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Chemical and Biological Properties of Apple Orchard Soils under Natural, Organic, Hybrid, and Conventional Farming Methods

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Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment 2020年第3期9卷 134-146页

作者： Takamitsu Kai Motoki kubo Kurokawa Field Science Center Meiji University Kawasaki Japan Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Life Sciences Ritsumeikan University Kusatsu Japan

Apples in Japan are generally cultivated under management systems that use chemical fertilizers and synthetic chemical pesticides. However, the continuous use of these fertilizers and pesticides damages the soil environment and reduces the number of soil microorganisms. In this study, we compared the chemical and biological properties of 12 soils from apple orchards in Aomori and Nagano Prefectures under four types of management systems, namely, natural conditions, with no cultivation, fertilizers, or pesticides;organic farming methods, using organic materials and pesticides approved by the Japanese Agricultural Standard organic certification system;hybrid farming methods, using a mix of organic and chemical fertilizers;and conventional farming, using chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Soil total carbon (TC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), nitrate-nitrogen (NO? 3), and available phosphoric acid (SP) contents were generally found to be the highest where organic farming methods were used. Similarly, bacterial biomass, nitrification (N) circulation activity, ammonia (NH+ 4) oxidation activity, nitrite (NO? 2) oxidation activity, and phosphoric (P) circulation activity were the highest under organic farming, especially in comparison with conventional farming. This study indicated that the differences in apple sugar content, acidity, and sugar/acidity ratio between different orchard management systems were due to different soil conditions, and soil conditions under organic farming management system in apple cultivation increased bacterial biomass while enhancing N and P circulation activity and high TC. On the other hand, the soil of conventional farming has the lowest total number of bacterial biomass and lowest material cycle such as N

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A Study of Electronic Equalization Scheme Enabling Optically Pre-Filtered 1 bit/s/Hz DWDM Transmission

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光学学报 2003年第S1期23卷 558-559页

作者： Hirofumi Totsuka Takashi Sugihara Takashi Mizuochi Hiroshi kubo Hitoyuki Tagami Kuniaki Motoshima Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Information Technology R&D Center 5-1-1 Ofuna Kamakura Kanagawa Japan

A numerical simulation shows that by using electronic equalizers 1 bit/s/Hz spectral efficiency can be attained with the same signal quality as a 0.8 bit/s/Hz system. Waveform distortion due to optical band-limiting i... 详细信息

关键词： numerical simulation spectral efficiency quality as

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Kidney GATA3^(+) regulatory T cells play roles in the convalescence stage after antibody-mediated renal injury

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第5期18卷 1249-1261页

作者： Ryota Sakai Minako Ito Kyoko Komai Mana Iizuka-Koga Kazuhiko Matsuo Takashi Nakayama Osamu Yoshie Koichi Amano Hiroshi Nishimasu Osamu Nureki Masato kubo Akihiko Yoshimura Department of Microbiology and Immunology Keio University School of Medicine35 ShinanomachiShinjuku-kuTokyo160-8582Japan Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Saitama Medical CenterSaitama Medical University1981 KamodaKawagoe350-8550Japan Medical Institute of Bioregulation Kyushu University 3-1-1 MaidashiHigashi-kuFukuoka812-8582Japan Division of Chemotherapy Kindai University Faculty of PharmacyHigashi-Osaka577-8502Japan The Health and Kampo Institute SendaiMiyagi981-3205Japan Department of Biological Science Graduate School of ScienceThe University of Tokyo7-3-1 HongoBunkyo-kuTokyo113-0033Japan Center for Animal Disease Models Research Institute for Biomedical ScienceTokyo University of Science2669 YamazakiNoda-shiChiba278-0022Japan

FoxP3^(+)regulatory T cells(Tregs)play crucial roles in peripheral immune *** addition,Tregs that reside or accumulate in nonlymphoid tissues,called tissue Tregs,exhibit tissue-specific functions and contribute to the maintenance of tissue homeostasis and *** an experimental mouse model of crescentic glomerulonephritis induced by an anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody,Tregs started to accumulate in the kidney on day 10 of disease onset and remained at high levels(~30–35%of CD4^(+)T cells)during the late stage(days 21–90),which correlated with stable disease *** depletion on day 21 resulted in the relapse of renal dysfunction and an increase in Th1 cells,suggesting that Tregs are essential for disease control during the convalescence *** Tregs that accumulated in the kidney showed tissue Treg phenotypes,including high expression of GATA3,ST2(the IL33 receptor subunit),amphiregulin(Areg),and PPARγ.Although T-bet^(+) Tregs and RORγt^(+) Tregs were observed in the kidney,GATA3^(+) Tregs were predominant during the convalescence stage,and a PPARγagonist enhanced the accumulation of GATA3^(+) Tregs in the *** understand the function of specific genes in kidney Tregs,we developed a novel T cell transfer system to T cell-deficient *** experiment demonstrates that ST2,Areg,and CCR4 in Tregs play important roles in the accumulation of GATA3^(+) Tregs in the kidney and in the amelioration of renal *** data suggest that GATA3 is important for the recruitment of Tregs into the kidney,which is necessary for convalescence after renal tissue destruction.

关键词： Tissue Tregs autoantibody GATA3 kidney IL-33

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Performance Evaluation of RTK-GNSS with Existing Sensors in Dense Urban Areas

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Journal of Geodesy and Geomatics Engineering 2014年第1期1卷 18-28页

作者： Nobuaki kubo Chen Dihan Faculty of Marine Technology Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology Tokyo 1358533 Japan Veriserve Corporation Tokyo 1600023 Japan

The increasing demand for navigation and automation has led to the development of a number of accurate and precise navigation applications that make use of the GPS （Global Positioning System） and other sensors. However, GPS tends to suffer from multipath error, especially in urban environments. To overcome this problem, a method was developed for improving RTK-GPS （real-time kinematic GPS） using a low-cost IMU （inertial measurement unit） and conventional vehicle speed sensors. Additionally, RTK-GNSS （Global Navigation Satellite System） was also evaluated to improve the RTK performance using GPS, QZSS （Quasi-Zenith Satellite System） and BeiDou. In this study, it was found that a suitable measurement quality check is required to obtain better direction information. The results of the experiment demonstrate that, to some extent, our proposed method is beneficial as an alternative to the conventional RTK-GPS in an urban environment.

关键词： GNSS RTK IMU Multipath ITS.

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A unique case of collagenous colitis presenting as protein-losing enteropathy successfully treated with prednisolone

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第39期14卷 6083-6086页

作者： Soichi Sano Keiko Yamagami Ayako Tanaka Minako Nishio Tomoyuki Nakamura Yuki kubo Takeshi Inoue Wataru Ueda Kiyotaka Okawa Katsunobu Yoshioka Department of Internal Medicine Osaka City General HospitalOsaka 534-0021Japan Department of Pathology Osaka City General HospitalOsaka 534-0021Japan Department of Gastroen-terology Osaka City General HospitalOsaka 534-0021Japan

A 76-year-old woman with a 5-mo history of recurrent diarrhea and generalized edema was admitted to our hospital. Colonoscopy revealed edematous mucosa,and histopathological examination was compatible with collagenous colitis. Protein leakage from the colon,particularly in the ascending portion,was identified on 99mTc-human serum albumin scintigraphy. Collagenous colitis associated with protein-losing enteropathy (PLE) without small bowel disease was diagnosed. Prednisolone treatment ameliorated diarrhea and hypoproteinemia. Collagenous colitis should be included in the differential diagnosis of chronic diarrhea with hypoproteinemia for appropriate management.

关键词： Collagenous colitis Protein-losing enteropathy Prednisolone 99mTc-human serum albumin scintigraphy chronic diarrhea

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A new simple technique of epididymal sperm collection for obstructive azoospermia

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第1期18卷 149-150页

作者： Tatsuo Morita Maiko Komatsubara Tomohiro Kameda Ai Morikawa Taro kubo Akira Fujisaki Shinsuke Kurokawa Hirotoshi Kawata Akira Tanaka Department of Urology Jichi Medical University Shimotsuke-shi Tochigi Japan Department of Pathology Jichi Medical University Shimotsuke-shi Tochigi Japan

Dear Editor,Sperm in patients with obstructive azoospermia （OA） have been retrieved from the reproductive tract and/or from the testis for intracytoplasmic sperm injection （ICSI） in several ways, including microsurgical epididymal sperm aspiration （MESA）, percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration （PESA）, testicular sperm extraction （TESE）, and other techniques） Each of these has advantages and drawbacks in terms of microsurgical expertise or equipment, number of sperm obtained, invasiveness, and cost. Therefore, we developed a safe, simple, feasible, and low-cost modified MESA technique to collect epididymal sperm under direct vision, which we have labeled macrosurgical epididymal sperm imprint collection （MESIC）. Herein, we present the details of the MESIC technique and our initial experience in patients with suspected OA.

关键词： RETRIEVAL TECHNIQUES ASPIRATION OUTCOMES INJECTION

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SIMULATION SYSTEM OF OPERATING PERFORMANCE OF HYPOID GEARS

SIMULATION SYSTEM OF OPERATING PERFORMANCE OF HYPOID GEARS

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2006年中国机械工程学会年会暨中国工程院机械与运载工程学部首届年会

作者： AIZOH kubo Kyoto University Dept.Prec.Eng. Kyoto606-8501 Japan

A performance simulation program of hypoid gears that can accept measured form deviation of real tooth flank form is developed and gear dynamic performance such as transmission error, contact pattern

关键词： Hypoid gears contact pattern performance simulation vibrational excitation tooth root stress.

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日本全球重要农业文化遗产的旅游业发展:创造基于故事和体验的产品

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Journal of Resources and Ecology 2023年第6期14卷 1302-1313页

作者： YOTSUMOTO Yukio VAFADARI Kazem kubo Takayuki 立命馆亚太大学别府大分874-8577日本

在日本,联合国粮食与农业组织(FAO)全球重要农业文化遗产(GIAHS)所在的社区尝试利用GIAHS的品牌优势来开发旅游产品。随着体验经济对社会发展的重要性日益凸显,对于面临老龄化和人口减少的社区来说,发展可持续旅游成为现实的选择。这项... 详细信息

在日本,联合国粮食与农业组织(FAO)全球重要农业文化遗产(GIAHS)所在的社区尝试利用GIAHS的品牌优势来开发旅游产品。随着体验经济对社会发展的重要性日益凸显,对于面临老龄化和人口减少的社区来说,发展可持续旅游成为现实的选择。这项研究中着眼于故事(叙事)是如何与农业产品的品牌内涵以及农业文化相联系,并总结了日本GIAHS社区在开发基于体验的产品中所遇到的问题。本文主要通过访谈和观察收集定性数据,进而采用归纳的方法对数据进行分析。按照标准分析方法挖掘转录数据的异同结构,并使用图表来直观表达想法。本研究在大分、岐阜、静冈等代表日本所有GIAHS类型的地区开展了实地调查。研究表明,景观型的遗产地可以基于GIAHS申报书提炼出的故事开发手工艺品、食品等多种纪念品。农耕模式类型的遗产地,故事可以针对单一的农产品及其生产方式叙述。另一发现是,基于体验的GIAHS产品中存在两层叙事:第一层是利用当地已知的农业和文化传统创建的,第二层是在第一层的基础上衍生的GIAHS故事,作为对当地农业遗产的科学解读。

关键词：真实性基于体验的产品体验经济全球重要农业文化遗产(GIAHS) 叙事纪念品旅游日本

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Correlation between Occupational Stress, Lifestyle, and Hyperglycemia among Obese and Non-Obese Middle-Aged Japanese Male Workers

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Health 2016年第11期8卷 1082-1088页

作者： Itsuko Bonkohara Yoko kubo Toshio Kobayashi Department of Clinical Nursing Study Faculty of Nursing Yasuda Women’s University Hiroshima Japan Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing University of Occupational and Environmental Health Kitakyushu Japan Department of Health Development Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences Hiroshima University Hiroshima Japan

The aim of this study was to identify the correlation between stress, lifestyle, and hyperglycemia among middle-aged Japanese male workers. We also analyzed the obese (OB) and non-obese (non- OB) groups pertaining to the risk of hyperglycemia. A total of 353 male employees aged between 50 and 59 years taking health checkup sat a company in Japan were examined. The data were collected using validated scales of occupational stress and medical examination. Of the 353 employees, 335 (effective response rate 95%) were analyzed. “Support from colleagues” and “reward from work” reported by the OB group were lower than the non-OB group. The items “eating until satiety” and “having greasy meal often” were significantly more common in the OB group than in the non-OB group. There was a significant correlation between less sleep time and hyperglycemia in the OB group than in the non-OB group. The non-OB group reported more overtime hours than the OB group. Hyperglycemia in the non-OB group was positively correlated with long working hours, “workload,” and “mental workload.” The results indicated that the OB group would benefit from lifestyle interventions, for example, improvement in sleep time and eating habits may prevent hyperglycemia and eventually in obesity. Furthermore, it was suggested that stress in response to “workload” and “mental workload” owing to long working hours leads to hyperglycemia in the non-OB group. Therefore, the improvement of the workplace environment, reducing the number of hours at work, and stress management are required to prevent hyperglycemia in the non-OB group.

关键词： Hyperglycemia Obesity Occupational Stress Japanese Male Workers

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Visualization of Traveling Vortices in the Boundary Layer on a Rotating Disk under Orbital Motion

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Open Journal of Fluid Dynamics 2015年第1期5卷 17-25页

作者： Mizue Munekata Keiichiro kubo Hiroyuki Yoshikawa Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering Kumamoto University Kumamoto Japan

The objective of this study is to experimentally visualize traveling vortices in the boundary layer on a rotating disk under orbital motion. The orbital radius is half of the disk’s diameter (200 mm) and the maximum speed of orbital motion is 500 revolutions per minute. The Reynolds number in the pure-rotation case is 2.77 × 105. The characteristics of two types of traveling vortices are visualized by a smoke-wire method. The first type is transition vortices. In the pure-rotation case, they arise at circumferentially equal intervals, and are not traveling but stationary relative to the rotational disk. The result of visualization of this type shows that the intervals between transient vortices change in a circumferential direction, or in an orbital radial direction, on the rotating disk under orbital motion. The second type is new arc-shaped vortices that correspond to low-frequency disturbances. As orbital speed increases, the radial traveling velocities of the low-frequency disturbances increase and the intervals between low-frequency disturbances decrease.

关键词： Rotating Disk Orbital Motion Boundary Transition Flow Visualization Hot-Wire

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