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A historical re-analysis of the calamitous midget typhoon passing through Hong Kong region on 18 September 1906 and its storm surge impact to Hong Kong region

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Tropical Cyclone Research and Review 2022年第3期11卷 174-218页

作者： Hing Yim Mok chi ming shun Stephen Davies Wing Hong Lui Dick Shum Lau Kai Chun Cheung Kwan Yin Kong Sai Tick Chan Hong Kong Observatory Hong KongChina Hong Kong Maritime Museum Hong KongChina US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration USA

A typhoon passed through Hong Kong region suddenly and unexpectedly on 18 September 1906(the“Typhoon 1906”)and had a disastrous impact on Victoria Harbour and its surroundings in just a couple of *** the year 1906 was the“Bingwu”year in the chinese calendar,the typhoon is also known historically as the“Bingwu Typhoon”.Tremendous loss of lives and property resulted,and the shipping and fishing communities were *** mysteries arising from this calamitous typhoon have existed to date:1)Why the Hong Kong region Observatory was not able to provide any forewarning?2)whether the storm surge reported in some contemporary records is entirely credible?This paper will focus on both of *** this paper,we re-analyse historical weather observations recorded in various historical documents and estimate the possible storm size,intensity and track of Typhoon 1906 using tropical cyclone *** on the re-analyses,the storm surges,storm tides and wave heights in Hong Kong region are also estimated using storm surge and wave *** results reveal that Typhoon 1906 was a midget typhoon,with a radius of maximum winds of 11 km or smaller,during its passage through Hong Kong *** explains why it was technically impossible for a forewarning to be given at that time when real-time weather observations from ships,meteorological satellites and radars were *** also estimate that the maximum storm surges(storm tides)in Hong Kong region were not higher than 0.82 m(2.43 mCD)and 1.98 m(4.15 mCD)in Victoria Harbour and Tolo Harbour *** figures are found to be limited by the intensity and the storm size of the ***,we conclude that the previously documented storm surge figures are not supported by the present study.

关键词： Bingwu typhoon Midget typhoon Storm surge Historical re-analysis Hong Kong region

TiO_2超微粉光催化还原Cr_2O_7^(2-)的研究

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太阳能学报 1991年第2期12卷 176-180页

作者：张池明姜月顺刘旺杨洪茂李铁津肖良质吉林大学

以醇盐法合成的TiO_2超微粉为光催化剂,研究了光催化还原Cr_2O_7^(2-)的反应,找到了最佳处理条件,并综合运用SPS,XRD、TEM等手段对光催化剂进行了考察,确认TiO_2超微粉是一种效率很高可望有良好应用前景的光催化剂。最后对光催化反应机... 详细信息

以醇盐法合成的TiO_2超微粉为光催化剂,研究了光催化还原Cr_2O_7^(2-)的反应,找到了最佳处理条件,并综合运用SPS,XRD、TEM等手段对光催化剂进行了考察,确认TiO_2超微粉是一种效率很高可望有良好应用前景的光催化剂。最后对光催化反应机理进行了讨论。

关键词： TiO2 超粉光催化剂光还原铬

Role of nutrition in diabetes mellitus and infections

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第3期13卷 1-8页

作者： Xue-Lu Yu Li-Yun Zhou Xiao Huang Xin-Yue Li ming-Ke Wang Ji-shun Yang Naval Medical Center of PLA Naval Medical UniversityShanghai 200052China

In this editorial,we have commented on the article that has been published in the recent issue of World Journal of Clinical *** authors have described a case of unilateral thyroid cyst and have opined that the acute onset of infection may be linked to diabetes mellitus(DM).We have focused on the role of nutrition in the association between DM and *** with DM are at a high risk of infection,which could also be attributed to nutrition-related *** interventions for patients with diabetes are mainly based on a low-calorie diet,which can be achieved by adhering to a low-carbohydrate ***,dietary fiber supplementation is recommended to maintain the diversity of the gut ***,high-quality protein can prevent the increased risk of infection due to *** of vitamins C,vitamins A,vitamins D,and folic acid improves blood sugar control and facilitates immune *** deficiencies augment the risk of infection,but the relationship with diabetes is mostly U-shaped and a good intake should be maintained.

关键词： Diabetes mellitus Infection Macronutrients Vitamins Minerals

Inducible direct plant defense against insect herbivores： A review

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Insect Science 2008年第2期15卷 101-114页

作者： ming-shun Chen USDA-ARS and Department of Entomology Kansas State University Manhattan Kansas 66506 USA

Plants respond to insect herbivory with responses broadly known as direct defenses, indirect defenses, and tolerance. Direct defenses include all plant traits that affect susceptibility of host plants by themselves. Overall categories of direct plant defenses against insect herbivores include limiting food supply, reducing nutrient value, reducing preference, disrupting physical structures, and inhibiting chemical pathways of the attacking insect. Major known defense chemicals include plant secondary metabolites, protein inhibitors of insect digestive enzymes, proteases, lectins, amino acid deaminases and oxidases. Multiple factors with additive or even synergistic impact are usually involved in defense against a specific insect species, and factors of major importance to one insect species may only be of secondary importance or not effective at all against another insect species. Extensive qualitative and quantitative high throughput analyses of temporal and spatial variations in gene expression, protein level and activity, and metabolite concentration will accelerate not only the understanding of the overall mechanisms of direct defense, but also accelerate the identification of specific targets for enhancement of plant resistance for agriculture.

关键词： chemical defense defensive protease lectins protease inhibitor secondary metabolite

ADJOINT METHOD OF PARAMETER IDENTIFICATION FOR SOME NON LINEAR REACTION DIFFUSION SYSTEMS

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2005年第1期17卷 80-86页

作者： JIANGCheng-shun LIUChao SHENYong-ming InstituteofInformationEngineering InformationEngineeringUniversityZhengzhou450002China／／StateKeyLaboratoryofCoastalandOffshoreEngineeringDalianUniversityofTechnologyDalian116023China StateKeyLaboratoryofCoastalandOffshoreEngineering DalianUniversityofTechnologyDalian116023China

This paper deals with the problem of determining two unknown parameters of some nonlinear reaction diffusion models. These reaction diffusion models are derived from applications in the groundwater flow transport, environmental sciences, gas dynamics, heat and mass transfer, industrial automatization and some other engineering technological fields. The adjoint method based on the variational principle is a relatively new optimal control method. It is used in the identification of the unknown diffusion coefficient, and some coefficients of the nonlinear sink or source terms in these systems. At first, the problem is transferred into an optimization problem of minimizing a functional, and the adjoint equations of the governing equations are derived from the adjoint method. Then, the formulas are given to calculate the gradient of the objective function with respect to the couple of unknown parameters. At last, an iterative gradient based optimization algorithm is presented for solving the optimization problem. A numerical example is offered in the end. It shows the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

关键词： reaction diffusion system parameter identification optimization adjoint method

Competitive adsorption of Cd, Cu, Hg and Pb by agricultural soils of the Changjiang and Zhujiang deltas in china

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2007年第11期8卷 1808-1815页

作者： ZHANG ming-kui ZHENG shun-an Department of Natural Resource Sciences School of Natural Resource and Environmental Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029 China

Soils can often be contaminated simultaneously by more than one heavy metal. The sorption-desorption behavior of a metal in a soil will be affected by the presence of other metals. Therefore, selective retention and competitive adsorption of the soils to heavy metals can affect their availability and movement through the soils. In this study, the simultaneous competitive adsorption of four heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Hg, and Pb) on ten agricultural soils collected from the Changjiang and Zhujiang deltas, china was assessed. The results showed that the competition affected the behavior of heavy metal cations in such a way that the soils adsorbed less Cd and Hg, and more Pb and Cu with increasing total metal concentrations, regardless of the molar concen- tration applied. As the applied concentrations increased, Pb and Cu adsorption increased, while Cd and Hg adsorption decreased. The adsorption sequence most found was Pb>Cu>Hg>Cd. The maximum adsorption capacity for the heavy metal cations was calculated, and affected markedly by soil properties. The results suggest that Hg and Cd have higher mobility associated to the lower adsorption and that Pb and Cu present the opposite behavior. Significant correlations were found between the maximum adsorption capacity of the metals and pH value and exchangeable acid, suggesting that soil pH and exchangeable acid were key factors controlling the solubility and mobility of the metals in the agricultural soils.

关键词： Competitive adsorption Adsorption sequence Heavy metals Agricultural soils

Modeling of drag reduction in turbulent channel flow with hydrophobic walls by FVM method and weakly-compressible flow equations

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2011年第2期27卷 200-207页

作者： Ling Li ming-shun Yuan State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering Tsinghua University 100084 Beijing China

In this paper the effects of hydrophobic wall on skin-friction drag in the channel flow are investigated through large eddy simulation on the basis of weaklycompressible flow equations with the MacCormack’s scheme on collocated mesh in the FVM framework. The slip length model is adopted to describe the behavior of the slip velocities in the streamwise and spanwise directions at the interface between the hydrophobic wall and turbulent channel flow. Simulation results are presented by analyzing flow behaviors over hydrophobic wall with the Smagorinky subgrid-scale model and a dynamic model on computational meshes of different resolutions. Comparison and analysis are made on the distributions of timeaveraged velocity, velocity fluctuations, Reynolds stress as well as the skin-friction drag. Excellent agreement between the present study and previous results demonstrates the accuracy of the simple classical second-order scheme in representing turbulent vertox near hydrophobic wall. In addition, the relation of drag reduction efficiency versus time-averaged slip velocity is established. It is also foundthat the decrease of velocity gradient in the close wall region is responsible for the drag reduction. Considering its advantages of high calculation precision and efficiency, the present method has good prospect in its application to practical projects.

关键词： Wall turbulences · Large eddy simulation · Drag reduction · Hydrophobic wall · Weakly compressible flow

A photon-controlled diode with a new signal-processing behavior

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National Science Review 2022年第8期9卷 110-117页

作者： shun Feng Ruyue Han Lili Zhang chi Liu Bo Li Honglei Zhu Qianbing Zhu Wei Chen Hui-ming Cheng Dong-ming Sun Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences School of Physical Science and Technology Shanghai Tech University School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering/Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences

The photodetector is a key component in optoelectronic integrated circuits. Although there are various device structures and mechanisms, the output current changes either from rectified to fully-on or from fully-off to fully-on after illumination. A device that changes the output current from fully-off to rectified should be possible. We report the first photon-controlled diode based on a n/n-molybdenum disulfide junction. Schottky junctions formed at the cathode and anode either prevent or allow the device to be rectifying, so that the output current of the device changes from fully-off to rectified. By increasing the thickness of the photogating layer, the behavior of the device changes from a photodetector to a multifunctional photomemory with the highest non-volatile responsivity of 4.8 × 10~7A/W and the longest retention time of 6.5 × 10~6s reported so far. Furthermore, a 3 × 3 photomemory array without selectors shows no crosstalk between adjacent devices and has optical signal-processing functions including wavelength and power-density selectivity.

关键词： photon-controlled diode fully-off rectifying photomemory array

Properties and photodetector applications of two-dimensional black arsenic phosphorus and black phosphorus

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Science china(Information Sciences) 2021年第4期64卷 120-133页

作者： Ruyue HAN shun FENG Dong-ming SUN Hui-ming CHENG Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University

Two-dimensional(2D) black arsenic phosphorus(b-AsP), as an alloy of black phosphorus(bP) with arsenic, has attracted great attention because of its outstanding electronic and optical properties,including high carrier mobility, tunable bandgap and in-plane anisotropy. B-AsP has a smaller bandgap(0.15–0.3 eV) than the b-P bandgap(0.3–2.0 eV), and thus can be used for mid-infrared *** addition, both of them can form various van der Waals(vdW) heterojunctions with other 2D materials to realize novel functional optoelectronic devices. Here, we compare the basic characteristics of b-AsP and b-P, including crystal structure, optical properties, band structure, electrical properties and stability, and we summarize the update progress of b-AsP in photo detection, including representatives of phototransistor and photodiode devices. In the last part, the future research directions are discussed.

关键词： black arsenic phosphorus crystal structure optical property electrical property photodetector