2012年第3期2卷 215-224页

作者： claire DAVIS Silvia TEJEDOR Ivan GRABOVAC James KOPCZYK Travis NUYENS Defence Science and Technology Organisation 506 Lorimer St. Fisherman's Bend VIC 3207 Australia

This paper reports on an experimental program of work which investigates the reliability, durability, and packaging of fiber Bragg gratings （FBGs） for application as distributed strain sensors during structural fatigue testing of military platforms. The influence of the FBG fabrication process on sensor reliability is investigated. In addition, methodologies for broad-area packaging and surface-mounting of FBG sensing arrays to defense platforms are developed and tested.

关键词： Fiber Bragg grating draw tower grating structural testing strain sensor

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今天的天气

今天的天气

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2019年

作者： (英)claire Llewellyn

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Unusual switchable peroxidase-mimicking nanozyme for the determination of proteolytic biomarker

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Nano Research 2019年第3期12卷 509-516页

作者： claire McVey Natasha Logan Nguyen T. K. Thanh Christopher Elliott Cuong Cao Institute for Global Food Security School of Biological Sciences Queens University Belfast 18-30 Malone Road Belfast BT9 5BN UK Biophysics Group Department of Physics and Astronomy University College London London WC1E 6BT UK UCL Healthcare Biomagnetic and Nanomaterials Laboratories 21 Albemarle Street London W1S 4BS UK Material and Advanced Technologies for Healthcare Queens University Belfast 18-30 Malone Road Belfast BT9 5BN UK

Detection of enzyme biomarkers originating from either bio-fluids or contaminating microorganisms is of utmost importance in clinical diagnostics and food safety. Herein, we present a simple, low-cost and easy-to-use sensing approach based on the switchable peroxidase-mimicking activity of plasmonic gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) that can catalyse for the oxidation of 3,3’,5’5-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) for the determination of protease enzyme. The AuNP surface is modified with casein, showing dual functionalities. The first function of the coating molecule is to suppress the intrinsic peroxidase-mimicking activity of AuNPs by up to 77.1%, due to surface shielding effects. Secondly, casein also functions as recognition sites for the enzyme biomarker. In the presence of protease, the enzyme binds to and catalyses the degradation of the coating layer on the AuNP surface, resulting in the recovery of peroxidase-mimicking activity. This is shown visually in the development of a blue colored product (oxidised TMB) or spectroscopically as an increase in absorbance at 370 and 650 nm. This mechanism allows for the detection of protease at 44 ng·mL^-1 in 90 min. The nanosensor circumvents issues associated with current methods of detection in terms of ease of use, compatibility with point-of-care testing, low-cost production and short analysis time. The sensing approach has also been applied for the detection of protease spiked in ultra-heat treated (UHT) milk and synthetic human urine samples at a limit of detection of 490 and 176 ng·mL^-1, respectively, showing great potential in clinical diagnostics, food safety and quality control.

关键词： gold nano particles peroxidase-mimicking nanozyme enzyme detection biomarkers

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Current practices and future prospects for the management of gallbladder polyps: A topical review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第26期24卷 2844-2852页

作者： R Stephen McCain Anna Diamond claire Jones Helen G Coleman Centre for Public Health Institute of Clinical Sciences Queens University Belfast Ulster Hospital South Eastern Health and Social Care Trust Mater Hospital Belfast Health and Social Care Trust Queens University Belfast Centre for Public Health Queen’s University Belfast

A gallbladder polyp is an elevation of the gallbladder mucosa that protrudes into the gallbladder lumen. Gallbladder polyps have an estimated prevalence in adults of between 0.3%-12.3%. However, only 5% of polyps are considered to be "true" gallbladder polyps, meaning that they are malignant or have malignant potential. The main radiological modality used for diagnosing and surveilling gallbladder polyps is transabdominal ultrasonography. However, evidence shows that other modalities such as endoscopic ultrasound may improve diagnostic accuracy. These are discussed in turn during the course of this review. Current guidelines recommend cholecystectomy for gallbladder polyps sized 10 mm and greater, although this threshold is lowered when other risk factors are identified. The evidence behind this practice is relatively low quality. This review identifies current gaps in the available evidence and highlights the necessity for further research to enable better decision making regarding which patients should undergo cholecystectomy, and/or radiological follow-up.

关键词： Gallbladder polyps Gallbladder cancer True polyps Pseudo polyps

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Associations between testicular development and fetal size in the pig

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第5期13卷 1340-1350页

作者： claire Stenhouse Yennifer Cortes-Araya F.Xavier Donadeu Cheryl J.Ashworth Functional Genetics and Development Division The Roslin Institute and Royal(Dick)School of Veterinary StudiesUniversity of EdinburghMidlothianUK Department of Animal Science Texas A&M University440 Kleberg CenterCollege StationTX 77843-2471USA

Background:Impaired reproductive performance is the largest contributing factor for the removal of boars from commercial *** growth restricted piglets represent 25%of the total number of piglets born and have impaired reproductive *** study aimed to improve the understanding of temporal changes in testicular gene expression during testes development in fetuses of different *** lightest and closest to mean litter weight(CTMLW)male Large White×Landrace littermates were collected at gestational days(GD)45,60 and 90(n=5-6 litters/GD).Results:Testes weight and testes weight as a percentage of fetal weight were not associated with fetal size at GD60 or *** plasma testosterone was not associated with fetal size at *** was no association between fetal size and seminiferous tubule area and number,number of germ or Sertoli cells per *** lightest fetuses tended to have wider seminiferous tubules compared to the CTMLW fetuses at GD90(P=0.077).The testicular expression of KI67(P≤0.01)and BAX:BCL2 ratio(P=0.058)mRNAs decreased as gestation *** SPP1 mRNA expression was observed at GD60 when compared with GD45 and 90(P≤0.05).Lower expression of DMRT1 and SPP1(P<0.01)mRNAs was observed in testes associated with the lightest fetuses compared to the CTMLW fetuses at ***:These findings provide novel insights into the expression profiles of genes associated with testicular development and ***,these data suggest that programming of reproductive potential in IUGR boars occurs late in gestation,providing a platform for further mechanistic investigation.

关键词： Fetal growth Intrauterine growth restriction(IUGR) Porcine Pregnancy Testes

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The relationship between pain and associated characteristics of chronic ankle instability:A retrospective study

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2020年第1期9卷 96-101页

作者： Saeed Al Adal Martin Mackey Fereshteh Pourkazemi claire E.Hiller Faculty of Health Sciences University of SydneySydneyPO Box 170LidcombeNSW1825Australia Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences Najran UniversityNajranPO Box 1988Saudi Arabia

Background'. Up to 74% of people with a history of ankle sprain develop chronic ankle instability (CAI). One commonly reported residualimpairment is ankle pain;however, it has not been included in models or inclusion criteria for CAL We investigated the prevalence of pain inpeople with CAI and the association between presence of pain and other CAI ***'. Retrospective data from 1147 participants with CAI (age 26.6 ± 10.7 years, 59% female) were collated from previous studies that usedthe Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool as an assessment tool. Pain was assessed from Item 1 of the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool, whichasks participants about ankle pain. Responses were divided into 3 categories: pain during daily activities, pain during moderate/vigorous physicalactivities, and no pain. The presence of pain was analyzed with descriptive statistics, the correlation between pain category and CAI characteris・tics was analyzed by /2 tests and factors associated with each pain category were analyzed by logistic ***'. Among the participants, 60.1% (n = 689) reported ankle pain. Of all participants, 12.4% (n = 142) reported pain during daily activities,47.7% (n = 547) reported pain during moderate/vigorous physical activities, and 39.9% (n = 458) reported no pain. There was a strong associationbetween ankle instability and ankle pain (/2 = 122.2, p < 0.001, OR = 53& 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.84—7.53). Perceived ankle instability,age and unilateral ankle sprains were independently associated with pain (ankle instability: /2 = 43.29, p < 0.001;age: /2 = 30.37,p < 0.001;unilateral ankle sprains: /2 = 6.25, p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the presence of pain between ***-. The prevalence of pain in people with CAI was high and was related to perceived ankle instability. Number of sprains, age, genderand unilateral or bilateral sprain did not modify this result except for the first pain category (pain duri

关键词： Ankle impairments Ankle instability Ankle sprain CAIT Pain

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作者： claire Adam.

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