A historical re-analysis of the calamitous midget typhoon passing through Hong Kong region on 18 September 1906 and its storm surge impact to Hong Kong region
作者机构：Hong Kong ObservatoryHong KongChina Hong Kong Maritime MuseumHong KongChina US National Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationUSA
出 版 物：《Tropical Cyclone Research and Review》 (热带气旋研究与评论（英文版）)
年 卷 期：2022年第11卷第3期
页 面：174-218页
学科分类：07[理学] 070601[理学-气象学] 0706[理学-大气科学]
基 金：Hongkong Electric Company Limited
主 题：Bingwu typhoon Midget typhoon Storm surge Historical re-analysis Hong Kong region
摘 要：A typhoon passed through Hong Kong region suddenly and unexpectedly on 18 September 1906(the“Typhoon 1906)and had a disastrous impact on Victoria Harbour and its surroundings in just a couple of *** the year 1906 was the“Bingwuyear in the Chinese calendar,the typhoon is also known historically as the“Bingwu Typhoon.Tremendous loss of lives and property resulted,and the shipping and fishing communities were *** mysteries arising from this calamitous typhoon have existed to date:1)Why the Hong Kong region Observatory was not able to provide any forewarning?2)whether the storm surge reported in some contemporary records is entirely credible?This paper will focus on both of *** this paper,we re-analyse historical weather observations recorded in various historical documents and estimate the possible storm size,intensity and track of Typhoon 1906 using tropical cyclone *** on the re-analyses,the storm surges,storm tides and wave heights in Hong Kong region are also estimated using storm surge and wave *** results reveal that Typhoon 1906 was a midget typhoon,with a radius of maximum winds of 11 km or smaller,during its passage through Hong Kong *** explains why it was technically impossible for a forewarning to be given at that time when real-time weather observations from ships,meteorological satellites and radars were *** also estimate that the maximum storm surges(storm tides)in Hong Kong region were not higher than 0.82 m(2.43 mCD)and 1.98 m(4.15 mCD)in Victoria Harbour and Tolo Harbour *** figures are found to be limited by the intensity and the storm size of the ***,we conclude that the previously documented storm surge figures are not supported by the present study.
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