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Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty in class Ⅲ obesity:Efficacy, safety, and durability outcomes in 404 consecutive patients

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2023年第6期15卷 469-479页

作者： Daniel Barry Maselli Anna Carolina Hoff Ashley Kucera Emily Weaver Laura sebring Lori Gooch Kathleen Walton Daniel Lee Taylor Cratty selena Beal srikar Nanduri Kendall Rease christina s gainey Laura Eaton Brian Coan Christopher E McGowan Department of Endobariatrics True You Weight LossCaryNC 27513United States Bariatric Endoscopy Angioskope ClinicSão Josédos Campos 12243-680São PauloBrazil Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of North Carolina SystemChapel HillNC 27599United States UltaMed Corporation UltaMed CorporationFort LauderdaleFL 33308United States

BACKGROUND Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty(EsG) is an effective therapy for class Ⅰ-Ⅱ obesity, but there are knowledge gaps in the published literature about its implementation in patients with class Ⅲ obesity [body mass index(BMI) ≥ 40 kg/m2].AIM To evaluate the safety, clinical efficacy, and durability of EsG in adults with class Ⅲ obesity.METHODs This was a retrospective cohort study that used prospectively collected data on adults with BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2who underwent EsG and longitudinal lifestyle counseling at two centers with expertise in endobariatric therapies from May 2018-March 2022. The primary outcome was total body weight loss(TBWL) at 12 mo. secondary outcomes included changes in TBWL, excess weight loss(EWL) and BMI at various time points up to 36 mo, clinical responder rates at 12 and 24 mo, and comorbidity improvement. safety outcomes were reported through the study duration. One-way ANOVA test was performed with multiple Tukey pairwise comparisons for TBWL, EWL, and BMI over the study duration.REsULTs 404 consecutive patients(78.5% female, mean age 42.9 years, mean BMI 44.8 ± 4.7 kg/m2) were enrolled. EsGs were performed using an average of 7 sutures, over 42 ± 9 min, and with 100% technical success. TBWL was 20.9 ± 6.2% at 12 mo, 20.5 ± 6.9% at 24 mo, and 20.3 ± 9.5% at 36 mo. EWL was 49.6 ± 15.1% at 12 mo, 49.4 ± 16.7% at 24 mo, and 47.1 ± 23.5% at 36 mo. There was no difference in TBWL at 12, 15, 24, and 36 mo from EsG. TBWL exceeding 10%, 15%, and 20% was achieved by 96.7%, 87.4%, and 55.6% of the cohort at 12 mo, respectively. Of the cohort with the relevant comorbidity at time of EsG, 66.1% had improvement in hypertension, 61.7% had improvement in type Ⅱ diabetes, and 45.1% had improvement in hyperlipidemia over study duration. There was one instance of dehydration requiring hospitalization(0.2% serious adverse event rate).CONCLUsION When combined with longitudinal nutritional support, EsG induces effective and durable weight loss in adults with class Ⅲ obesity, with improvement in comorbiditie

关键词： Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty Obesity Bariatric Endobariatrics Class III obesity Comorbidities

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Neural plasticity in Parkinson's disease: a neuroimaging perspective

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1203-1205页

作者： christina Andica Koji Kamagata Department of Radiology Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine Faculty of Health Data science Juntendo University

Parkinson’s disease(PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized primarily by classical motor signs of bradykinesia,rigidity,tremors,and postural instability usually manifesti ng unilate rally or at least asymmetrically.The disease involves a loss of dopaminergic neurons projecting from the substantia nigra pars compacta to the dorsal striatum,

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Retrospective study of the incidence, risk factors, treatment outcomes of bacterial infections at uncommon sites in cirrhotic patients

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第3期16卷 418-427页

作者： sophie schneitler christina schneider Markus Casper Frank Lammert Marcin Krawczyk sören L Becker Matthias Christian Reichert Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene Saarland UniversityHomburg 66421Germany Department of Medicine II Saarland University Medical CenterHomburg 66421Germany Health sciences Hannover Medical SchoolHannover 30625Germany Laboratory of Metabolic Liver Diseases Department of GeneralTransplant and Liver SurgeryCentre for Preclinical ResearchMedical University of WarsawWarsaw 02-097Poland

BACKGROUND Bacterial infections(BI)negatively affect the natural course of cirrhosis.The most frequent BI are urinary tract infections(UTI),pneumonia,and spontaneousbacterial peritonitis(sBP).AIM To assess the relevance of bacterial infections beyond the commonly recognized types in patients with cirrhosis and to investigate their relationship with other clinical variables.METHODs We retrospectively analyzed patients with cirrhosis and BI treated between 2015 and 2018 at our tertiary care center.BIs were classified as typical and atypical,and clinical as well as laboratory parameters were compared between the two groups.REsULTs In a cohort of 488 patients with cirrhosis,we identified 225 typical BI(95 UTI,73 sBP,72 pulmonary infections)and 74 atypical BIs,predominantly cholangitis and soft tissue infections(21 each),followed by intra-abdominal BIs(n=9),cholecystitis(n=6),head/throat BIs(n=6),osteoarticular BIs(n=5),and endocarditis(n=3).We did not observe differences concerning age,sex,or etiology of cirrhosis in patients with typical vs atypical BI.Atypical BIs were more common in patients with more advanced cirrhosis,as evidenced by Model of End stage Liver Disease(15.1±7.4 vs 12.9±5.1;P=0.005)and Child-Pugh scores(8.6±2.5 vs 8.0±2;P=0.05).CONCLUsION Atypical BIs in cirrhosis patients exhibit a distinct spectrum and are associated with more advanced stages of the disease.Hence,the work-up of cirrhosis patients with suspected BI requires detailed work-up to elucidate whether typical BI can be identified.

关键词： Bacterial infection Empirical antibiotic therapy End-stage liver disease Escherichia coli Multi-resistant pathogens

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Effects of early postnatal gastric and colonic microbiota transplantation on piglet gut health

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Journal of Animal science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 645-658页

作者： christina Larsen simone Margaard Offersen Anders Brunse Mattia Pirolo soumya Kanti Kar Luca Guadabassi Thomas Thymann Department of Veterinary and Animal science University of CopenhagenDyrlagevej 681870 Frederiksberg CDenmark Animal Nutrition Wageningen Livestock ResearchWageningen University&Research1 De Elst6708 WageningenThe Netherlands

Background Diarrhea is a major cause of reduced growth and mortality in piglets during the suckling and weaning periods and poses a major threat to the global pig industry.Diarrhea and gut dysbiosis may in part be prevented via improved early postnatal microbial colonization of the gut.To secure better postnatal gut colonization,we hypothesized that transplantation of colonic or gastric content from healthy donors to newborn recipients would prevent diarrhea in the recipients in the post-weaning period.Our objective was to examine the impact of transplanting colonic or gastric content on health and growth parameters and paraclinical parameters in recipient single-housed piglets exposed to a weaning transition and challenged with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli(ETEC).Methods seventy-two 1-day-old piglets were randomized to four groups:colonic microbiota transplantation(CMT,n=18),colonic content filtrate transplantation(CcFT,n=18),gastric microbiota transplantation(GMT,n=18),or saline(CON,n=18).Inoculations were given on d 2 and 3 of life,and all piglets were milk-fed until weaning(d 20)and shortly after challenged with ETEC(d 24).We assessed growth,diarrhea prevalence,ETEC concentration,organ weight,blood parameters,small intestinal morphology and histology,gut mucosal function,and microbiota composition and diversity.Results Episodes of diarrhea were seen in all groups during both the milk-and the solid-feeding phase,possibly due to stress associated with single housing.However,CcFT showed lower diarrhea prevalence on d 27,28,and 29 compared to CON(all Pso showed a lower ETEC prevalence on d 27(Pshowed a higher alpha diversity and a difference in beta diversity compared to CON(Ps were similar across groups.Conclusion In conclusion,only CcFT reduced ETEC-related post-weaning diarrhea.However,the protective effect was marginal,suggesting that higher doses,more effective modalities of administration,longer treatment periods,and better donor quali

关键词： Colonic content filtrate transplantation Colonic microbiota transplantation Gastric microbiota transplantation Gut microbiota Mucosa Neonatal Post-weaning diarrhea

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Males armed with big weapons win fights at limited cost in ant-mimickingjumping spiders

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Current Zoology 2024年第1期70卷 98-108页

作者： Guocheng Yu Boon Hui Wong christina J.Painting Hongze Li Long Yu Zengtao Zhang shichang Zhang Daiqin Li state Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering and Centre for Behavioral Ecology and Evolution School of Life SciencesHubei UniversityWuhan430062China Departmentof Biological sciences National University of Singapore14 Science Drive 4Singapore 117543Singapore Te Aka Matuatua school of science University of WaikatoPrivate Bag 3105Hamilton 3240New Zealand

A core assumption of sexual selection theory is that sexually selected weapons,specialized morphological structures used directly in male con-tests,can improve an individual's reproductive success but only if the bearer can overcome associated costs,the negative effects on the bear-er's fitness components.However,recent studies have shown that producing and wielding exaggerated weapons may not necessarily be costly.Rather,some traits can be selected for supporting,or compensating for,the expense of producing and wielding such exaggerated weapons.n the ant-mimicking jumping spider Myrmarachne gisti,exaggerated chelicerae are borne only by adult males and not females,showing sexual dimorphism and steep positive allometry with body size.Here,we determine the potential benefits of bearing exaggerated chelicerae during male contests and explore the potential for costs in terms of prey-capture efficiency and compensation between chelicera size and neighboring trait size.While males with longer chelicerae won most of their male-male contests,we found no significant differences in prey-capture effi-ciency between males and females regardless of whether prey was winged or flightless.Males'elongated chelicerae thus do not impede their efficiency at capturing prey.Furthermore,we found that the sizes of all neighboring traits are positively correlated with chelicera size,suggesting that these traits may be under correlational selection.Taken together,our findings suggest that M.gisti males armed with the exaggerated chelicerae that function as weapons win more fights at limited cost for performance in prey capture and compensate for neighboring structures.

关键词： allometry ant-mimic costs elongated chelicerae threat devices trait compensations

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The effect of high-flow oxygen via tracheostomy on respiratory pattern and diaphragmatic function in patients with prolonged mechanical ventilation:A randomized,physiological,crossover study

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Journal of Intensive Medicine 2024年第2期4卷 202-208页

作者： Elena Lytra stelios Kokkoris Ioannis Poularas Dimitrios Filippiadis Demosthenes Cokkinos Dimitrios Exarhos spyros Zakynthinos christina Routsi 1st Department of Intensive Care Medical SchoolNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensEvangelismos HospitalAthensGreece Radiology Department Evangelismos HospitalAthensGreece 2nd Radiology Department Medical SchoolNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAttikon HospitalAthensGreece

Background Compared to conventional oxygen devices,high-flow oxygen treatment(HFOT)through the nasal cannulae has demonstrated clinical benefits.Limited data exist on whether such effects are also present in HFOT through tracheostomy.Hence,we aimed to examine the short-term effects of HFOT through tracheostomy on diaphragmatic function and respiratory parameters in tracheostomized patients on prolonged mechanical ventilation.Methods A randomized,crossover,physiological study was conducted in our ICU between December 2020 and April 2021,in patients with tracheostomy and prolonged mechanical ventilation.The patients underwent a 30-min spontaneous breathing trial(sBT)and received oxygen either via T-piece or by HFOT through tracheostomy,followed by a washout period of 15-min breathing through the T-piece and receipt of 30-min oxygen with the other modality in a randomized crossover manner.At the start and end of each session,blood gasses,breathing frequency(f),and tidal volume(VT)via a Wright's spirometer were measured,along with diaphragm ultrasonography including diaphragm excursion and diaphragmatic thickening fraction,which expressed the inspiratory muscle effort.Results Eleven patients were enrolled in whom 19 sessions were uneventfully completed;eight patients were studied twice on two different days with alternate sessions;and three patients were studied once.Patients were randomly assigned to start the sBT with a T-piece(n=10 sessions)or with HFOT(n=9 sessions).With HFOT,VT and minute ventilation(VE)significantly increased during sBT(from[465±119]mL to[549±134]mL,Pspectively),but they did not change significantly during sBT with T-piece(from[495±132]mL to[461±123]mL and from[12.8±4.4]mL to[12.0±4.4]mL,respectively);f/VT decreased during HFOT(from[64±31]breaths/(min∙L)to[49±24]breaths/(min∙L),Psignificantly during sBT with T-piece(from[59±28]breaths/(min∙L)to[64±33]breaths/(min∙L));partial pressure of arterial oxygen incre

关键词： Diaphragm Diaphragm ultrasonography High-flow oxygen Prolonged mechanical ventilation Tracheostomy

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Enhancement of endogenous midbrain neurogenesis by microneurotrophin BNN-20 after neural progenitor grafting in a mouse model of nigral degeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1318-1324页

作者： Theodora Mourtzi Nasia Antoniou christina Dimitriou Panagiotis Gkaravelas Georgia Athanasopoulou Panagiota Nti Kostantzo Olga stathi Efthymia Theodorou Maria Anesti Rebecca Matsas Fevronia Angelatou Georgia Kouroupi Ilias Kazanis Laboratory of Developmental Biology Department of Biology University of Patras Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology-stem Cells Hellenic Pasteur Institute 3. Department of Physiology School of Medicine University of Patras

We have previously shown the neuroprotective and pro-neurogenic activity of microneurotrophin BNN-20 in the substantia nigra of the “weaver” mouse, a model of progressive nigrostriatal degeneration. Here, we extended our investigation in two clinically-relevant ways. First, we assessed the effects of BNN-20 on human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural progenitor cells and neurons derived from healthy and parkinsonian donors. second, we assessed if BNN-20 can boost the outcome of mouse neural progenitor cell intranigral transplantations in weaver mice, at late stages of degeneration. We found that BNN-20 has limited direct effects on cultured human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural progenitor cells, marginally enhancing their differentiation towards neurons and partially reversing the pathological phenotype of dopaminergic neurons generated from parkinsonian donors. In agreement, we found no effects of BNN-20 on the mouse neural progenitor cells grafted in the substantia nigra of weaver mice. However, the graft strongly induced an endogenous neurogenic response throughout the midbrain, which was significantly enhanced by the administration of microneurotrophin BNN-20. Our results provide straightforward evidence of the existence of an endogenous midbrain neurogenic system that can be specifically strengthened by BNN-20. Interestingly, the lack of major similar activity on cultured human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural progenitors and their progeny reveals the in vivo specificity of the aforementioned pro-neurogenic effect.

关键词： adult neurogenesis BNN-20 brain-derived neurotrophic factor cell replacement induced pluripotent stem cells (iPsCs) neurotrophic factors Parkinson's disease substantia

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The Effectiveness of Partnership in Talent Training Between Industry and Higher Vocational Colleges in China

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Journal of sociology study 2024年第1期14卷 54-68页

作者： CHEN Yan christina Andin shandong Vocational College of Light Industry ZiboShandongChina Universiti Malaysia sabah Malaysia

This paper is based on the partnership between China’s higher vocational colleges and industry, and obtains a large number of data on industry-college partnerships through case analysis, interviews and questionnaires. This paper analyzes the main factors that affect industry-college partnerships and the current problems and challenges, then puts forward the solutions.

关键词： industry-college partnerships environmental factors training factors people factors

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Optimal transcorneal electrical stimulation parameters for preserving photoreceptors in a mouse model of retinitis pigmentosa

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第11期19卷 2543-2552页

作者： sam Enayati Karen Chang Anton Lennikov Menglu Yang Cherin Lee Ajay Ashok Farris Elzaridi christina Yen Kasim Gunes Jia Xie Kin-sang Cho Tor Paaske Utheim Dong Feng Chen schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear Department of OphthalmologyHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Institute of clinical medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of OsloOsloNorway Department of Medical Biochemistry Oslo University HospitalUniversity of OsloOsloNorway Department of Ophthalmology Drammen HospitalVestre Viken Hospital TrustDrammenNorway Department of Histology and Embryology School of MedicineMarmara UniversityIstanbulTurkiye

Retinitis pigmentosa is a hereditary retinal disease that affects rod and cone photoreceptors,leading to progressive photoreceptor loss.Previous research supports the beneficial effect of electrical stimulation on photoreceptor survival.This study aims to identify the most effective electrical stimulation parameters and functional advantages of transcorneal electrical stimulation(tcEs)in mice affected by inherited retinal degeneration.Additionally,the study seeked to analyze the electric field that reaches the retina in both eyes in mice and post-mortem humans.In this study,we recorded waveforms and voltages directed to the retina during transcorneal electrical stimulation in C57BL/6J mice using an intraocular needle probe with rectangular,sine,and ramp waveforms.To investigate the functional effects of electrical stimulation on photoreceptors,we used human retinal explant cultures and rhodopsin knockout(Rho^(-/-))mice,demonstrating progressive photoreceptor degeneration with age.Human retinal explants isolated from the donors’eyes were then subjected to electrical stimulation and cultured for 48 hours to simulate the neurodegenerative environment in vitro.Photoreceptor density was evaluated by rhodopsin immunolabeling.In vivo Rho^(-/-)mice were subjected to two 5-day series of daily transcorneal electrical stimulation using rectangular and ramp waveforms.Retinal function and visual perception of mice were evaluated by electroretinography and optomotor response(OMR),respectively.Immunolabeling was used to assess the morphological and biochemical changes of the photoreceptor and bipolar cells in mouse retinas.Oscilloscope recordings indicated effective delivery of rectangular,sine,and ramp waveforms to the retina by transcorneal electrical stimulation,of which the ramp waveform required the lowest voltage.Evaluation of the total conductive resistance of the post-mortem human compared to the mouse eyes indicated higher cornea-to-retina resistance in human eyes.The temperature recordings during and after electrical

关键词： bipolar cells electrical stimulation neuroprotection photoreceptor degeneration retina retinal explants retinitis pigmentosa transcorneal electrical stimulation waveform

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Network analyses:Inhibition of androgen receptor signaling reduces inflammation in the lung through AR-MAF-IL6 signaling axes

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 140-143页

作者： Albert R.Wang Andrew M.Baschnagel Zijian Ni sean R.Brennan Hypatia K.Newton Darya Buehler christina Kendziorski Randall J.Kimple Gopal lyer Department of Human Oncology University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of WisconsinMadisonWI 53705USA Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53705USA University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center MadisonWI 53705USA Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA Department of Biology Tufts UniversityMedfordMA 02155USA Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of WisconsinMadisonWI 53705USA

Androgen receptor(AR)is a major transcription factor that plays a role in inflammatory response including interleukin-6(IL6)signaling.1 While AR regulation through paracrine loop signaling in prostate tissue is well-studied,its impact through an IL6 autocrine loop in the lung has not been wellstudied despite the organ's response to respiratory viral infection.Chemical inhibition and RNA knockdown of AR identified a bZIP transcription factor MAF to be a common target of inflammation using these perturbations in lung cells.

关键词： inflammation lung respiratory

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