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Spinal mechanisms of Itch Transmission

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2018年第1期34卷 156-164页

作者： Devin m.barry Admire munanairi Zhou-Feng Chen Center for the Study of Itch Washington University School of Medicine Department of Anesthesiology Washington University School of Medicine Department of Psychiatry Washington University School of Medicine Developmental Biology Washington University School of Medicine

Peripheral itch stimuli are transmitted by sensory neurons to the spinal cord dorsal horn, which then transmits the information to the brain. The molecular and cellular mechanisms within the dorsal horn for itch transmission have only been investigated and identified during the past ten years. This review covers the progress that has been made in identifying the peptide families in sensory neurons and the receptor families in dorsal horn neurons as putative itch transmitters, with a focus on gastrin-releasing peptide （GRP）--GRP receptor signaling. Also discussed are the signaling mechanisms, including opioids, by which various types of itch are transmitted and modulated, as well as the many conflicting results arising from recent studies.

关键词： Itch Neuropeptides Spinal cord DRG GPCR signaling

Diagnosis and management of ureteral complications following renal transplantation

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Asian Journal of Urology 2015年第4期2卷 202-207页

作者： Brian D.Duty John m.barry Department of Urology Oregon Health&Science UniversityPortlandORUSA Department of Surgery Division of Abdominal Organ TransplantationOregon Health&Science UniversityPortlandORUSA

When compared with maintenance dialysis,renal transplantation affords patients with end-stage renal disease better long-term survival and a better quality of *** 9% of patients will develop a major urologic complication following kidney *** complications are most common and include obstruction(intrinsic and extrinsic),urine leak and vesicoureteral *** anastomotic strictures result from technical error or ureteral *** dilation or endoureterotomy may be considered for short,low-grade strictures,but open reconstruction is associated with higher success *** leak usually occurs in the early postoperative *** 60% of patients can be successfully managed with a pelvic drain and urinary decompression(nephrostomy tube,ureteral stent,and indwelling bladder catheter).Proximal,large-volume,or leaks that persist despite urinary diversion,require open *** reflux is common following *** with recurrent pyelonephritis despite antimicrobial prophylaxis require surgical *** injection may be considered in recipients with low-grade *** IV and V reflux are best managed with open reconstruction.

关键词： Renal transplantation Ureteral stricture Ureteral obstruction Urine leak Vesicoureteral reflux

The role of retinoic acid in the commitment to meiosis

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2021年第6期23卷 549-554页

作者： Rachel L Gewiss m christine Schleif michael D Griswold School of molecular Biosciences and Center for Reproductive Biology Washington State UniversityPullmanWA 99164USA

male meiosis is a complex process whereby spermatocytes undergo cell division to form haploid *** review focuses on the role of retinoic acid(RA)in meiosis,as well as several processes regulated by RA before cell entry into meiosis that are critical for proper meiotic entry and ***,we discuss RA metabolism in the testis as well as the roles of stimulated by retinoic acid gene 8(STRA8)and mEIOSIN,which are responsive to RA and are critical for *** assert that transcriptional regulation in the spermatogonia is critical for successful meiosis.

关键词： meiosis retinoic acid spermatogenesis testis

multitarget stool DNA for colorectal cancer screening:A review and commentary on the United States Preventive Services Draft Guidelines

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2016年第5期8卷 450-458页

作者： barry m Berger Bernard Levin Robert J Hilsden medical Affairs Exact Sciences Corporation Scientific Advisory Board Exact Sciences Departments of medicine and Community Health Sciences University of Calgary

multitarget stool DNA(mt-sDNA) testing was approved for average risk colorectal cancer(CRC) screening by the United States Food and Drug Administration and thereafter reimbursed for use by the medicare program(2014).The United States Preventive Services Task Force(USPSTF) October 2015 draft recommendation for CRC screening included mt-s DNA as an "alternative" screening test that "may be useful in select clinical circumstances",despite its very high sensitivity for early stage *** evidence supporting mt-s DNA for routine screening use is *** clinical efficacy of mt-s DNA as measured by sensitivity,specificity,life-years gained(LYG),and CRC deaths averted is similar to or exceeds that of the other more specifically recommended screening options included in the draft document,especially those requiring annual testing *** a population with primarily irregular screening participation,tests with the highest point sensitivity and reasonable specificity are more likely to favorably impact CRC related morbidity and mortality than those depending on annual *** paper reviews the evidence supporting mt-s DNA for routine screening and demonstrates,using USPSTF's modeling data,that mt-s DNA at three-year intervals provides significant clinical net benefits and fewer complications per LYG than annual fecal immunochemical testing,high sensitivity guaiac based fecal occult blood testing and 10-year colonoscopy screening.

关键词： Colorectal cancer screening multitarget stool DNA Stool DNA The United States Preventive Services Task Force Cancer Intervention Surveillance modeling Network Fecal immunological technique modeling Interval

Using Statistical Downscaling to Quantify the GCm-Related Uncertainty in Regional Climate Change Scenarios: A Case Study of Swedish Precipitation

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2006年第1期23卷 54-60页

作者： Deliang CHEN christine ACHBERGER Jouni R■IS■NEN Cecilia HELLSTRm Earth Sciences Centre Gothenburg UniversityGothenburgSweden Laboratory for Climate Studies/National Climate CenterChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijingChina Earth Sciences Centre Gothenburg UniversityGothenburgSweden Department of Atmospheric Sciences University of HelsinkiFinland

There are a number of sources of uncertainty in regional climate change scenarios. When statistical downscaling is used to obtain regional climate change scenarios, the uncertainty may originate from the uncertainties in the global climate models used, the skill of the statistical model, and the forcing scenarios applied to the global climate model. The uncertainty associated with global climate models can be evaluated by examining the differences in the predictors and in the downscaled climate change scenarios based on a set of different global climate models. When standardized global climate model simulations such as the second phase of the Coupled model Intercomparison Project （CmIP2） are used, the difference in the downscaled variables mainly reflects differences in the climate models and the natural variability in the simulated climates. It is proposed that the spread of the estimates can be taken as a measure of the uncertainty associated with global climate models. The proposed method is applied to the estimation of global-climate-model-related uncertainty in regional precipitation change scenarios in Sweden. Results from statistical downscaling based on 17 global climate models show that there is an overall increase in annual precipitation all over Sweden although a considerable spread of the changes in the precipitation exists. The general increase can be attributed to the increased large-scale precipitation and the enhanced westerly wind. The estimated uncertainty is nearly independent of region. However, there is a seasonal dependence. The estimates for winter show the highest level of confidence, while the estimates for summer show the least.

关键词： Statistical downscaling global climate model climate change scenario uncertainty

综合环境管理——纸浆、造纸工业的中间试验研究

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世界环境 1988年第1期 7-10页

作者： Timothy m.barry 戴进池袁亮 Regulatory Integration Division Office of Policy Analysis U.S.Environmental Protection Agency.

我们对大多数化学品的慢性毒理学的认识和了解是很有限的。我们的数据大多来自短期对动物进行的高浓度生物鉴定试验,它们很难与长期的低浓度环境暴露联系起来。某些化学品(主要是致癌物)被认为在所有浓度下,不管其浓度如何低,对人类健... 详细信息

我们对大多数化学品的慢性毒理学的认识和了解是很有限的。我们的数据大多来自短期对动物进行的高浓度生物鉴定试验,它们很难与长期的低浓度环境暴露联系起来。某些化学品(主要是致癌物)被认为在所有浓度下,不管其浓度如何低,对人类健康都有害。许多有毒化学品都是有用的,但它们的“毒性循环”的每一阶段(制造、加工、利用和处置)对健康和环境又都存在潜在的危害。有毒化学品从一个环境介质转移到另一个环境介质(例如,从空气到水)的时候,常常保持它们的毒性。这

关键词：造纸工业污染控制造纸业效应评价经济效益暴露评价有毒化学品中间试验半工业试验

Non-Uniformity and Generalised Sacks Splitting

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Acta mathematica Sinica,English Series 2002年第2期18卷 327-334页

作者： COOPER S.barry Department of Pure mathematics School of Mathematics University of Leeds Leeds UK Institute of Software Chines Academy of Sciences Beijing P. R. China

We show that there do not exist computable fimetions f_1(e,i).f_2(e,i).g_1(e,i),g_2(e,i)such that for all e,i ∈ω, (1)(W_(f_1)(e,i)-W_(f_2)(e,i))≤T(W_e-W_1): (2)(W_(g_1)(e,i)-W_(g_2)(e,i))≤T(W_e-W_i): (3)(W_w-W_i)≤T(W_(f_1)(e,i)-W_(f_2)(e,i))⊕(W_(g_1)(e,i)-W_(g_2)(e,i)): (4)(W_e-W_i)T(W_(f_1)(e,i)-W_(f_2)(e,i))uuless(W_e-W_i)≤T:and (5)(W_e-W_i)T(E_(g_1)(e,i)-W_(g_2)(e,i))unless(W_w-W_i)≤T. It follows that the splitting theorems of Sacks and Cooper cannot be combined uniformly.

关键词： Computably enumerable(c.e.) Difference of computably enumerable sets(d.c.e.,or 2-c.e.) Turing degrees Splitting and nonsplitting

Effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae or boulardii yeasts on acute stress induced intestinal dysmotility

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第48期22卷 10532-10544页

作者： christine West Andrew m Stanisz Annette Wong Wolfgang A Kunze mcmaster Brain-Body Institute St. Joseph’s Healthcare Department of Biology McM aster University Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences Mc Master University

AIm To investigate the capacity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae(S. cerevisiae) and Saccharomyces boulardii(S. boulardii) yeasts to reverse or to treat acute stress-related intestinal *** Adult Swiss Webster mice were stressed for 1 h in a wire-mesh restraint to induce symptoms of intestinal dysmotility and were subsequently killed by cervical dislocation. Jejunal and colon tissue were excised and placed within a tissue perfusion bath in which S. cerevisiae, S. boulardii, or their supernatants were administered into the lumen. Video recordings of contractility and gut diameter changes were converted to spatiotemporal maps and the velocity, frequency, and amplitude of propagating contractile clusters(PCC) were measured. motility pre- and post-treatment was compared between stressed animals and unstressed controls. RESULTS S. boulardii and S. cerevisiae helped to mediate the effects of stress on the small and large intestine. Restraint stress reduced jejunal transit velocity(mm/s)from 2.635 ± 0.316 to 1.644 ± 0.238, P m 0.032 ± 0.008 to 0.016 ± 0.005, P mm/s) from 0.864 ± 0.183 to 1.432 ± 0.329, P minal application of S. boulardii helped to restore jejunal and colonic velocity towards the unstressed controls; 1.833 ± 0.688 to 2.627 ± 0.664, P most apparent in the jejunum. S. cerevisiae increased PCC velocity in the stressed jejunum from 1.763 ± 0.397 to 2.017 ± 0.48, P = 0.0031 and PCC frequency from 0.016 ± 0.009 to 0.027 ± 0.007, P m 1.647 ± 0.187 to 1.038 ± 0.222, P motility to unstressed values in similar capacity. CONCLUSION The

关键词： Intestine Saccharomyces cerevisiae Saccharomyces boulardii Restraint stress motility

memory access optimization for particle operations in computational fluid dynamics-discrete element method simulations

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Particuology 2023年第7期78卷 97-110页

作者： Deepthi Vaidhynathan Hariswaran Sitaraman Ray Grout Thomas Hauser christine m.Hrenya Jordan musser Computational Science Center National Renewable Energy LaboratoryUnited States Research Computing University of ColoradoBoulderUnited States Chemical and Biological Engineering University of ColoradoBoulderUnited States Computational Science and Engineering National Energy Technology LaboratoryUnited States

Computational Fluid Dynamics-Discrete Element method is used to model gas-solid systems in several applications in energy,pharmaceutical and petrochemical *** performance bot-tlenecks often limit the problem sizes that can be simulated at industrial *** data structures used to store several millions of particles in such large-scale simulations have a large memory footprint that does not fit into the processor cache hierarchies on current high-performance-computing platforms,leading to reduced computational *** paper specifically addresses this aspect of memory access bottlenecks in industrial scale *** use of space-flling curves to improve memory access patterns is described and their impact on computational performance is quantified in both shared and distributed memory parallelization *** morton space flling curve applied to uniform grids and k-dimensional tree partitions are used to reorder the particle data-structure thus improving spatial and temporal locality in *** performance impact of these techniques when applied to two benchmark problems,namely the homogeneous-cooling-system and a fluidized-bed,are *** optimization techniques lead to approximately two-fold performance improvement in particle focused operations such as neighbor-list creation and data-exchange,with~1.5 times overall improvement in a fluidization simulation with 1.27 million particles.

关键词： CFD-DEm memory access optimization Spatial reordering Performance optimization